Chapter 6 Organizational behavior Smartbook stuff

A(n) blank is a set of tasks performed by one person.

Blank 1: job

Which of the following is an individual reward?

Commission

Companies should seek to improve the pay-performance linkage by utilizing subjective performance measures in reward systems.

False

An individual reward system in which employees earn compensation based upon sales volume is referred to as

commission

The process of assigning tasks to a job, including the interdependency of those tasks with other jobs, is known as job

design

The practice of adding tasks to an existing job is known as job

enlargement

Alyssa works in the accounting department for a large automotive parts supplier. During the first week of each month, she works in Accounts Payable. During the second week, she works in Accounts Receivable, and then in Payroll in the third week. This enables her to have skills in multiple areas and gives her employer more staffing flexibility. This practice is referred to as job

rotation

The practice of moving employees from one job to another is referred to as job _____

rotation

Which model identifies core job dimensions that produce psychological states which then affect employees' motivation, satisfaction, and effectiveness?

Job characteristics model

True or false: Job specialization can lead to lower work quality.

True

True or false: Self-leadership is dependent on both the individual and the situation.

True

The practice of adding tasks to an existing job is known as job ______

enlargement

People in countries that have ______ tend to have high levels of respect and priority for money.

high power distance

The subdivision of work into separate jobs assigned to different people is referred to as job

specialization

The subdivision of work into separate jobs assigned to different people is referred to as job blank

specialization

Which rewards system motivates employees to learn new skills?

Competency-based

Which of the following is the BEST description of scientific management?

Dividing a job into small elements and assigning those tasks to employees who are best qualified to perform them.

Which of the following are organizational and work-context factors that influence psychological empowerment?

Establishing a learning orientation culture Providing easy access to needed information and resources Trusting employees and be willing to take the risks that empowerment creates

According to the job characteristics model, skill variety, task significance, and task identity directly contribute to which critical psychological state?

Meaningfulness

Employees are much more likely to experience which element of empowerment when they are working in jobs with a high degree of autonomy and minimal bureaucratic control?

Self-determination

______ is the practice of intentionally influencing your thoughts, feelings and behaviors in order to achieve your objectives.

Self-leadership

Your professor has provided several practice assignments to help you prepare for the final exam. These assignments provide you with immediate feedback on your mastery of the concepts and enables which element of self-leadership?

Self-monitoring

Which of the following core job characteristics contribute to the job's meaningfulness?

Task significance Skill variety Task identity

Alexis works as a receptionist at a large dental practice. She schedules patient appointments, makes reminder calls, and sends out cards reminding patients to schedule checkups. Her job has been redesigned so that she also enters payments in the accounting system. This is an example of job

enlargement

Job______ involves systematically rating the worth of jobs within an organization by measuring the skills, effort, responsibility and working conditions of the jobs.

evaluation

According to the job characteristics model, there are ______ core job characteristics that affect critical psychological states which in turn influence work outcomes.

five

Team rewards are better than individual rewards when employees work in highly blank jobs.

interdependent

Team-based rewards are most appropriate when ___.

job results rely on the cooperative effort of multiple people jobs are highly interdependent

According to a number of studies, men and women view the meaning of money differently in that ______.

men view money as a symbol of status

Many agricultural workers are paid based on how many buckets or bags they pick of whatever crop they harvest. This is known as a blank system.

piece rate

Benefits of job specialization include

reduced training time more effective job-person matching shorter cycle time

You hate to balance your checkbook every month, so you decide that you'll spend some time playing your favorite online game when you're done. This instance is an example of

self-reinforcement

At an automotive assembly plant, one worker tightens the bolts on a windshield wiper assembly, and the vehicle moves along the assembly line to the next worker, who then fastens the blades to the wiper assembly. This is an example of job

specialization

Tasha works at a start-up company, and there are few written procedures that guide the completion of her job. As a result, she often has to rely on her own judgment rather than written guidelines to decide how to complete her work. Based on this description, it would appear that Tasha has a job with low

task analyzability

Closely related to the core job characteristic of skill variety is ______, the predictability or pattern of job duties from one day to the next.

task variability

According to the job characteristics model, what characteristic most directly contributes to the psychological state of responsibility?

Autonomy

According to the job characteristics model, which of the following contributes directly to a feeling of increased responsibility?

Autonomy

After studying for her final exam all afternoon, Kate decided to reward herself by going out for some frozen yogurt. This instance is an example of

self-reinforcement

Before she starts the cumulative final exam in her organizational behavior course, Rachel tells herself, "You're ready. You know this stuff. You can ace this test." This is an example of

self-talk

The job characteristics model identifies five core job characteristics: skill variety, task identity, task significance, job feedback, and

Blank 1: autonomy or job autonomy

A perceptual and emotional state in which people experience more self-determination, meaning, competence, and impact regarding their role in the organization is known as blank blank

Blank 1: psychological Blank 2: empowerment

Most job evaluation methods use three criteria to determine the "worth" of a job within the organization: the skill/effort required, working conditions, and level of blank

Blank 1: responsibility, responsibilities, or responsibilty

Alonzo works in a factory. He was hired at $10 per hour but can increase his pay as he masters new units in the production process. Which reward system is being applied at Alonzo's factory?

Competency-based rewards

Self-leadership behaviors are more frequently found in people with higher levels of which dimensions of the Five Factor Model (FFM)?

Conscientiousness Extroversion

True or false: Employees always value monetary rewards over other forms of reward.

False

Which statements are true about self-leadership?

It can improve results in physical tests. It produces good results across cultures. It can help workers self-monitor safety practices.

Which of the following are true of job specialization? (Check all that apply.)

It may have a negative effect on worker motivation. It can result in absenteeism and turnover. It improves the mechanical efficiency of work.

The term "golden handcuffs" is most applicable to which of the following types of rewards?

Membership/seniority-based rewards

Which of the following rewards represents the largest portion of most individuals' paychecks?

Membership/seniority-based rewards

If a company wished to align rewards with performance that is within an employee's control, which of the following rewards would be most appropriate?

Rewarding factory employees for meeting production output standards

The dimension of empowerment in which employees are confident about their ability to perform the work well and grow with new challenges is

competence

Tyler works for a financial services firm as a customer service representative. When he earned his certification in customer service, he earned a raise. He went on to achieve his FLMI designation and received another raise. This is an example of a ______ rewards system.

competency-based

Several studies have suggested that ______ improve individual performance in sports-related activities.

constructive thought patterns

Jamal is a customer service representative at a local credit union. He has been handling customer deposits and disbursements. His job has changed so that he can now assist customers with completing loan applications, and he has the authority to approve small, short-term loans. This is an example of job

enrichment

Job ______ is the practice of giving employees more responsibility for scheduling, coordinating, and planning their own work.

enrichment

Employee-of-the-Month winners at Davenport Properties can choose from a set of rewards, including a cash bonus, paid time-off, or a gift certificate at a local restaurant. This improves reward effectiveness by

ensuring the rewards are valued

Research suggests that self-leadership behaviors are more frequently found in people with higher levels of conscientiousness and

extroversion

Systematically partitioning work into its smallest elements and standardizing tasks to achieve maximum efficiency is referred to as

scientific management

The process of influencing yourself to establish the self-direction and self-motivation needed to perform a task is referred to as

self-leadership

The process of keeping track of your progress towards a goal by using naturally occurring feedback is known as

self-monitoring

To shore up her confidence before an important presentation, Janeen tells herself, "You know more about this subject than anyone else in the room. Get out there and prove it." This is an example of

self-talk

The job design model that relates the motivational properties of jobs to specific personal and organizational consequences of those properties is known as

the job characteristics model