Chapter 8 (Advanced Bio)

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How many ATP molecules are formed during the Krebs cycle for EACH acetyl CoA that enters?

1

Typical yield of ATP is?

36

What happens during glycolysis

A molecule of glucose splits, two pyruvic molecules are made, some ATP is produced

C6H12O6 + 6O2 + ADP + P —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + MOLECULE A..... What does MOLECULE A refer to?

ATP

C6H12O6 + 6O2—> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY.... what is a summary statement for this equation

C6H12O6 is oxidized and O2 is reduced

C6H12O6 + 6O2 + ADP + P —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + MOLECULE A... summarizes what process?

Cellular respiration

Where in the cell does glycolysis occur

Cytoplasm

Which one of the following best describes the electron transport chain?

Electrons pass from one carrier to another, releasing a little energy at each step

What does the last step of fermentation do

Enables the cell to recycle NAD+

In chemiosmotic phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP+ Pi to ATP

Energy released from movement of protons through ATP synthase

What type of reaction is cellular respiration

Exergonic and Catabolic

What is the function of cellular respiration

Extract usable energy from glucose

How are electrons donated to the electron transport chain

FADH2 and NADH

What is the name of the process that takes place when organic compounds are broken down in the absence of oxygen

Fermentation

During aerobic respiration, electrons travel downhill in which sequence

Food—> NADH—> ETC—> oxygen

What is formed during photosynthesis and broken down in cellular respiration

Glucose

How are glycolysis and aerobic respiration different?

Glycolysis occurs in the absence of oxygen while aerobic respiration requires oxygen

The energy released during electron transfer reactions is used to push ______ into the outer compartments

Hydrogen ions

Muscle cells being deprived of oxygen can continue forming ATP through....?

Lactate Fermantation

The pyruvate formed at the end of glycolysis can be converted to........?

Lactate or Acetyl CoA

Which process below is correctly matched with its cellular location?

Lactic Acidosis Fermantation—> Cytoplasm

What build up are they checking for?

Lactic acid

Cofactors Coenzyme A, NAD+ and FAD are present in cells in relatively low concentrations. Why is this not surprising

Like enzymes, each can be used over and over

Why do the patients of Luft's syndrome often feel weak?

Little ATP is formed or available to support muscle contraction

C6H12O6 + 6O2 + ADP + P —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + MOLECULE A starts in the cytoplasm and ends in what?

Mitochondria

Which is not formed in the Krebs cycle

NADPH

What is a substance produced during photosynthesis and is used for completion of cellular respiration

Oxygen

What is the role of the molecular oxygen in aerobic respiration

Oxygen accepts electrons from the electron transfer chain and hydrogen ions to form water

With oxygen present, the Krebs cycle and the ETC

Provide organisms m and alternative to glycolysis, Produce most of the ATP needed for life Break down glucose to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP

The energy given up by electrons as they move through the electron transport chain is used to _____

Pump H+ through the membrane

During aerobic cellular respiration a proton gradient in mitochondria is generated by..... and used primarily for.........

The ETC; ATP synthesis

When is the most energy transferred in cellular respiration?

The Electron Transport Chain

When a two carbon molecule combines with a four carbon molecule what does it form?

The Krebs Cycle

Most of the NADH that delivers electrons to the electron transport chain comes from_______

The Krebs cycle

What is the most likely explanation is that?

The mixture needs less oxygen, yeast only produce alcohol in the absence of oxygen

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the poor growth of cells?

There is not enough oxygen in the culture fluid

Where do the removed electrons from glucose end up?

Water


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