Chapter 6- Management
What is the one of the reasons why an organization would have organizational goals?
to set a unified direction for employees
Which of the following is the starting point of ensuring commitment to the goal setting process for organizational goals and plans?
top management support and communication
What does proper execution of tactical plans depend on?
vertical and horizontal communication
What occurs when goals are consistent up and down the organization, and strategic, tactical, and operational goals agree with one another?
vertical consistency
Which type of goals are set by and for lower-level managers?
operational
A line manager at a brewery sets a target for the minimum number of beer cartons that have to be shipped out by the end of each day. This is an example of a(n) ____.
operational goal
A(n) ____ for Choice Waste Management could be to include a flyer in each bill that explains the Do's and Don'ts of Recycling and to put the information on the web page where customers pay online. It would develop naturally out of a tactical goal seeking "to develop a recycling campaign for rural communities of less than 1,000 customers."
operational plan
Tariq knows the production levels he wants to achieve this week and for the next three months. What does Tariq need to use when he determines the schedules of his employees?
operational plan
What is the proper managerial response when there are conflicts among goals in different parts of an organization?
optimization
What involves balancing and reconciling possible conflicts among goals?
optimizing
A(n) ____ of Choice Waste Management could be to expand operations in two more countries this year.
strategic goal
Which of the following directly follows from the organization's mission?
strategic goals
Which of the following would be most likely to cause employees to ignore intermediate- and long-term planning?
strong emphasis on short-term goals such as quarterly profits
Middle managers are most closely associated with organizational plans at the ____ level.
tactical
Plans that have an intermediate time horizon and are concerned with getting things done are called ____ plans.
tactical
Starbucks' middle managers who are responsible for joint venture agreements with bookstores, hotels, and airports work from a(n) ____ plan.
tactical
The strategic goal set forth by Central Ice Machine Company was to be the leading seller of ice machine replacement parts in the United States. As part of its ____ plan, it set up distribution contracts with six manufacturers of refrigeration units.
tactical
What must a manager understand before beginning the planning process?
tactical goals
Which of the following focuses primarily on people and action?
tactics
What is the first step that a manager should take in executing a tactical plan?
Evaluate every possible course of action in light of the goal it is intended to reach.
Two of Dharma's facilities are located in areas that are very volatile. Dharma has established long-range plans for all of her facilities, but what must managers at these two volatile facilities take extra care to do?
Allow senior leadership at the home location to make decisions.
What is the difference between a standard operating procedure (SOP) and rules and regulations?
An SOP typically describes a sequence of activities, whereas rules and regulations focus on one activity.
Which of the following is the BEST example of a single-use plan?
The plan to build an aquatic center for the Olympics games.
Zereth uses management by objectives with her employees. Her employees are evaluated and rewarded based on how their performance relates to the achievement of those objectives. What does management by objectives allow Zereth and her staff to accomplish that other goal setting methods do not?
Concurrent goal setting and planning processes.
What is the first step in developing contingency plans?
Considering contingency events when developing strategic, tactical, and operational plans.
Due to an explosion at a supplier's plant, L'Meese will no longer be able to achieve goals set by her division manager. What should L'Meese remember about goals?
Goals are targets, not absolute objectives.
Bonafide Fresh offers an expanding brand of personal care products that are made with all-natural ingredients. The company has an organizational goal to increase the number of product lines that it offers. Which of the following is the best example of a tactical plan for achieving this objective?
Increasing efforts over the next year to develop a line of children's skin protection products.
Jewel often uses standing plans while managing inventory levels and ordering within her organization. Why are standing plans effective for this process?
Inventory and ordering occur regularly.
Which of the following is an example of an intermediate-range plan?
Reduce employee absenteeism by 20 percent within the next two years.
Ahmed is responding to a situation that does not happen often. He talked with a colleague about how to resolve the issue. When a colleague suggested Ahmed change his tactical plan, he did not. Why wouldn't Ahmed change his tactical plan to resolve this situation?
Tactical plans address several goals.
How do tactical plans differ from strategic plans?
Tactical plans focus on people and action.
Which of the following circumstances would most likely result in the use of a planning task force to help develop plans?
There is a special circumstance to be addressed.
What makes a goal inappropriate?
