Chapter 6 - Lab: Overview of the Skeleton

__________ are the telescoping tubes of matrix (concentric lamellae) with their central canals that form a large part of compact bone.

Osteons

Bones of the skeleton are connected at junctions called ___________

articulations

The skeleton is constructed of two types of tissue, __________

bone and cartilage

The center of the osteon is called the _________

central (Haversian) canal

What bone belongs to the appendicular skeleton?

clavicle

Bones are somewhat flexible due to ____________

collagen fibers in the matrix

What bone looks smooth and homogeneous?

compact

A long bone consists of a shaft composed of __________ and an end composed of ________

compact bone; spongy bone covered by compact bone

What is the periosteum?

composed of dense irregular connective tissue along with a layer of simple squamous epithelium

What is an attachment site for muscles or ligaments?

crest

The shaft of a long bone is known as the _______

diaphysis

This membrane lines the shaft of long bones, and covers the trabeculae of spongy bone.

endosteum

The epiphyses of long bones are ________

filled with spongy bone

What bones are generally thin and have a layer of spongy bone between two layers of compact bone?

flat

What bone markings help form joints?

head

This is the most common type of skeletal cartilage.

hyaline

This type of cartilage attaches ribs to the sternum.

hyaline

What kind of tissue comprises the epiphyseal plate of bones?

hyaline cartilage

What tissue type replaces periosteum on the ends of articulating bones?

hyaline cartilage

Vertebrae belong to this category of bones.

irregular

A trochanter is a ___________

large, irregularly-shaped projection

What are lamellae?

layers of bony matrix synthesized by osteoblasts during bone growth and maintenance

The _________ is the storage area for yellow marrow in an adult bone.

medullary cavity

The structural unit of compact bone is the ________

osteon

An example of a sesamoid bone is the ________

patella

Which fibers are "stressed" (pulled upon) in periostitis?

perforating fibers

The diaphysis of a long bone is covered by _________

periosteum

What is NOT a function of the skeleton?

production of melanin

What bone belongs to the axial skeleton?

sternum

In addition to supporting and protecting the body, the skeleton provides this function as well.

the bones store fat, red marrow, and calcium

True or False? Cartilage has a covering made of dense connective tissue called a periosteum.

False

This type of cartilage has the greatest strength and is found in the knee joint and intervertebral discs is __________

fibrocartilage