Chapter 5 European State Consolidation in the 17th and 18th Centuries

What were the roots of the prosperous Dutch economy?

High urban consolidation, transformed agriculture, extensive trade and finance, and an overseas commercial empire

Who were the leaders during the Treaty of Dover?

Charles II and Louis XIV

What was the Pragmatic Sanction?

Charles VI'a plan to have his daughter, Maria Theresa, inherit his land and title

Why did Louis XIV build the Palace of Versailles?

He didn't trust Paris and he wanted to keep an eye on the nobles (he housed nobles there)

Who was Jean-Baptise Colbert?

He was an economic minister to Louis XIV and his financial programs made it possible for Louis to raise and maintain a large/powerful army

What did England agree to in the Treaty of Dover?

Convert to Catholicism

What did France agree to do in the Treaty of Dover?

Louis XIV promised to pay a substantial subsidy for Charles II (and England's) conversion

What was the Act of Union in 1707?

Official combination of Scotland becoming England

Who were the Junkers?

Prussian nobility

What ended the Nine Years' War?

The Peace of Ryswick, secured Holland's borders and prevented Louis expanding into Germany

What was the League of Augsburg?

A coalition of English, Spanish, Swedish, German and Dutch troops who fought a series of battles against France - known as the 9 years' war

What is the Petition of Right?

A document that Charles I had to sign in order to be granted new funds that required no forced loans or taxes without Parliament's consent, no free man should be imprisoned without due cause, and troops shouldn't be quartered in private homes

What was the English Bill of Rights?

A document that William and Mary had to abide by in order to have the crown

What was the Test Act?

An oath against transubstantiation(Catholic) passed by Parliament to exclude Roman Catholics from public service and prevent the ascension of James, Duke of York to the throne

When was the House of Orange/William III of Orange summoned?

During military challenges, gave them a dominant leader (although they distrust monarchy)

What was the political layout of the Netherlands?

Each province had considerable authority

What was the Treaty of Dover?

England and France allied against the Dutch, who were their chief commercial competitor

What was the Treaty of Utrecht?

France making peace with England

What did the English Bill of Rights do?

It limited the power of the monarchy and protected the power of parliament( only parliament could raise taxes and laws passed by parliament could not be annulled by the king)

What was the revocation of the Edict of Nantes?

Louis XIV's attempt at making France only Catholic, significantly limited the rights of Protestants in France

Who was the best example of an absolutist in France?

Louis XIV(the 14th)

What was the Petition of Right?

New funds would be given to Charles as long as he agreed to it. It stated no forced loans or taxes without Parliament's consent, no free man should be imprisoned without due cause, and troops should not be quartered in private homes

What is divine right?

Rulers are chosen and given power by god

What was the Act of Settlement?

The English crown would be passed to the Protestant House of Hanover in Germany if Anne died without issue

What was the Netherlands's "central government"?

The Estates General and met in the Hague

Who was mad at the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes?

The French nobility because 2/5 were Hugenot

What differed Netherlands's central government from that of other European nations?

The Netherlands was a republic

Who was William III of Orange?

The chief executive or stadtholder of Holland

What led to economic decline in the Netherlands?

The death of William III of Orange

What was the religious beliefs of the Netherlands?

The official religion was the reformed Calvinist Church, but the Dutch tolerated people of all faiths including Roman Catholics and Jews

Why did Louis XIV have a problem with the Janisits?

They were "Puritan-like Catholics"

What vanished as a result of William III of Orange's death?

Unified political leadership, the provinces didn't allow another stadtholder