They are unattainable.
Which of the following is true of strategic goals?
They focus on broad, general issues.
Which of the following is true of tactical plans?
They must specify resources and time frames.
Why do operational plans tend to be narrowly focused with short time horizons?
They support tactical goals.
Why is it important that those responsible for achieving goals have a voice in developing them?
They will be more committed to plans they have helped shape.
Why is it important that a manager continuously monitor ongoing activities tied to a tactical plan?
To ensure they achieve desired results.
How can organizations make the best use of goal setting and the goal setting processes?
Understand the purpose of goals and planning.
Weather Watches, a watch manufacturing company, faces a lot of problems while planning and setting goals as its competitors' technology is constantly developing. It too has to upgrade the technology it uses to keep up with its competitors. Which of the following barriers to goal setting and planning does Weather Watches face?
a dynamic and complex environment
The most likely reason for the failure of formal goal setting is ____.
a lack of top management support
What is used to explain the fundamental, unique purpose that sets a business apart from other firms of its type?
a mission statement
What is used to outline the organization's purpose, premises, values, and directions?
a mission statement
Pallavi knows that if she is able to achieve the goals set by her manager, she is likely to receive a bonus. In this case, what does the setting of goals serve as for Pallavi?
a source of motivation
A year before the census, the federal government hired tens of thousands of temporary workers to prepare for the count. This is an example of a(n) ____ plan.
action
You just wrote a short-range plan in support of an intermediate plan. You based this plan on your best estimate of future environmental conditions. What kind of plan did you write?
action
Decision making is the process of _____.
adopting one course of action as opposed to others
Tactical plans ____.
are an organized sequence of steps designed to execute strategic plans
The responsibility for establishing corporate mission and strategy lies with the ____.
board of directors
What is the essence of formal goal setting?
collaborative planning
Which type of planning is the process by which managers identify alternative courses of action that the organization might follow if various conditions arise?
contingency
In the event of a disaster or other unexpected calamity, where can a plan with procedures for handling the disaster be found?
crisis management
What is considered to be the cornerstone of planning?
decision making
Horizontal consistency of goals means that ____.
goals should be consistent from one department to the next
Mikel is a middle-level manager who is in the process of determining goals and objectives for his managers. He has set goals he feels are necessary to achieve the strategic goals given to him. Which of the following will these goals focus on?
how to operationalize actions
The owners of the Pizza Place set a goal of expanding into five new markets over the next three years. What kind of goal is this?
intermediate-range
When we identify strategic, tactical, and operational goals, we are classifying them by ____.
level
Who is responsible for identifying, analyzing, and recommending program alternatives; developing and submitting budgets; and finally putting plans into action?
line managers
The ____ of the National Park Service is " to conserve the scenery and the national and historic objects and the wildlife therein and to provide for the enjoyment of the same in such a manner and by such means as will leave them unimpaired for the enjoyment of future generations."
mission statement
Which types of events are used in the contingency-planning process?
only those that will impact the organization
Goals set for short-term issues are called ____.
operational
Starbucks' store managers decide how to customize snacks to the local market. They create the ____ plan.
operational
To increase sales of bread mixes, the marketing department developed a discount coupon that is placed on the outside of each bread mix box. Which type of plan was this?
operational
ETS runs a math, science, and technology competition each year for high school students. If plagiarism is suspected, ETS uses a ____, which specifies ETS's general response to the situation.
policy
What is a standing plan that specifies the organization's general response to a designated problem or situation?
policy
The exact description of how specific activities are to be carried out would be found in which type of plan?
rule and regulations
Raj has empowered his senior managers and asked them to increase profitability by 20 percent over the next five years. What has Raj set for his senior managers?
strategic goal
A single-use plan for a large set of activities is called a ____.
program
Aviva and her department are planning an elaborate six-month campaign to distribute samples to a wide variety of retail and restaurant outlets for the purpose of increasing brand identity. Which type of single-use plan will Aviva's department use to accomplish this goal?
program
A single-use plan that has a more narrow scope than a program is called a(n) ____.
project
Darien wants to introduce a new product within the organization's existing product line. Which type of plan should he use to do so?
