Chapter 47--Intestinal and Rectal Disorders
Which symptom characterizes regional enteritis?
Transmural thickening (thickening of the bowel walls)
a dilated portion of vein in the anal canal.
hemorrhoid
What would the nurse include as the primary characteristic associated with colon cancer?
A change in bowel habits
what kind of diet is recommended to reduce the size and number of stools?
A low-residue, high-protein, and high-calorie diet
intussusception of the bowel.
One part of the intestine telescopes into another portion of the intestine.
the intestinal rumbling caused by the movement of gas through the intestines that accompanies diarrhea
Borborygmus
why is celiac disease considered a mucosal disorder?
Celiac disease (celiac sprue, gluten-sensitive enteropathy) results from a toxic response to the gliadin component of gluten by the surface epithelium of the intestine; eventually, the mucosal villi of the small intestine become denuded and cannot function.
low residue diet
It limits high-fiber foods, like whole-grain breads and cereals, nuts, seeds, raw or dried fruits, and vegetables
which of the following as an example of an antidiarrheal agent commonly administered for IBS?
Loperamide
Celiac disease (celiac sprue) is an example of which category of malabsorption?
Mucosal disorders causing generalized malabsorption
A client who has undergone colostomy surgery is experiencing constipation. Which intervention should a nurse consider for such a client?
Suggest fluid intake of at least 2 L/day
When differentiating between what are normal and abnormal bowel habits, what indicators are the most important?
The consistency of stool and comfort when passing stool
Familial polyposis
a hereditary disease in which numerous polyps develop in the intestinal tract
When preparing a client for a hemorrhoidectomy, the nurse should take which action?
administer an enema
an infection in the pararectal spaces
anorectal abscess
Anorexia and periumbilical pain are characteristic of what?
appendicitis
how to assess for tenderness at McBurney's point.
apply pressure between the umbilicus and the anterior superior iliac spine.
What does the nurse recognize as characteristic of IBS?
chronic constipation with bouts of diarrhea
The nurse is irrigating a colostomy when the patient says, "You will have to stop, I am cramping so badly." What is the priority action by the nurse?
clamp the tube and give the patient a rest period
watery stools are characteristic of...
disorders of the small bowel
inflammation of a diverticulum from obstruction (by fecal matter) resulting in abscess formation.
diverticulitis
What information should the nurse include in the teaching plan for a client being treated for diverticulosis?
drink 8-10 glasses of water per day
Epigastric pain occurring 90 minutes to 3 hours after eating indicates what?
duodenal ulcer
What is the most common cause of small-bowel obstruction?
hernias
Diet therapy for clients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) includes:
high fiber diet
risky diet for colorectal cancer
high-fat, high-protein, low-fiber diet
Because one of the client's medications is digitalis (digoxin), the nurse monitors the client closely for
hypokalemia
presence of mucus and pus in the stools suggests...
inflammatory enteritis or colitis
large, greasy stools are characteristic of...
intestinal malabsorption
ribbonlike stools are a sign of what?
large bowel obstruction
Diet modifications for patient diagnosed with chronic inflammatory bowel disease include which of the following?
low residue with supplemental vitamin therapy and iron replacement
Vomiting results in which of the following acid-base imbalances?
metabolic alkalosis
rovsing's sign
palpation of the left lower quadrant causes right lower quadrant pain that may indicate appendicitis
What is the actual measurement of "regular"?
stool consistency and client comfort
classic sign of peritonitis
sudden, diffuse, severe abdominal pain that intensifies in the area of the underlying causative disorder (i.e., appendicitis, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, a strangulated obstruction). The client may also have rebound tenderness
When the client reports the presence of mucus and pus in the stool, the nurse assesses for additional signs/symptoms of which disease/condition?
ulcerative colitis
The nurse is assessing a client for constipation. Which factor should the nurse review first to identify the cause of constipation?
usual pattern of elimination
When the bowel twists and turns itself and obstructs the intestinal lumen it is known as...
volvulus
