Chapter 5 Notes
List the order of deeper to superficial the five layers of the epidermis.
1. Stratum germinativum or Basale 2.Stratum spinosum 3.Stratum granulosum 4.Stratum lucidum 5.Stratum corneum
Normal scalp loses 1-5 hairs per day.
False
Sweat is 99% made of salt and 1% of water.
False
The thickness of the integumentary system ranges between 1.5 and 4 inches.
False
True
Integumentary system is the body's largest organ.
Keratinocytes start producing __________, which makes our skin tough and water resistant, and __________, which promotes the dehydration of skin cells.
Keratin, Keratohyalin
Holocrine, Apocrine and Merocrine
List the three ways an integumentary gland can secrete its product.
Sebaceous and sudoriferous
List the two types if integumentary glands.
Nail root
Nail production occurs at the __________
Free nail edge or margin
Name the anterior margin of the nail plate that extends beyond the digit.
Melanocytes
Name the cell that gives us color
Epidermal dendritic cells known as Langerhans cells
Name the cell that helps with our immune response
Keratinocytes
Name the most abundant cell in the epidermis.
A soft medulla (central portion), a hard cortex, and a cuticle
Name the three inner components of the hair shaft.
Papillary, reticular
Name the two layers that comprise the dermis.
The hair, nails, the Multicellular Exocrine glands
Name three accessory structures that are part of the integumentary system.
This layer is water resistant and contains 20-30 layers of dead keratinized cells.
Stratum Corneum
Keratinocytes start producing keratin and keratohyalin here. By the time keratinocytes cells reach this layer, most would have stopped dividing.
Stratum Granulosum
This glassy layer is present only in thick skin (palms and soles).
Stratum Lucidum
This layer contains epidermal dendritic cells, also known as Langerhans cells
Stratum Spinosum
This layer contains keratinocytes undergoing mitosis. Melanocytes and Merkel cells are found in this layer.
Stratum germinativum or basale
Nail matrix
The __________consist of a rapidly dividing cellular layer.
Arrector Pili
The __________is a small muscle that attaches to the hair follicle and moves the hair perpendicular.
Shaft
The __________is the part of the hair that protrudes from the epidermis.
Hair bulb, hair papilla
The deepest portion of the hair follicle is made of __________, the inner portion of this structure encompasses the __________.
True
The epidermis is rich in blood vessels and nerves.
A. Adipose tissue
The hypodermis, because of its large amount of __________ acts as an energy reservoir and thermal insulation.
Epidermis, dermis
The integumentary system is made of what two layers?
Root and shaft
The length of the hair proper can be divided into what two components? (Tip: above and below the epidermis)
Hair matrix
The papilla's surrounding layer is composed of the __________.
Dermis
The reticular layer within our __________, contains a network of collagen, reticular, and elastic fibers
False
Thick skin is made of four layers and thin skin is made of three layers.
Sweat has a pH of 4-6.8.
True
Lunula
What is name of the crescent-shaped whitish area of the plate of a fingernail?
The Nail body or plate
What portion of the nail is the visible portion that covers the epidermis or nail bed?
Fat cells
What type of cells make up close to 50% of the hypodermis?
Merocrine or eccrine cells are typical sweat glands found in the palm of hands.
true
Sweat has a pH of 4-6.8.
true