Chapter 49 Neurobiology of non psychotic illnesses

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The fearful expectation of panic anxiety is known as

Anticipatory anxiety

The hallmarks of OCD

Are obsessions and compulsions

Autism spectrum disorder is defined

By a common set of behaviors: social/communication deficits and fixated interests and repetitive behaviors

Studies on brain neuroanatomy and neurocircuitry suggest that post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) patients show

Decreased right and left hippocampus volumes compared with control subjects

Physical symptoms of panic disorder

Heart palpitations Tachycardia Chest pain

ADHD is

Most common childhood psychiatric disorder Begins in childhood and continues through out adolescence and adulthood

PET scans performed on the brains of individuals diagnosed with obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) has shown

Increases in glucose metabolism - in the frontal lobe, caudate nucleus, cingulate gyrus of the brain

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder

May become highly anxious if prevented from performing rituals

Avoidance anxiety refers to

Personal strategies used to increase feelings of control and thereby decrease the risk of panic anxiety

As many as 12%

Of children in the United States aged 3 to 17 yrs are affected by some type of neurodevelopmental disorder

Tachycardia is a common finding individuals with

Panic attacks

A pt who experiences sudden onset, acute fearfulness for no apparent reason has a disorder called

Panic disorder

Compulsions are

Repetitive, ritualistic behaviors ( hand washing, ordering and checking) Mental acts (praying, counting, repeating words silently) that person performs with urgency and rigidly

The first line treatment for post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Obsessions are

Strong, persistent, intrusive, uncontrollable thoughts

Panic anxiety disorder can be effectively managed

With cognitive-behavioral therapy aimed at reducing fearful thinking and desensitization of cognitive and physical stress responses

PTSD

Women take longer to recover Acute stress disorder and PTSD are precipitated by a traumatic event


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