Chapter 8

Practice guarantees improved performance

False.

Who was the father of motor behavior?

Franklin Henry

Who wrote the first major theoretical paper from the discipline of kinesiology on what was known as the memory drum theory?

Franklin Henry

Boys and girls are more similar than different in motor skill performance.

True.

Motor behavior research is closely related to biomechanics.

True.

Pedagogy, the study of teaching, applies motor behavior research.

True.

Skill acquisition, one of the five areas studies in motor control, is about learning.

True.

The time period is considered one of the greatest eras of interest in motor behavior

World War ll (1939-1945)

What is electromyography?

a system for monitoring and recording the electrical activity in muscles

All of the following examine learning EXCEPT

a test of accuracy immediately after practice for accuracy

What differentiates motor learning from motor control?

acquisition versus neuromuscular activity

Which of the following is most critical in helping students develop skills?

ample appropriate practice opportunities

Which experimental design compares two groups (randomly formed) on the same task (movement speed)?

between-group design

According to the text, which kind of practice makes perfect?

correct

The experimental design used in motor behavior research to determine the impact of two different types of practice on the same skill performance would be identified as

dual design

While his players are working out, a coach notices a mistake in an athletes form. The coach tells the player what might work better and how to do it. What type of feedback is the coach giving to the player?

extrinsic feedback

A coach tells a player the correct way to inbound a basketball from the sideline; at the same time the coach is demonstrating how to throw the ball inbound in a game-like situation. What is taking place?

extrinsic feedback and observational learning

What are some environmental conditions that might affect learning in sport?

feedback, practice, transfer

After John kicked the football from the 22-yard line, he heard the referee yell, "It's good". What type of knowledge was expressed by the ref?

knowledge of results-extrinsic feedback

Practicing a skill is most likely to bring about what?

learning

What type of researcher studies difference in growth patterns in children ages 2 to 12 years?

motor development expert

Research on_____ often compares novices and experts to determine how they differ within various sports. For example, they want to determine why some children are more advanced performers than adults attempting the same skill.

motor expertise

Motor behavior includes three sub disciplines. Which is NOT one of those sub disciplines?

motor performance

Knowledge of results focuses on_____, whereas knowledge of performance focuses on_____.

outcome; process of movement

The focus of motor behavior research today includes

potential treatments of disease and injury, including Parkinson's disease

The type of performance experience engaged in for the express purpose of refining motor control function to improve skill is known as

practice

The principle that practice should match the performance environment for maximal improvement is

practice enhancement

What is the best way to set goals to achieve the best results?

set a goal that requires moderate effort to achieve

Boys and girls are similar in motor skill performance during childhood EXCEPT in one skill, in which the gender difference is substantial. Select the exception

throwing

Feedback that produces the greatest improvement in performance and potential produces the greatest learning

varies depending on the expertise of the performer