Chapter 7 - OB

What occurs when the demands from work and non-work domains are negatively affecting one another?

Work-life conflict

T/F Stressed individuals have lower organizational commitment than those who are less stressed

True

T/F Supervisors are a key source of stress

True

T/F The Demand-Control model proposes that employees with high levels of autonomy and control over their jobs will be less stressed.

True

T/F The highest level of stress occurs when job demands are high and job control is low

True

What is the type of stress that refers to stress caused by visualizing events that may (or may not) happen in the future?

anticipatory stress

Role ambiguity refers to a. vagueness in relation to job responsibilities b. insufficient time and resources to complete a job c. contradictory demands at work d. processing demands that exceed the supply of time for such processing

a. vagueness in relation to job responsibilities

An affect-driven behavior occurs when ____________ trigger you to respond in a particular way

emotions

Surface acting refers to displaying _____________ signs such as smiling, and reflecting emotions

emotions

What theory explores how events on the job lead to different emotions?

Affective Events Theory (AET)

T/F Role conflict is the strongest predictor of poor performance on the job

False

T/F Studies have shown that workaholics experience lower levels of burnout, work-life conflict, stress, and worse health outcomes

False, higher

T/F Work-life conflict has steadily decreased in prevalence

False. Increased

Japanese employees work an average of 236 less hours per year than Americans and 500 less hours than employees in France or Germany

False. More

Can organizational change cause stress?

Yes

What is a mismatch among emotions, attitudes, beliefs, and behavior?

cognitive dissonance

Stress is caused by the interaction between ____________ and _______________

demands and resources

Which two neurotransmitter brain chemicals are important to feeling alert, increased concentration, and faster reaction times?

dopamine and norepinephrine

The General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) model predicts that when there is a threat to the individual's natural balance, the body responds with a "__________ ______ ___________" response

fight or flight

What involves finding meaning in a seemingly negative life event?

positive reappraisal

Deep acting refers to ________________ to experience emotions

pretending

What are EAP's?

programs offered to workers to help them deal with crises in the workplace and elsewhere

What is known as a personal resource consisting of four independent traits: efficacy, optimism, hope, and resilience?

psychological capital (PsyCap)

What is defined as having insufficient time and resources to complete a job? a. role conflict b. role ambiguity c. role overload

role overload

What kind of stress is the inability to let go of past events and obsessively thinking about them?

rumination

What is defined as the body's reaction to a change that requires a physical, mental, or emotional adjustment or response?

stress

What are events or contexts that cause a stress reaction by elevating levels of adrenaline and forcing a physical or mental response?

stressors

What is defined as the development of tools or techniques that help to make us more productive when we work?

time management

Which type of personality displays high levels of speed/impatience, job involvement, and hard-driving competitiveness?

type A

T/F Americans are more likely to be emoployed and work longer hours than Europeans

True

T/F Physically active breaks lead to enhanced mental concentration and decreased mental fatigue

True

T/F Research shows that entrepreneurs who are leading new enterprises experience low levels of stress

True

T/F The customer service representative at the department store who keeps smiling as she listens to the customer bitterly complain about her newly purchased product is engaging in deep acting.

False

T/F The link between stress and heart disease has been proven by the American Heart Association to be strong.

False

T/F The old adage "Have a good cry" is great advice to deal with stress that has built up in an individual.

False

T/F Stress-related issues cost companies billions of dollars annually due to absenteeism, lost productivity, and accidents.

True

T/F Americans have 16.5 hours per week of leisure time after their work and household obligations are fulfilled

True

T/F Challenge stressors have been shown to relate to increased engagement and performance

True

T/F Individuals who feel a greater sense of control at work deal with stress more effectively both in the United States and in Hong Kong

True

What kind of stress refers to demands and circumstances that cause stress but that also promote individual growth? a. challenge stressors b. hindrance stressors

a. challenge stressors

Which of the following is NOT an emotion that is part of the Affective Events Theory? a. jealousy b. surprise c. anger d. fear

a. jealousy

What refers to conflict facing contradictory demands at work? a. role conflict b. role ambiguity c role overload

a. role conflict

Joshua Greene's study of how our minds and bodies react to difficult situations found that a. study subjects were largely able to agree on what was the best of possible evils in a scenario b. human decisions are mostly rational, not impacted by emotion c. magnetic imaging suggests emotional scenarios require less use of our brains compared to unemotional scenarios d. humans use rationale and emotion to make decisions similar to how a computer would

a. study subjects were largely able to agree on what was the best of possible evils in a scenario

Genuine acting refers to displaying emotions that are ____________ with emotions that are actually there

aligned

The concept of flow refers to: a. applying the principles of athletic performance to workplace performance b. a state of consciousness where a person is totally absorbed in an activity c. the regulation of feelings and expressions for organizational purposes d. ongoing negative emotional states resulting from dissatisfaction

b. a state of consciousness where a person is totally absorbed in an activity

What kind of stress is caused by factors that detract us from our goals and prevent personal growth? a. challenge stressors b. hindrance stressors

b. hindrance stressors

What refers to vagueness about what our responsibilities are? a. role conflict b. role ambiguity c. role overload

b. role ambiguity

What is an ongoing negative emotional state resulting from dissatisfaction?

burnout

A short, intense feeling resulting from an event is known as what?

emotion

How people can understand each other more completely by becoming more aware of their own and others' emotions is known as what?

emotional intelligence

What is known as the concept of total engagement in one's work?

flow

What refers to paying complete attention to one's own feelings without reaction or judgment?

mindfulness

Which type of personality are calmer by nature and they think through situations as opposed to reacting emotionally and usually have lower stress levels?

type B