CHAPTER 4 TEST

Proof is demonstrated by _____.

evidence

Direct evidence is evidence that proves a fact _____.

without the need of inferences or presumptions

Circumstantial evidence is evidence that proves a fact in issue _____.

​indirectly or by inference

A conviction cannot be valid if it is based solely on circumstantial evidence. (T/F?)

FALSE

Direct evidence is evidence that proves a fact in issue by the use of inferences. (T/F?)

FALSE

Evidence is derived from proof. (T/F?)

FALSE

Evidence of prior similar crimes or bad acts is never admissible against a criminal defendant. (T/F?)

FALSE

Inferences are reasonable conclusions that judges or juries _____.

may draw if they so desire

If a defendant does not testify at his or her criminal trial, the judge or jury _____.

may not use this as evidence of guilt or draw an inference of guilt

Circumstantial evidence frequently takes the form of showing that the defendant had means, opportunity, and _____.

motive

_____ evidence is evidence that indirectly proves a fact at issue.

Circumstantial

_____ are reasonable conclusions that fact finders (juries or judges) may draw from the evidence presented to them.

Inferences

Circumstantial evidence requires that the fact finder draw inferences. (T/F?)

TRUE

Due process requires that criminal guilt be proven by the government beyond a reasonable doubt. (T/F?)

TRUE

In the absence of a confession or admission, intent must usually be proven by circumstantial evidence. (T/F?)

TRUE

Rape shield statutes can prevent the introduction of circumstantial evidence about the victim. (T/F?)

TRUE

The U.S. Supreme Court has held that trial judges must give juries a strict definition of proof beyond a reasonable doubt. (T/F?)

TRUE

Fingerprint and shoe print evidence are examples of ________ evidence.

circumstantial