Chapter 6 - Lab: Overview of the Skeleton
__________ are the telescoping tubes of matrix (concentric lamellae) with their central canals that form a large part of compact bone.
Osteons
Bones of the skeleton are connected at junctions called ___________
articulations
The skeleton is constructed of two types of tissue, __________
bone and cartilage
The center of the osteon is called the _________
central (Haversian) canal
What bone belongs to the appendicular skeleton?
clavicle
Bones are somewhat flexible due to ____________
collagen fibers in the matrix
What bone looks smooth and homogeneous?
compact
A long bone consists of a shaft composed of __________ and an end composed of ________
compact bone; spongy bone covered by compact bone
What is the periosteum?
composed of dense irregular connective tissue along with a layer of simple squamous epithelium
What is an attachment site for muscles or ligaments?
crest
The shaft of a long bone is known as the _______
diaphysis
This membrane lines the shaft of long bones, and covers the trabeculae of spongy bone.
endosteum
The epiphyses of long bones are ________
filled with spongy bone
What bones are generally thin and have a layer of spongy bone between two layers of compact bone?
flat
What bone markings help form joints?
head
This is the most common type of skeletal cartilage.
hyaline
This type of cartilage attaches ribs to the sternum.
hyaline
What kind of tissue comprises the epiphyseal plate of bones?
hyaline cartilage
What tissue type replaces periosteum on the ends of articulating bones?
hyaline cartilage
Vertebrae belong to this category of bones.
irregular
A trochanter is a ___________
large, irregularly-shaped projection
What are lamellae?
layers of bony matrix synthesized by osteoblasts during bone growth and maintenance
The _________ is the storage area for yellow marrow in an adult bone.
medullary cavity
The structural unit of compact bone is the ________
osteon
An example of a sesamoid bone is the ________
patella
Which fibers are "stressed" (pulled upon) in periostitis?
perforating fibers
The diaphysis of a long bone is covered by _________
periosteum
What is NOT a function of the skeleton?
production of melanin
What bone belongs to the axial skeleton?
sternum
In addition to supporting and protecting the body, the skeleton provides this function as well.
the bones store fat, red marrow, and calcium
True or False? Cartilage has a covering made of dense connective tissue called a periosteum.
False
This type of cartilage has the greatest strength and is found in the knee joint and intervertebral discs is __________
fibrocartilage