Chapter 8 (Advanced Bio)
How many ATP molecules are formed during the Krebs cycle for EACH acetyl CoA that enters?
1
Typical yield of ATP is?
36
What happens during glycolysis
A molecule of glucose splits, two pyruvic molecules are made, some ATP is produced
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + ADP + P —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + MOLECULE A..... What does MOLECULE A refer to?
ATP
C6H12O6 + 6O2—> 6CO2 + 6H2O + ENERGY.... what is a summary statement for this equation
C6H12O6 is oxidized and O2 is reduced
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + ADP + P —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + MOLECULE A... summarizes what process?
Cellular respiration
Where in the cell does glycolysis occur
Cytoplasm
Which one of the following best describes the electron transport chain?
Electrons pass from one carrier to another, releasing a little energy at each step
What does the last step of fermentation do
Enables the cell to recycle NAD+
In chemiosmotic phosphorylation, what is the most direct source of energy that is used to convert ADP+ Pi to ATP
Energy released from movement of protons through ATP synthase
What type of reaction is cellular respiration
Exergonic and Catabolic
What is the function of cellular respiration
Extract usable energy from glucose
How are electrons donated to the electron transport chain
FADH2 and NADH
What is the name of the process that takes place when organic compounds are broken down in the absence of oxygen
Fermentation
During aerobic respiration, electrons travel downhill in which sequence
Food—> NADH—> ETC—> oxygen
What is formed during photosynthesis and broken down in cellular respiration
Glucose
How are glycolysis and aerobic respiration different?
Glycolysis occurs in the absence of oxygen while aerobic respiration requires oxygen
The energy released during electron transfer reactions is used to push ______ into the outer compartments
Hydrogen ions
Muscle cells being deprived of oxygen can continue forming ATP through....?
Lactate Fermantation
The pyruvate formed at the end of glycolysis can be converted to........?
Lactate or Acetyl CoA
Which process below is correctly matched with its cellular location?
Lactic Acidosis Fermantation—> Cytoplasm
What build up are they checking for?
Lactic acid
Cofactors Coenzyme A, NAD+ and FAD are present in cells in relatively low concentrations. Why is this not surprising
Like enzymes, each can be used over and over
Why do the patients of Luft's syndrome often feel weak?
Little ATP is formed or available to support muscle contraction
C6H12O6 + 6O2 + ADP + P —> 6CO2 + 6H2O + MOLECULE A starts in the cytoplasm and ends in what?
Mitochondria
Which is not formed in the Krebs cycle
NADPH
What is a substance produced during photosynthesis and is used for completion of cellular respiration
Oxygen
What is the role of the molecular oxygen in aerobic respiration
Oxygen accepts electrons from the electron transfer chain and hydrogen ions to form water
With oxygen present, the Krebs cycle and the ETC
Provide organisms m and alternative to glycolysis, Produce most of the ATP needed for life Break down glucose to produce carbon dioxide, water, and ATP
The energy given up by electrons as they move through the electron transport chain is used to _____
Pump H+ through the membrane
During aerobic cellular respiration a proton gradient in mitochondria is generated by..... and used primarily for.........
The ETC; ATP synthesis
When is the most energy transferred in cellular respiration?
The Electron Transport Chain
When a two carbon molecule combines with a four carbon molecule what does it form?
The Krebs Cycle
Most of the NADH that delivers electrons to the electron transport chain comes from_______
The Krebs cycle
What is the most likely explanation is that?
The mixture needs less oxygen, yeast only produce alcohol in the absence of oxygen
Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the poor growth of cells?
There is not enough oxygen in the culture fluid
Where do the removed electrons from glucose end up?
Water
