Chapter 5 learn smart questions

Which of the following is a general type of project?

- Derivative -Breakthrough - Platform

Which of the following attributes are used to define a project? -Has no specific beginning or end -Required a significant time periods to perform -Directed toward some major output -A series of related jobs

-Required a significant time periods to perform -Directed toward some major output -A series of related jobs

Which of the following is a term used to refer to pieces of work that consume time?

Activity

Shortening the duration of an activity is known as:

crashing

A _______ _______ _______ is a written description of the objectives to be achieved during a project.

statement of work

In the following identification of Activity C, the number represents which of the following? C(4)

the expected duration

The critical path is:

the longest chain of activities in a project.

What term described the group of activities assigned to a single organizational unit?

work package

When there is leeway in when an activity can start, this is referred to as:

slack time

A schedule that completes the project and all its activities as soon as possible is known as an early ________ or early ________ schedule.

start;finish

When a single time estimate of an activity completion time is not reliable, you should use:

three time estimates.

Extending the critical path model to consider the trade-off between activity time and activity cost is known as the:

time-cost model

Earned value management (EVM) has the foundational principle that objectively measuring technical performance is the first step towards:

understanding cost and schedule performance

Which of the following are advantages of the matrix project structure? -Communication between functional areas is enhanced. -Resource duplication is minimized. -Team members report to two bosses. -Team members are less concerned about their future employment after the project is completed.

-Communication between functional areas is enhanced. -Resource duplication is minimized. -Team members are less concerned about their future employment after the project is completed.

If the optimistic estimate for an activity's completion is 3 days and the pessimistic estimate is 15 days, what is the estimated variance (sigma^2) of the activity's completion time?

4 days ((15-3)/6)^2

You have estimated the following times for an activity: a (optimistic time) = 2 days b (pessimistic time) = 12 days m (most likely time) = 4 days What is the expected time (ET) for this activity?

5 days (2 days + 4 days(4) + 12 days)/6

T/F: Earned value management (EVM) can only evaluate the success of a project at the end of the project.

False

T/F: It is not possible to have a process change project that accommodates a large amount of change.

False

T/F: There are relatively few project management software options for practitioners.

False

T/F: Typically, a task is performed by multiple groups or organizations.

False; a task is generally performed by one group or organization.

In a ______ project structure, team members do not report to a dedicated manager but remain part of their functional units.

Functional

One advantage of the __________ project structure is that team members can work on several projects without having to report to multiple project managers.

Functional

Which project organizational structure blends propertied of functional and pure strategies?

Matrix

Which of the following is not a resource considered in project management?

Place

Which of the following is not a motivation for using a late start schedule? -postponing the purchase of materials -postponing the start of the entire project -postponing costs until necessary -postponing use of labor

Postponing the start of the entire project; The late start schedule postpones the start of each activity but does not delay the completion of the entire project.

All of the following are types of project organization structures except: -Process -Functional -Matrix -Pure

Process

T/F: An advantage of a functional project is that team members can work on multiple projects at once.

True

T/F: One advantage of the pure project structure is that the project manager has full authority over the project.

True

T/F: The hierarchy of project tasks, sub-tasks and work packages is known as a work breakdown structure.

True

The early finish time of a task is calculated by _________.

adding the early start and duration.

When calculating activity variance, what is X in the following calculation? (X/6)^2

b - a

Which technique combines measures of scope, schedule and cost for evaluating project progress?

earned value management (EVM)

When three time estimates are used to estimate the activity time, critical path calculation should use the ______ time for each activity.

expected

In a network diagram, the activities that lead directly to another activity are known as ___________ predecessors.

immediate

The costs associated with sustaining a project are referred to as:

indirect costs

The crash-cost per day (or other time unit) is calculated using which of the following formulas?

(CC - NC) / (NT - CT)

Gantt charts show which of the following? -amount of time -project budget -resources -sequences of activities

-amount of time -sequences of activites

What are the steps in the crashing procedure from first to last?

1. Prepare a CPM-type network diagram 2. Determine the cost per unit of time (assume days) to expedite each activity. 3. Compute the critical path. 4. Shorten the critical path at the least cost. 5. Plot project direct, indirect, and total-cost curves and find the minimum-cost schedule.

For a given project, the desired complete time is 35 days. The expected completion time is 30 days and the sum of the variances along the critical path is 16 days. What is the value of Z?

1.25 ((35-30)/Sqrt(16)) ---> 5/4---> 1.25

A specific event that should be reached at a certain point in time are often referred to as?

Project milestone

If you are part of a self-contained project team working full time on a project, you are most likely experiencing the _______ project structure.

Pure

Which of the following is not an advantage of the functional project strucutre?

Team members report to a dedicated project manager; In a functional project structure, team members do not report to a dedicated project manager.