Chapter 6

12. An example of a dissociation is evidenced by a brain-injured patient who

exhibits a recency effect but no primacy effect.

7. Murdoch's remembering a list experiment described the serial position curve and found that memory is best for the _____ of a list.

first five and last five words

23. Two types of declarative memory are ____ and _______ memory.

episodic; semantic

13. The dramatic case of patient H.M. clearly illustrates that _____ is crucial for the formation of LTMs.

the hippocampus

34. Your text discusses how episodic and semantic memories are interconnected. This discussion revealed that when we experience events

the knowledge that makes up semantic memories is initially attained through a personal experience based in episodic memory.

37. The defining characteristic of implicit memory is that

we are not conscious we are using it.

8. You've now learned about the serial position curve. The relevant research in your text described this curve using a free recall task (participants are free to recall words in any order they choose). Imagine that you conduct a "remembering a list" experiment using a serial recall task (participants must recall words in the same order they were presented). What would you predict for the results with the serial recall task?

A diminished recency effect, relative to free recall.

19. A study participant is given a list of words to remember. One week later, he recalls the list. Let's say that one of the list words was PEAR. Which of the following, none of which actually appeared on the list, would be most likely incorrectly recalled if the participant doesn't remember PEAR?

APPLE.

48. Why is classical conditioning considered a form of implicit memory?

Because it is involves learning an association without being aware of the reasons behind it.

41. Which task below would most likely be used to test for implicit memory?

Completing a word for which the first and last letter have been supplied.

10. Regarding free recall of a list of items, which of the following will most likely cause the recency effect to disappear?

Counting backward for 30 seconds before recall.

42. An item on an implicit memory test would most likely resemble which of the following?

Fill in the following with the first word that comes to mind: T__E"

25. Which of the following is an example of a semantic memory?

I remember the big island of Hawaii has many active volcanos.

27. Which of the following is NOT an example of semantic memory?

I remember the day we learned about how talking on cell phones can impair driving ability.

4. Which of the following would most likely be a detailed LTM?

I was talking to that girl just before class.

1. A patient suffering from Korsakoff's syndrome, such as Jimmy G who is described in your text, would be able to perform which of the following activities without difficulty?

Identifying a photograph of his childhood home

6. The primacy effect (from the serial position curve experiment) is associated with

LTM

15. Which of the following is NOT a conclusion from the case of H.M., who has an operation to help alleviate his epileptic seizures?

LTMs are stored in the hippocampus.

36. Imagine that the students described below are all taking a multiple choice test. Which student's behavior best describes an example of implicit memory?

One student comes to a question for which he is unsure of the answer, but choice b seems familiar so he decides that it must be right.

45. Which of the following involves procedural memory?

Reading a sentence in a book.

14. Your book discusses the memory functioning of patient H.M. who underwent brain surgery to relieve severe epileptic seizures. H.M's case has been extremely informative to psychologists by demonstrating that

STM can operate normally while LTM is impaired.

22. Which of the following is NOT an example of an implicit memory?

Semantic memory.

26. The following statement represents what kind of memory? "The Beatles stopped making music together as a group in the early 1970s"

Semantic.

47. Which of the following is most closely associated with implicit memory?

The propaganda effect.

2. The inability to assimilate or retain new knowledge is known as

anterograde amnesia.

18. Neuropsychological evidence indicates that STM and LTM probably

are caused by different mechanisms that act independently.

35. Ming is taking a memory test. She is more likely to recall the name of a popular singer if she had

attended the singers concert last year with her boyfriend.

16. Carrie answers her phone with "Hello?" A response, "Hi, Carrie!" comes from the other end of the line. Carrie responds back with "Hi, Dad!" Carrie processed "Hi, Carrie" using an

auditory code in LTM.

39. Jocelyn is in an experiment where she is presented words representing categories. She is presented the word "furniture" in an earlier trial, which makes it easier for her later to recall the word "chair" because of the similarity of meaning. Jocelyns memory enhancement for "chair" due to seeing the word "furniture" illustrates

conceptual priming.

33. Knowing the capital of Cali, but not being able to remember when you first learned it, is an example of how

episodic memory can be a "gateway" to semantic memory.

20. We are conscious of ____ memories.

declarative

21. Explicit memory is to ____ as implicit memory is to ____.

declarative; nondeclarative

28. "I remember being really excited last year, when my college team won the national championship in basketball." This statement is an example of ______ memory.

episodic

30. Phoebe steps up to the golf all and hits it down the fairway. She see that the ball is heading towards someone, so she yells "Fore!" After her two partners hit their balls, they pick up their bags and start walking to the next hole. But Phoebe says, "Wait a minute, I haven't teed off yet." This behavior shows that Phoebe has a problem with _____ memory.

episodic

11. The recency effect occurs when participants are asked to recall a list of words. One way to get rid of the recency effect is to

have participants count backwards for 30 seconds after hearing the last word of the list.

40. Memory enhancement due to repetition priming is a result of t

he test stimulus being the same or resembling the priming stimulus.

44. Work with brain-injured patients reveals that________ memory does not depend on conscious memory.

implicit and procedural

9. When investigating the serial position curve, presenting the word list at a slower pace

increase the primacy effect.

31. Your text describes an "Italian woman" who, after an attack of encephalitis, had difficulty remembering people or facts she knew before. She could, however, remember her life events and daily tasks. Her memory behavior reflects

intact episodic memory but defective semantic memory.

29. K.C, who was injured in an accident, remembers facts like the difference between a strike and a space in bowling, but he is unaware of experiencing things like hearing about the circumstances of his brothers death, which occurred two years before the accident. His memory behavior suggests

intact semantic memory but defective episodic memory.

24. One of the defining properties of the experience of episodic memory is that it involves

mental time travel

5. The primacy effect is attributed to

recall of info stored in LTM.

43. This multiple choice question is an example of a ______ test.

recognition

32. A patient with impaired episodic memory would most likely have the greatest difficulty in

remembering where a best friend had moved.

38. In the movie Groundhog Day, Bill Murray's character grows frustrated as he experiences the same day in his life over and over again. With each "passing" day, he is able to respond to people's actions more and more quickly because of

repetition priming.

3. Loss of memory for things that have happened in the past is known as

retrograde amnesia.

17. The predominant type of coding in LTM is

semantic

46. The propaganda effect demonstrates that we evaluate familiar statements as being true

simply because we have been exposed to them before.