Chapter 6

Research on the efficacy of dietary supplements for improving memory in older adults provides at least some support for:

Antioxidant Vitamins

Students don't always like it when their professors ask them not to text or go on social media during class, saying that it doesn't affect their comprehension of class material. However, based on research, it's fair to say

Everyone performs more poorly after multitasking, though older adults are more affected than young adults.

researchers believe that because older adults form global memories about the knowledge presented to them, they are more likely to recall

False Memories

simple search task, on which older adults perform relatively well, use which type of attentional processing?

Parallel

Although she hasn't made her "famous" recipe for macaroni and cheese in years, your favorite aunt is able to put it together for a pot-luck family gathering without even having to consult her cookbook. This is an example of what type of memory, often preserved in older adults?

Procedural

according the General Slowing Hypothesis proposed by Timothy Salthouse, older people perform more slowly on reaction time tasks because they are experience change

Processing Resources

A 73-year-old woman schedules an appointment with a nurse practitioner for a flu shot. On the day of the appointment, though, she doesn't show up and is embarrassed to get a call from the medical office asking why. This is an example of failure of what type of memory

Prospective

boosting an older individual's memory ________ can help overcome even brain deficits or negative beliefs about aging.

Self-Efficacy

many researchers have observed that older adults have more difficulty with ___________ memory, in which they must hold one item in mind while completing another task

Working

remembering an event from your past, such as your first day in college, falls into the category of

semantic memory

The part of the brain responsible for "thinking" about internally-generated stimuli, such as when you're daydreaming, is known as the:

Default Network

although older airline pilots have fewer fatal accidents than their younger counterparts, researchers report that their performance may be negatively affected by

Disrupted sleep schedules

Researchers studying the relationship between stress and memory performance in older adults suggest that __________________ accounts for the poorer memories of people who report high daily stressors.

Drains on Attentional Resources

the type of exercise most likely to promote cognitive functioning in older adults involves

Functional Training

performing a response as soon as you see a target on the screen is known as ________ reaction time task.

Simple

A woman believes that even a slight memory slip means she is inevitably going "downhill" mentally. This belief suggests that she is high in which identity process?

Accommodation

in focusing on the incoming information needed for a memory test, older adults seem to have difficulty turning off the brain's ______________, which processes internal stimuli

Default Network

recommendations to help older adults improve their driving include which of the following step

Driving during daylight and good weather.

because they have difficulty in working memory, older adults find it more challenging to

Keep information actively in mind.

studies showing the beneficial effects to memory of food in the diet for older adults may biased due to the effects of

Social Status

memory for names by older adults may be poorer due to which factor?

Unfamiliarity with contemporary first names.

U.S. statistics on drivers involved in fatal crashes show that which age group has the highest percentage whose blood alcohol levels are .08g/dL or above

25-34

Research on the efficacy of health behaviors and dietary supplements for improving memory in older adults provides no support for:

Gingko Biloba

Prior to administering a memory test, a research assistant informs the older adult participants that the task is particularly difficult for people 65 years of age and older. Although perhaps unintentional, the research assistant has prompted the older participants to experience:

Stereotype Threat

which of the following patterns of stimuli would be used in a 2-bacl trial testing working memory in older adults where the target letter is F?

T-F-P-F

A 65-year-old woman is concerned that her 77-year-old husband may be experiencing changes in his driving ability. To assess whether this is true, she takes him to a driving assessment lab where, in a simulator, they test him on this key driving skill indicator

Useful Field of View

questions developed by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration in a self-test for older adults drivers include:

Are loved ones concerned?

The role of cognitive resources is given the most emphasis in which theory of aging and attention?

General Slowing

the hormone know as _________ was found, in a Mayo Clinic study, to have potentially beneficial effects on cognition in women

IGF-1

researchers who study the effect of videogames on attentional abilities and speed on long-term young adult players note the need to caution for:

self-selection bias