Chapter 4: Theoretical Foundations of Nursing Practice Review Questions

Which of the following categories of shared theories would be most appropriate for a patient who is grieving the loss of a spouse?

1. Biomedical 2. Leadership 3. Psychosocial 4. Developmental 3

Nurses have developed theories in response to: (Select all that apply).

1. Changes in health care. 2. Prior nursing theories. 3. Changes in nursing practice. 4. Research findings. 5. Government regulations. 6. Theories from other disciplines. 7. Physician opinions. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 6

Theory is essential to nursing practice because it: (Select all that apply).

1. Contributes to nursing knowledge. 2. Predicts patient behaviors in situations. 3. Provides a means of assessing patient vital signs. 4. Guides nursing practice. 5. Formulates health care legislation. 6. Explains relationships between concepts. 1, 2, 4, and 6

While working in a rehabilitation facility, it is important to obtain nursing histories and develop a therapeutic nurse-patient relationship. List in correct order the phases of Peplau's theory as applied in this setting. The nurse:

1. Ensures that the patient has access to appropriate community resources for long-term care. 2. Collaborates with the patient to identify specific patient needs. 3. Collects essential information from the patient's health record. 4. Works with the patient to develop a plan for resolving patient issues. 3, 2, 4, and 1

Which of the following types of theory influence the "evidence" in current "evidence-based practice (EBP)"?

1. Grand theory 2. Middle-range theory 3. Practice theory 4. Shared theory 2

A nurse is preparing to begin intravenous fluid therapy for a patient. Which category of theory would be most helpful to the nurse at this time?

1. Grand theory 2. Middle-range theory 3. Practice theory 4. Shared theory 3

A nurse ensures that each patient's room is clean; well ventilated; and free from clutter, excessive noise, and extremes in temperature. Which theorist's work is the nurse practicing in this example?

1. Henderson. 2. Orem. 3. King. 4. Nightingale. 4

The nurse is caring for a patient admitted to the neurological unit with the diagnosis of a stroke and right-sided weakness. The nurse assumes responsibility for bathing and feeding the patient until the patient is able to begin performing these activities. The nurse in this situation is applying the theory developed by:

1. Neuman. 2. Orem. 3. Roy. 4. Peplau. 2

Which of the following statements related to theory-based nursing practice are correct? (Select all that apply).

1. Nursing theory differentiates nursing from other disciplines. 2. Nursing theories are standardized and do not change over time. 3. Integrating theory into practice promotes coordinated care delivery. 4. Nursing knowledge is generated by theory. 5. The theory of nursing process is used in planning patient care. 6. Evidence-based practice results from theory-testing research. 1, 3, 4, and 6

The components of the nursing metaparadigm include:

1. Person, health, environment, and theory. 2. Health, theory, concepts, and environment. 3. Nurses, physicians, health, and patient needs. 4. Person, health, environment, and nursing. 4

A nurse is caring for a patient who recently lost a leg in a motor vehicle accident. The nurse assists the patient to cope with the situation by applying which of the following theories?

1. Roy 2. Levine 3. Watson 4. Johnson 1

Using Maslow's hierarchy of needs, identify the priority for a patient who is experiencing chest pain and difficulty breathing.

1. Self-actualization 2. Air, water, and nutrition 3. Safety 4. Esteem and self-esteem needs 2

Match the following descriptions to the appropriate grand theorist. 1. King 2. Henderson 3. Orem 4. Neuman

a. Based on the theory that focuses on wellness and prevention of disease. b. Based on the belief that people who participate in self-care activities are more likely to improve their health outcomes. c. Based on 14 activities, the belief that the nurse should assist patients with meeting needs until they are able to do so independently. d. Based on the belief that nurses should work with patients to develop goals for care. 1d, 2c, 3b, and 4a

Match the following description to the appropriate middle-range theory. 1. Benner's Skill Acquisition 2. AACN's Synergy Model 3. Mishel's Uncertainty in Illness 4. Kolcaba's Theory of Comfort

a. The nurse strives to relieve patients' distress. b. The nurse progresses through five stages of expertise. c. The nurse helps the patient to process and find meaning related to his or her illness. d. Matching nurse competencies to patient needs can improve patient outcomes. 1b, 2d, 3c, and 4a

Match the following types of theory with the appropriate description. 1. Middle-range theory 2. Shared theory 3. Grand theory 4. Practice theory

a. Very abstract; attempts to describe nursing in a global context. b. Specific to a particular situation; brings theory to the bedside. c. Applies theory from other disciplines to nursing practice. d. Addresses a specific phenomenon and reflects practice. 1d 2c, 3a, and 4b