Chapter 8 Aging considerations

A client reports to the nurse that her mother had macular degeneration and is concerned that she, too, may be at risk. What should the nurse tell the client? A. Reduce the amount of cigarettes smoked daily from 20 to 10. B. This condition is now curable. C. Wear sunglasses with ultraviolet (UV) protection when outside. D. Vision loss is not hereditary. It is related to diet.

C

A client with Alzheimer's disease is prescribed donepezil hydrochloride. When teaching the client and family about this drug, which of the following would the nurse include? A. "The client need to take this drug for the rest of his or her life." B. "This drug will help to stop the disease from getting worse." C. "The drug helps to control the symptoms of the disease." D. "Once it becomes effective, you can stop the drug."

C

A client with moderate Alzheimer's disease has been eating poorly, losing weight, and playing with food at meals. The nurse best intervenes by A. Cutting the client's food into small pieces B. Serving hot foods at a warm temperature C. Placing one food at a time in front of the client during meals D. Converting liquid foods to a gelatin texture

C

An older adult seeks medical attention for a new onset of rectal bleeding. For which reason will the nurse perform a complete physical assessment with the client? A. The bleeding may be coming from another body orifice B. Older adult clients may be poor historians of symptoms C. More than one body system may be affected D. The symptom of rectal bleeding is vague

C

An older adult who is becoming increasingly debilitated refuses to move to an assisted living facility as suggested by an adult child who lives out of state. Which recommendation will the nurse consider to address this situation? A. The older client can move in with the adult child B. The older client's grandchildren can move in with the client C. The adult child can hire caregivers for the older parent D. The adult child can move in with the parent

C

The nurse is attempting to take vital signs of an older adult hospitalized following knee surgery. The client continuously yells, "It's 1999 and you are going to hurt me!" What action should the nurse do first? A. Take the vital signs. B. Notify the physician. C. Assess for infection. D. Reorient the patient.

D

The nurse is describing hospice services to the family of a patient with end-stage heart failure. Which of the following would the nurse be least likely to include as a major focus of care? A. Symptom management B. Emotional support C. Pain control D. Invasive therapy

D

The nurse is working in a long-term care facility. When assessing her patients, what body system dysfunction should the nurse look for as the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the older adult population? A. Genitourinary B. Respiratory C. Gastrointestinal D. Cardiovascular

D

Which is a factor that contributes to urinary incontinence in older female adults? A. Decreased urinary residual B. Increased bladder capacity C. Detrusor stability D. Relaxed perineal muscle

D

An age-related change associated with the cardiovascular system is A. decreased cardiac output. B. increased compliance of heart muscle. C. thinner heart valves. D. decreased blood pressure.

A

The nurse is preparing a teaching tool that focuses on elder abuse. Which type of abuse will the nurse highlight as being the most common? A. neglect B. physical C. emotional D. financial

A

Which action by the nurse demonstrates ageism? A. Allowing adequate time for the older adult to complete tasks B. Encouraging the older adult to develop routines not associated with work C. Directing all health decisions to the older adult's child D. Providing the same high quality of care to all clients

C

T/F Significant declines in intelligence, learning, and memory are inversely proportional to increases in age

False

The leading cause of death in older adults in the United States is ____________ disease

Heart

An elderly client reports that he feels like he voids frequently during the day and at night but cannot empty his bladder. The nurse instructs the client to A. Decrease fluid intake. B. Limit ingestion of caffeinated beverages. C. Drink no more than his current 2 to 3 ounces of alcohol each day. D. Hold his urine as long as possible before voiding.

B

The nurse is preparing a teaching tool on promoting gastrointestinal health for a senior center. Which information will the nurse include? Select all that apply. A. Follow meals with activity. B. Drink adequate fluids. C. Avoid the use of laxatives and antacids. D. Lie flat after eating. E. Brush the teeth and floss regularly. F. Eat small, frequent high-fiber low-fat meals.

B, C,E, F

A nurse is preparing a presentation for a local senior center about the health status of older adults. What trends in health promotion and disease prevention activities would the nurse explain as contributing to declining death rates in the older adult population? Select all that apply. A. decreased exercise B. early detection of elevated cholesterol levels C. decreased community-based services D. improved nutrition E. decreased smoking F. screening for hypertension

B, D, E, F

The most common affective or mood disorder of old age is _____________, often related to chronic illness or pain

depression

An older adult reports urinary incontinence that has been occurring for years. On which areas will the nurse focus when assessing this client's concern? Select all that apply. A. Infection B. Respiratory rate C. Dehydration D. Polyuria E. Dizziness

A, C, D

The nurse is concerned that an older adult is experiencing ageism. Which client statement did the nurse use to make this clinical determination a. there is a really nice lady who puts my groceries in my car for me b. "My grandchildren think I should work for my Social Security payments." c. "My neighbor's son cuts my grass every week." d. "The newspaper boy places the paper on my porch every day."

B

A nurse is caring for an elderly adult client admitted to the hospital from a nursing home because of a change in behavior. The client has a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and has started to experience episodes of incontinence. The hospital staff is having difficulty with toileting because the client wanders around the unit all day. To assist with elimination, a nurse should: A. ask the physician to order restraints to prevent wandering. B. ask the physician to order sedation to allow the client to rest. C. have the client wear two briefs at a time to ensure absorption of incontinent urine. D. incorporate the client's toileting schedule into the pattern of his wandering.

D

Chronic conditions, many of which are preventable or treatable, are the major cause of __________ and pain among older adults.

Disability

T/F The actual percentage of long-term nursing home residents has doubled over the last 25 years due to increased longevity and management of chronic illnesses

False

Nursing interventions for Alzheimer's disease are aimed at promoting patient function and ___________ for as long as possible.

Independence

If neglect or abuse of any kind—including physical, emotional, sexual, neglect or financial abuse—is suspected, the local adult ______________ services agency must be notified

Protective

T/F Age-related macular degeneration is the primary cause of vision loss and blindness in adults 65 years and older

True

T/F Most Americans 75 years of age and older remain functionally independent regardless of how they perceive their health.

True

T/F Older adults are less likely than younger people to acknowledge or seek treatment for mental health symptoms

True