Chapter 5 Quiz

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The amount of energy needed to raise one gram of water one degree Celsius is called

A calorie

energy of activation

is the energy required for molecules to react with each other

Entropy is a term used to indicated the relative amount of

Disorganization

ATP releases energy when____

a phosphate is removed

which of the following is an example of simple diffusion

a sugar cube dissolves in coffee

Requires energy input

active transport

the concentration of calcium in a cell is 3%. the concentration of calcium in the surrounding fluid is 1%. which of the following processes could the cell use to obtain more calcium

active transport

which of these words should be classified separately from the others? osmosis diffusion passive transport active transport facilitated diffusion

active transport

The movement of water across the plasma membrane of a cell is facilitated by

aquaporins channel proteins

which of the following molecules is able to move across the cell membrane by simple diffusion

carbon dioxide

Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis

The active site of an enzyme

is the part of the enzyme where its substrate can fit

Enzymes are usually named based on the substrate that they bind. this is possible because

each type of enzyme binds only one specific substrate

Uses a membrane protein

facilitated diffusion active transport

intestinal cells absorb glucose via active transport. what would happen if all the mitochondria within these international cells were destroyed

glucose absorption would decrease

Seawater is ____ to blood pressure because it contains a(n) ______ concentration of solutes

hypertonic; higher

a patient who is admitted to the hospital shares that she has been taking water pills to help her lose weight. her skin and mucous membranes are dry, and she is complaining of a headache. the physician ask for an IV treatment to be promptly administered. Based on the information given, what would likely be the type of IV solution given to this patient?

hypotonic

during an osmosis experiment, you place some plant cells under the microscope. you notice the cells seem very swollen. what type of solution were the cells immersed in?

hypotonic

ATP is a good source of energy for a cell because

it is versatile- it can be used in many types of reactions Its breakdown is easily coupled with energy requiring reactions It provides just the right amount of energy for cellular reactions

Enzymes are able to speed up the rate of a reaction by

lowering the energy needed for the reaction to proceed

Movement of water across a membrane

osmosis

what process allows water to move across a cell membrane

osmosis

a white blood cell surrounds an engulfs a worn-out red blood cell. this process is called ?

phagocytosis

A coated pit is associated with

receptor-mediated endocytisis

If blood cells are placed in a hypertonic solution, the cells will

shrink due to water loss by the cell

what is the correct list of the order in which energy flows through an ecosystem

solar energy-chloroplasts-mitochondria

Once the substrate moves into the active site of the enzyme

the enzyme alters in shape to more closely fit the substrate.

In the induced fit model of enzyme action,

the enzyme changes shape slightly to accommodate the substrate

A tube with a membrane covering the bottom is placed in a beaker. the membrane allows water to flow through but not salt or glucose. if the tube contains an aqueous solution with 4% salt and 20% glucose and the beaker contains an aqueous solution with 12% salt and 6% glucose, what would happen to the level of the water in the tube

the level of the solution in the tone would rise because there are more dissolved solutes in the tube than the beaker

Considering the ATP cycle, which of the following would have the most potential energy to perform work for cell activities?

ATP

Identify the incorrect statement

ATP consists of an adenine, a sugar, and two phosphates

Why do metabolic pathways require tens to hundreds of different enzymes?

Each enzyme has a specific substrate and produces a specific product.

Which of the following is correct regarding the laws of energy?

Energy cannot be created or destroyed Energy can be changed from one form to another Energy is lost as heat when it is converted from one form to another

Which energy association is correct?

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion.

Enzymes catalyze reactions by

is identical in structure for all enzymes us the part of the enzyme where its substrate can fit


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