chapter 6 the spirit of reform

The American colonization society acquired land in west Africa and established a colony that eventually became the country of liberia

True

According to the time line, in which of the following years did the temperance movement achieve a major victory?

1851

The pamphlet An Appeal to the Christian Women of the South, which urged women to fight against slavery, was published in 1836 by

Angelina Grimké.

Horace Mann led the movement for educational reform in Massachusetts during the early 1800s; a similar role was played in North Carolina by reformer

Calvin Wiley

Which of the following abolitionists was killed in 1837, while trying to protect his printing press from a mob?

Elijah P. Lovejoy

After president Jackson won reelection in 1832, he believed that the people wanted him to protect the second bank of the united states

False- He didn't believe they wanted him to end the second bank

president Andrew Jackson believed that only the wealthy and well educated should hold political office

False- he believed ordinary citizens should play a role in gov't

in the early 1800s many reformers began to push for a system of education in which schools would be funded by churches and private donations, and would be open to all citizens

False- it was funded by government

Most women in the 1800s felt limited by the ideas of ¨true womanhood¨

False- they didn't feel limited by them

Emancipation, which was advocated by William Lloyd Garrison and other abolitionists, meant that slavery could continue in the south but that enslaved people in the northern states would be freed.

False- wanted all them to be free

Which of the following best describes the tactic Garrison employs in the excerpt above?

He argues forcefully that moderation is unacceptable.

The economic roles of men and women began to change in the early 1800s as a result of the

Industrial Revolution.

The first mandatory school attendance law was passed in 1852 in

Massachusetts.

One of the most prominent African Americans in the abolitionist movement, Frederick Douglass, published his own antislavery newspaper, the

North Star

In the early 1800s, many reformers argued that no behavior caused more crime, disorder, and poverty than the abuse of alcohol

True

Many Southerners in the 1800s viewed abolitionism as an attack on their entire way of life

True

Beginning in the early 1800s and continuing throughout the presidency of Andrew Jackson ordinary american citizens became a greater political force

True

During the second great awakening protestant leaders held camp meetings that attracted thousands of followers for several days of song, prayer, and emotional outpourings of faith

True

Few people in the early antislavery societies believed that ending slavery would end racism in the united states

True

In the 1800s the arrival of Irish and German immigrants-immigrants who were predominantly catholic-stirred feelings of nativism among many american

True

The first well known advocate of abolition was a free african american from north carolina named david walker who advocated violence and rebellion as the only way to end slavery

True

The shakers, a utopian religious group believed in a social and spiritual equality for all members and did not believe in marrying or having children

True

president Jackson and president van buren's policies toward native Americans reflected the views of many westerners at the time

True

Which of the following conclusions about the period between 1815 and 1850 is supported by the information in the graph above?

Two million Irish immigrants came to the United States

briefly summarize the main ideas expressed in the excerpt above.

Women and men are equal with rights that cant be taken, but it says thoughout history women have had men try to control them and violate rights.

Prison reforms such as new "penitentiaries," solitary confinement, and the imposition of silence on work crews were motivated by

a belief in rehabilitating prisoners.

In 1851 Maine passed the first state prohibition law, and by 1855

a dozen other states passed similar laws.

What kind of movement was the Second Great Awakening?

a religious revival

The Whig Party, a new political party that emerged to oppose President Jackson, advocated

a stronger federal government.

In the excerpt above, on what "subject" does Garrison promise to be "as harsh as truth and as uncompromising as justice"?

abolishing slavery immediately

the rapid development of a large, national __ movement in the 1830s was largely due to the efforts of william lloyd garrison

abolitionist

The women's movement met with some success; by 1865, for example, 29 states had passed laws that

allowed wives to hold property in their own names.

in the early 1800s, religious leaders worked to revive Americans commitment to religion in a movement called the second great

awakening

new opportunities for higher education enabled elizabeth __ to become, in 1849, the first woman to earn a medical degree

blackwell

in the presidential election of 1836, president jackson's popularity helped the candidate of the __ party, martin van buren, defeat the newly formed whigs

democratic

during the Jackson presidency, the___system of selecting presidential candidates was replaced by national nominating conventions

caucus

Tax supported elementary schools, an important reform of the 1800s, did not spread as quickly in rural areas as in urban areas because

children in rural areas were needed to help with farm work.

The excerpt above illustrates the commitment of reformers, inspired by the revival of religious fervor in the Second Great Awakening, to

combat social problems.