project
Dorothy Thompson heads the research and development laboratory at a small chemical company. Because she is not a chemist, she feels uneasy setting goals for the research chemists, so she asks them to set their own goals. Thompson's area suffers from which of the following barriers to goal setting and planning?
reluctance to establish goals
While Tupperware wanted to increase its sales, its consultants were reluctant to support any change that could reduce their commissions. This is an example of which of the following barriers to goal setting and planning?
resistance to change
Junhua has been working toward his goals, but a change in the market has created conflict between the goals. He is unsure which goals he should now pursue. What should Junhua to balance his goals?
review all operational plans
At Montazar's organization, there is a specific start time, and all employees must be at work on time and ready to be at their workstation. This allows for a smooth transition between shifts. Which type of plan narrowly focuses on specific activities such as start times?
rules and regulations
In order for a tactic to be successful, what must it include?
specific resources and time frames
When training new salespeople, Dezmon teaches the employees a step-by-step process, and the sequence of activities, for qualifying prospects and arranging credit. What does Dezmon use to facilitate this process so he is certain the correct steps are followed in the correct order, every time?
standard operating procedure
Willa's department is launching an online ordering system for retail and restaurant accounts. The new system simplifies and clearly outlines the steps to be followed from sales inquiry to final order payment. Which type of standing plan will be used to enhance the ongoing efficiency of the order management process?
standard operating procedure
Canine Companions for Independence trains service dogs. Every two months a new batch of eighteen-month-old dogs arrives at regional headquarters from the puppy raiser volunteers. The dogs begin six months of advanced training before they are placed with a person. Training the dogs requires ____ as the dogs practice the commands.
standard operating procedures
The two most common types of operational plans are ____.
standing and single use
When developing tactical plans, what should be included so they can be properly executed?
step-by-step processes
Executives at Lululemon Athletica have just written a plan to develop and fund a new product line. This will give them a competitive advantage and the new product line will have a synergistic effect when combined with current products. What kind of plan is this?
strategic
Goals developed by top managers that address broad issues in the organization are ____ goals.
strategic
Google wanted to compete more effectively against Apple, so it offered to buy Motorola Mobility. This is an example of a(n) ____ plan.
strategic
Which type of plans are an organized sequence of steps designed to execute strategic plans?
tactical
A(n) ____ for Choice Waste Management could be "to develop a recycling campaign for rural communities of less than 1000 customers." It would develop naturally out of a strategic goal seeking "to increase recycling by 10% everywhere."
tactical goal
According to the planning process described in the text, operational plans flow directly from ____.
tactical plans
What is the basis for operational plans?
tactical plans
Which type of plans are the broad plans developed by top managers and the board of directors to guide the general direction of the organization?
strategic
What does the ultimate success of a tactical plan depend on?
the way it is carried out
Which of the following organizations would face the most difficulty in developing long-range plans?
those with dynamic, complex environments
Different kinds of goals are set by ____.
time frame, area, and level
Which type of plans are the organizational plans that are broadest in focus and have the longest time frame?
strategic
Raphael has set a goal of improving employee satisfaction by 10 percent over the next year. Why might this goal be inappropriate?
It is difficult to quantify.
Bhavik used management by objectives to set goals for his department and clearly communicated goals to all of his employees. However, very few of his employees actually achieved their goals. Why might have Bhavik's goal setting process failed?
Lack of top management support.
Why is it important that organizations do not place too much emphasis on short-term performance?
Long term goals will be ignored.
Rebeya is setting goals with the executive team of her organization. These goals include financial and productivity goals, as well as environmental and sustainability goals. Which type of goals is Rebeya establishing?
strategic
What are the primary inputs for developing tactical goals?
strategic goals
The top leaders in the organization where Neal works have established a strategy that involves increasing the marketing budget to grow sales. Neal is the head of the marketing department, and it is his job to develop a plan that flows from and is consistent with the strategic plan. What type of plan will Neal work to develop?
tactical
When an earthquake struck, office buildings began to evacuate people. Because building evacuations have happened before, most office buildings have ____ for this type of event.
a standard operating procedure
One problem with qualitative goals is that they ____.
are difficult to measure and thus are not good indicators of success or failure
Goals are classified according to their ____, such as marketing, finance, and production, and may include issues of quality, productivity, and innovation.
area
