Chapter 5-7 arch drawing and sketching

Perspective Drawing: Perspective of 3D object with a vanishing point

1-point 2-point 3-point

Metric Scales (common)

1:5, 1:50, 1:500, 1:10, 1:100, 1:1000, 1:20, 1:200

Isometric (Projection)

Horizontal lines are inclined at 30 degrees

oblique (projection),

Horizontal lines are inclined at any degrees (mostly 45)

elevations

In architectural drawings the orientation of a building to the compass points is an important consideration •It helps us to study the effect of solar radiation and other climatic factors on the design.•Therefore we most often name a building elevation after the direction the elevation faces

Multi-view Drawings

Involve the drawing types commonly know as Plan, Elevation and Section. It is also a system of projection that represents an object by projecting lines perpendicular the picture plane.

Building Sections

It opens up the object to reveal internal material, composition or assembly. Used for studying and revealing the relationship between the floors, walls, the roof structure of a building and vertical dimensions. Use to design and communicate the details of a buildings construction.

Heavy

Lines used to delineate the profiles of plan and section cuts

Very Light

Lines used to establish organizing grids or to indicate surface textures

Dashed

Lines used to indicate elements hidden or removed from our view

Medium 1

Lines used to indicate the edges (spatial edges, overlap in space)

Medium 2

Lines used to indicate the intersections of planes (planar corners, intersections of plan)

Light

Lines used to suggest a change in material, color, or texture (surface lines)

Property lines

Long segments separated by two dashed or dots

Section Cut (location)

Major changes in level or height, Stairs, Important window and door opening, skylights, Never slice vertically through columns or posts

Category of Pictorial Systems (Drawings)

Multiview Paraline (drawn for more clarification) Perspective

Riser Thread

R + T = 17" to 18" (ie: Tread 10", Riser 7 ½"•Tread 10 ½", Riser 7 ½"•Tread 12", Riser 6")

Gridlines

Rectangular or radial system of thin solid lines

Centerlines

Thin long segment separated by single dashes or dots

Number of threads + 1 = number of risers

Thread and Riser Formula

Orientation

To _______ the viewer to the surrounding environment, we accompany a floor plan with a north arrow.

(building) Elevations

convey the external appearance of a building. reduce the three-dimensional complexity of an object or a building to two dimension. (Height and either width No dept)

Pictorial Systems

conveying visual images

Solid Lines

delineate the form of objects such as the edge of a plane or the intersection of two planes. The relative weight of a _____________ varies according to its role in conveying depth.

Site Plan

describes the location and orientation of a building on a plot of land (REQUIREMENTS: Legally recorded boundaries, Physical topography of the terrain, Natural site features such as trees and watercourses, Walkways, roadways and courts, Other architectural structures)

¼" = 1'- 0"

each ¼" in the drawing represents a foot in the full-size object or construction.

Elevation Oblique

focus on elevation

Plan Oblique

focus on plan titled at x degrees

Floor Plan

horizontal section of a building as it would appear if cut through by a horizon intersecting plane. (usually depicts an aerial viewpoint that we hardly ever experience except in the "Mind's Eye")

Paraline Drawing: Perspective of a 3D object without a vanishing point

isometric oblique

Roof Plan

most useful when it describes the form and material of the roof or features such as skylight or mechanical housings.

Interior Elevations

normally included in the drawing of building sections, however they may stand alone to illustrate the --------features a room such as built-in furnishings and fixtures

bottom, upward

orient the floor plan with its entrance at the _______ of the drawing so that we can imagine entering the room in an _________ direction.

Poche

outline- black inside-dark gray

Scale of Drawing

proportional reduction in drawing size

Reflected Ceiling Plan

represents what we would see if we placed a large mirror on the floor and looked down at the reflection of the ceiling above.

Multiview Drawing: Viewing a 3D object from different angles

top side front corner