chapter 5 test

a giant core of rock anchoring North America and centered on Hudson Bay and James Bay is

Canadian Shield

Quebecois

French-speaking inhabitants of a city in eastern Canada

_________ led the Spanish forces that invaded and conquered the ____________ in Mexico

Hernán Cortés; Aztec

the indigenous people of the Canadian Arctic are known as the

Quebecois

conquistador

a Spanish soldier who participated in the conquest of indigenous peoples of mexico

Aqueduct

a channel or pipeline for moving large quantities of water

vertical climate zone

a climate area that occurs as elevation increases, with its own natural vegetation and crops

suburb

a community lying on the fringes of a metropolitan area

haiti

a country that won its independence in 1804, following a revolt led by François Toussaint-Louverture

patois

a dialect used in everyday speech that blends elements of several languages

cash crop

a farm product grown to be sold or traded

United Provinces of Central America

a former federation that included the present-day countries of Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua

latifundia

a large agricultural estate owned by a family or corporation in Latin America

inuit

a member of the Arctic native peoples of North America;once known as Eskimo

today, more than one-fourth of Canadians identify themselves as being

a mixed ethnic origins.

isthmus

a narrow strip of land that connects two larger land areas

dominion

a partially self-governing country with close ties to another country

mestizo

a person of mixed indigenous and european ancestry

divide

a physical feature that determines the direction of river flow

hot spot

a place on the ocean floor through which magma vents to create an underwater volcano that may grown into an island

hurricane

a powerful tropical storm that forms over warm ocean waters

what is a foreclosure?

a procedure in which a borrower gives up rights to a property due to the inability to repay the loan

Manufacturing Belt

a region in the northeastern and midwestern United States characterized by its heavy industrial concentration

chinook

a seasonal warm wind that blows down the Rockies in late winter and early spring

minifudia

a small farm that produces food chiefly

Tributary

a smaller river or stream that feeds into a larger river

Panama canal

a transportation route opened in 1914 once controlled by the U.S.

emissions in the U.S. can result in _____________ in Canada, threatening timber and water resources.

acid rain

free trade zone

an area of country in which trade restrictions do not apply

which of the following is contributing to desertification in northern Mexico

an increase in drought in recent years

tar sands

an underground layer naturally impregnated with petoleum

Due to heavy natural resource extraction, Canada's ________ has been shrinking.

boreal forest

how does Niagara Falls help contribute to Canada's economy?

by providing a source of hydroelectric power

scientists believe _______ is directly related to climate change and the rising of Earth's temperature.

carbon dioxide

Northern Mexico has a ________ biome in which cacti, shrubs , and shrub oak grow

chaparral

old-growth forest

complex forest that has developed over a long period of time and is relatively untouched by human activity

Northern Mexico has a _________ climate.

dry

timberline

elevation above which it is too cold for trees to grow

the mayor of Mexico City launched programs to reduce pollution in the city by

encouraging more use of bicycles

smog

haze caused by the interaction of ultraviolet solar radiation with chemical fumes from pollution sources

California's Silicon Valley ; Seattle, Washington; and Austin, Texas are urban areas that have become leaders in the _________

high-tech industry

why is water scarcity a growing issue in Mexico?

it has a large and growing population and only a few major rivers and lakes

why is Mexico city considered to be a primate city?

it is the largest city and the political, cultural, and economic center of Mexico

Southern Mexico is a part of a _________ that connects North America and South America

land bridge

Mexico is also a leading _______ producer, which is used to produce much of Mexico's power supply.

petroleum

seismic

relating to or caused by an earthquake

of what precious mineral is Mexico the world's leading producer?

silver

since the 1960's, the population of the Manufacturing Belt has declined while the number of businesses moving to the _________________ has increased

sunbelt

where do the largest concentrations of Asians and Pacific islanders live in the United States?

the Atlantic coast states and Pacific coast states

what joint U.S.-Canadian project reduced pollution in the Nashua River and encouraged the construction of wastewater treatment plants?

the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement

which of the following landforms runs through both the United States and Canada?

the Rocky Mountains

sedimentation

the action or process of forming or depositing eroded material

separatism

the braking away of one part of a country to create a separate, independent country

syncretism

the combining of beliefs and practices from different religions

aquaculture

the cultivation of seafood

land subsidence

the downward shifting of land in response to various natural and human-caused factors

Columbia plateau

the dry area between the Pacific Ranges and Rocky Mountains

fall line

the eastern United States boundary where the elevated Piedmont area drops to the lower Atlantic Coastal Plain

what are the Great Plaines of the United States?

the flat landscape east of the Rocky Mountains

deforestation

the loss or destruction of woodlands, mainly for logging or farming

which of the following statements accurately describes changes in the U.S. economy since the 1950's?

the number of jobs in manufacturing has declined

why is it important to protect wetlands and swamps such as Florida's Everglades?

the provide habitats for a great variety of vegetation and wildlife

population pressure

the sum of factors within a population that reduce the ability of an environment to support the population, therefore resulting in migration or population decline

gross domestic product

the value of goods and services produced within a country in a year

why were the first factories in the United States located along the fall line in the Northeast?

the waterfalls provided power for factories

emigrate

to leave one's own country to create a separate, independent country

due to its large land area, the development of Canada's _________ has been essential to the country's economic growth.

transportation systems

Alaska and Texas

what two U.S. have the largest petroleum reserves?

to help provide energy production in Canada's southern provinces, the Canadian government has begun to explore

wind and solar power