Chapter 6 Human Sexuality

Although Arnold's doctor has told him he has a normal level of testosterone, Arnold believes his sexual performance will increase if he takes additional testosterone, which he buys on the Internet. Raising his testosterone to an abnormally high level could cause Arnold to experience

-fluid retention -heart attack and/or stroke -hair loss

Which one is NOT true of aphrodisiacs?

Alcohol is one of the readily available and inexpensive aphrodisiacs.

Which of the following statements BEST describes the relationship between estrogens and female sexual motivation and behavior?

At this time, findings are still very contradictory

A 65-year-old man comments that his sexual relationship with his wife is better than it has ever been. To which of the following aspects of his sexual experience would he MOST likely be referring?

Better ejaculatory control as the result of a more prolonged plateau phase

Dennis is a two-pack-a-day smoker. Adam, who is the same age as Dennis, has never smoked. Compared to Adam, Dennis likely

Experiences less sexual response

Which of the following BEST summarizes the role of oxytocin in both male and female sexual behavior?

It is secreted during cuddling and physical intimacy and increases the skin's sensitivity to touch.

The dual control model of sexual response, which maintains that an individual's sexual response results from a balance between excitatory and inhibitory processes, was developed by

John Bancroft and Erick Jannsen

Which of the following has been known to induce priapism (constant, unwanted erection)?

L-dopa

Which of the following statements regarding the refractory period is TRUE?

Length of the refractory period is affected by the frequency of prior sexual activity.

Research indicates that when men and women are asked to write their subjective descriptions of orgasm:

Male and female descriptions are, on the whole, indistinguishable.

Which of the following statements concerning survey findings on orgasm in older women is FALSE?

Most women no longer experience contractions of the orgasmic platform

Which of the following MOST accurately describes the plateau phase?

Physiological reactions become more pronounced.

Which of the following is true regarding the British Broadcasting Corporation study of sexual desire?

Respondents tended to be younger, better educated, and more affluent than the populations of their countries as a whole

Which one is NOT true concerning the four-phase sexual response model?

Secondary sexual areas such as the nipples are not affected.

Which of the following statements concerning the orgasm phase in the aging male is FALSE?

Sensations of ejaculatory inevitability become more intense.

Gwyneth has experienced decreased sexual desire over the past year. Which of the following is the LEAST likely explanation for this?

She receives testosterone therapy.

Sam was diagnosed with hypogonadism at the age of seven years. Which of the following is MOST likely to be true of Sam?

The development of his secondary sex characteristics is likely to be retarded.

With respect to odors and sexual arousal, which one is NOT true?

The odor of genital secretions serves as a sexual stimulant for nearly all people.

Which of the following is NOT a physiosexual change that occurs in the excitement phase of the aging female?

The uterus ceases to elevate.

A woman in her mid-70s is extremely sexually active. Based on what is known about sexuality and older women, which of the following inferences could MOST likely be made?

The woman has probably been sexually active on a regular basis for many years.

Under which of the following circumstances would testosterone replacement therapy probably be LEAST appropriate?

When a woman is satisfied with her level of sexual desire and responsiveness

Which of the following statements regarding the desire phase of sexual response is TRUE?

When people have desire problems, they do not necessarily have excitement and/or orgasm problems

Which of the following statements concerning the Grafenberg spot is TRUE?

When this area is stimulated, some women ejaculate a fluid that is chemically similar to male prostate secretions

According to several researchers, who would be MOST likely to experience multiple orgasms?

Women who are sexually relating to other women.

Even though women produce less testosterone than men, this does not mean that they have lower sex drives. This is BEST explained by which of the following statements?

Women's body cells are more sensitive to testosterone than men's

Substances known to inhibit sexual behavior are called

anaphrodisiacs

A woman has been dating a man for some time who, although he appears to enjoy her company, seems sexually apathetic toward her. Which of the following would MOST likely enhance his sexual desire?

androgens

A rare side effect, spontaneous orgasm, has been documented in both women and men who are taking

antidepressant medications

Human sexual arousal and response

are probably determined by both psychosocial factors and biological factors

When women view visual erotica, ratings of sexual arousal are likely to be higher when

arousal is measured using physiological recording devices

According to the dual control model of sexual response, the SIS process

cerbal cortex

Mental events like fantasies are the product of the ____, the gray matter in the brain that controls reasoning and language abilities

cerebral cortex

Nicotine slows sexual motivation and function by

constricting the blood vessels and decreasing testosterone in the blood

A great deal of evidence indicates that regular use of opiates, such as heroin, morphine, and methadone, often produces a significant, and sometimes dramatic, ____

decrease in sexual interest and activity in both sexes

All of the following are characteristic of plateau phase changes in the aging male EXCEPT:

decreased ejaculatory control

A man never initiates sex with his partner, although when she initiates with him he is sexually responsive (has an erection and eventually ejaculates). According to Kaplan, this man is having difficulty with the ____ phase of sexual response

desire

The stages of Kaplan's model of sexual response are

desire, excitement, orgasm

When Neil is being intimate with David, he feels a rush of euphoria due to an increase in levels of_____ in his body

dopamine

Testosterone is known to stimulate the release of

dopamine in both males and females.