The first mandatory school attendance law, included on the time line above, was a victory for the

educational reform movement.

Large numbers of Irish immigrants began leaving their homeland in 1845 because they were

fleeing famine in Ireland.

The Indian Removal Act, passed at President Jackson's urging in 1830, provided money for

forcing Native Americans to relocate to the Great Plains.

Supporters of what early antislavery approach wanted slaveholders to be compensated for their loss when slavery ended?

gradualism

explain the goals Thoreau sets forth in the excerpt above what aspects of romanticism and transcendentalism are reflected in his reasons for going into the woods

his goals were to clear away all distractions and focus on genuine core of living transcendentalism: overcoming the limits of the mind and society, letting soul embrace universe romanticism: emotional truth over ephemera of contemporary American life

Presbyterian minister Charles Grandison Finney warned against using politics to change society, believing instead that

if Christian ideas reformed people from within, society would become better.

Between 1815 and 1860, the United States experienced a massive influx of

immigrants.

why did some northerners who disapproved of slavery oppose abolitionism

it might cause a big war between north and south it might lead to a great influx of freed African Americans to the north overwhelming labor and housing markets.

The American party was nicknamed the___because of the response members gave when questioned about it

know-nothing's

Based on the chart above, changing from the caucus system to the national nominating convention is significant because the latter was

less exclusive

free african americans who traveled to africa under the guidance of the american colonization society established a colony that eventually became the country of?

liberia

Many Western settlers, who needed easy credit to run their farms, were unhappy with the Second Bank of the United States' policies, which

limited inflation but took state bank notes out of circulation.

In the early 1800s, many white men became eligible voters because states

lowered or eliminated property ownership as a voting qualification.

The Christian revivalism of the 1820s and 1830s influenced American families, creating the expectation that women would be

models of morality and charity to their households

in 1837 Mary Lyon opened ___ female seminary in Massachusetts, the first institution of higher education for women

mount holyoke

The goal of the American Colonization Society was to

move African Americans to Africa.

in the 1800s, __ groups pledged never to vote for a catholic and pushed for laws banning catholics from holding public office

nativist

President Andrew Jackson believed in the spoil system, the practice of rewarding ___ loyalty with government jobs

party

as women became involved in the moral crusades of the early 1800s, some began to argue that they needed greater __, rights to promote their ideas

political

Some Southerners demanded the suppression of abolitionist material such as William Lloyd Garrison's the Liberator as a condition for

remaining in the Union.

Although many Northerners opposed abolitionism and feared it would lead to war with the South, several states in the North passed "personal liberty laws" that

restricted the recapture of escaped slaves.

in 1848 lucretia mott and elizabeth cady stanton organized the __ convention, a gathering of woman reformers that marked the beginning of an organized woman's movement

seneca falls

explain what smith is describing in the excerpt above. what does the excerpt suggest about the political era that began with the election of president Andrew Jackson?

smith is describing the white house gala that followed the inauguration of president Jackson in 1829. the parties began to move away from the caucus system to national nominating conventions.

Americans who formed utopian communities in the 1830s believed that

society corrupted human nature.

african americans abolitionist __ drew huge crowds for her antislavery speeches, thanks to her folksy wit and strong messages

sojourner truth

using the diagram above briefly describe the sequence of events that led to the nullification crisis

south Carolina made few goods so they imported many products from England, when govt put high tariffs on imported goods making them higher south Carolina passed a state ordinate that nullified the tariff.

In 1838 President Jackson's successor, Martin Van Buren, sent the army to march the Cherokee to what is now Oklahoma, a journey that became known as

the Trail of Tears.

based on the excerpt above, the declaration of sentiments and resolutions was modeled on what important document

the declaration of independence.

President Andrew Jackson's supporters favored national nominating conventions because they believed that the caucus system restricted nominations to

the elite and well connected.

The excerpt above provides an example of which of the following reform movements from the early 1800s?

the prison reform movement

what does the map above suggest about reactions to abolitionism in the north?

they feared that abolitionism might divide the northern and southern states, and even lead to war between the north and south

ralph waldo emerson was an influential __ who wrote that those who wanted fulfillment should commune with nature

transcendentalist

In 1833 Congress responded to the nullification crisis by passing the Force Bill, which authorized the president to

use the military to enforce acts of Congress.

the___ousted the Democrats in the election of 1840 by nominating general William Henry Harrison, hero of the battle of Tippecanoe, and by blaming President Van Buren and for the panic of 1837 and the resulting and economic depression

whigs