Unfortunately, the rhinoceros population in Africa has dwindled to the point of near extinction, largely as a result of the erroneous belief that rhinoceros horn is a(n)

effective aphrodisiac

Which of the following is the BEST example of vasocongestion?

erection of the penis

The stage in the sexual response cycle in which physical signs of sexual response begin to appear is called the ______ phase

excitement

The stages of Masters and Johnson's model of sexual response are

excitement, plateau, orgasm, resolution

Elsa, who suffers from depression and difficulty controlling impulses, has been taking a medication that increases her level of serotonin. In comparison to before she started the medication, Elsa most likely

experiences less sexual desire

G spot amplification

has the potential to cause scarring, infection, and pain during intercourse

Men who report multiple orgasms

have a variety of ejaculatory patterns for orgasm

Oxytocin is produced in the

hypothalamus

Boomer, a 22-year-old male, has consumed eight beers in the last four hours. Boomer

if he has sex tonight, will likely experience greater sexual performance, particularly erectile capacity, than when he is sober

Which of the following is NOT true of oxytocin?

it is found only in females

All of the following are sexual changes that can occur in females as they age EXCEPT

lack of uterine contractions at orgasm

Functional magnetic resonance imaging has demonstrated increased activity especially in the _____ during sexual arousal.

limbic system

Tuan has a low testosterone level. Most likely, Tuan experiences

little interest in sexual activity

Raoul is 76 years old. Raoul

may experience erections that are not as firm as when he was younger

Seth, a 33-year-old male, smokes marijuana every day. Seth

may perceive that a sexual encounter is lasting a long time because of how marijuana can distort a person's sense of time

Sexual facial grimaces are an example of:

myotonia

The research of Masters and Johnson suggests that physiologically speaking, there is/are

one kind of orgasm in females

The medical term for castration is

orchidectomy

____ is the shortest phase of the Masters and Johnson's sexual response cycle

orgasm

Both the ____ and ____ produce androgens in the female body

ovaries; adrenal glands

Autistic children, who commonly exhibit a reduced ability to form social attachments and express love, often have significantly reduced levels of:

oxytocin

____ is sometimes referred to as the "love" hormone

oxytocin

Current research evidence seems to indicate that humans do secrete ____, yet it is still uncertain whether or not they act as sexual attractants.

pheromones

Engorgement and elevation of the testes becomes more pronounced during

plateau

Women who become highly aroused but never achieve orgasm do not move beyond the ____ stage of sexual response

plateau

The breasts, inner thighs, neck, and mouth are all examples of

primary erogenous zones

The mouth and the genitals are examples of ____ erogenous zones, while the upper and lower back are examples of ____ erogenous zones

primary; secondary

A pituitary hormone secreted copiously following orgasm in both sexes is known as

prolactin

Excess testosterone can stimulate the growth of preexisting

prostate cancer

Information on the impact of testosterone on male sexuality has been obtained from all of the following EXCEPT

research on limbic system stimulation

If a person's shoulder were consistently stroked during each pleasurable sexual experience, it would soon become a source of sexual arousal. This part of the body would then be MOST appropriately labeled a

secondary erogenous zone

Many antihypertensives, drugs used for treating high blood pressure, have been experimentally demonstrated to

seriously inhibit erection and ejaculation.

A pink or red rash that can appear on the chest or breasts during sexual arousal is known as

sex flush

One of the problems in using drugs such as Depo-Provera to treat sex offenders is that

sexual assaults may occur as the result of nonsexual motives.

When hormone replacement therapy is administered to hypogonadal men, ____

sexual interest and activity often increase.

Couples are especially likely to engage in long periods of foreplay, with the goal of producing intense sexual arousal, in

societies with Eastern traditions

Oral sex is likely to be viewed as unnatural or disgusting in

southern regions of Africa

Androgens and estrogens belong to the general class of hormones called

steroids

In men, the primary source of androgens is the ____, while the ____ is/are where the remaining androgens are produced.

testes; adrenal glands

Imani has little interest in sexual activity, which is beginning to cause problems in her relationship. If she wants to increase her level of sexual desire, Imani is MOST likely to benefit from

testosterone replacement therapy

The fact that some women have claimed to experience orgasm while listening to their favorite musician at a concert can be attributed to

the capacity of their brains to engage in fantasy

Which of the following occurs MOST frequently in the plateau phase?

the development of the orgasmic platform

Sexual practices are interwoven with the spiritual traditions of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Taoism in some Asian societies. In these cultures the primary goal of sexual interaction is

the extension of sexual arousal for long periods of time, often several hours

Which of the following influences the duration of the refractory period in a male?

the frequency of previous sexual activity

Of the main senses, ____ tends to predominate during sexual intimacy

touch

Freud's theory of orgasm held that ____ orgasm was more mature, and thus more preferable, than ____ orgasm

vaginal; clitoral

____ is the engorgement of blood vessels in particular body parts in response to sexual arousal

vasocongestion

In one study, the majority of older men reported that orgasm was ____ in their sexual experiences.

very important

Which of the following drugs may eventually be shown to have aphrodisiac qualities for at least some people?

yohimbine hydrochloride