Chapter 8 PCC 274

d. All of the above

A technique applicable for determining whether or not an individual has recently fired a weapon is: a. Neutron activation analysis. b. Atomic absorption analysis. c. The scanning electron microscope. d. All of the above

c. Individual

A wear pattern, cut, gouge, or other damage pattern can impart _____ characteristics to a shoe. a. Class b. Wear c. Individual d. Generic

d. An electrostatic lifting device

An imprint may be lifted from a surface at a crime scene using: a. Plaster of paris. b. Luminol. c. Imido black dye. d. An electrostatic lifting device.

b. greater than

Chokes are sometimes found on shotguns where they function to constrict the end of the barrel. The speed and distance traveled by pellets fired from a narrow choke is _____ the speed and distance traveled by pellets fired from a shotgun with a wide choke. a. The same as b. Greater than c. Less than d. None of the above

c. Striation markings

Discharged evidence bullets must be carefully handled to avoid damage to the: a. Manufacturer's imprint. b. Caliber markings. c. Striation markings. d. Ejection pattern.

d. All of the above

Distinctive markings of shells and cartridges can be made by the: a. Extractor and ejector mechanism. b. Firing pin. c. Breech face mark. d. All of the above

d. An electrostatic lifting device

Dust imprints found at a crime scene can be lifted using: a. Photographic paper. b. A silicone casting medium. c. A scanning electron lifter. d. An electrostatic lifting device.

c. Directly related

Generally speaking, the amount of gun powder particles found around a bullet hole is _____ to the distance from which the weapon was fired. a. Indirectly related b. Not related c. Directly related d. None of the above

a. Directly related

Generally, the gauge of a shotgun is _____ to the diameter of its barrel. a. Directly related b. Not related c. Indirectly related d. None of the above

c. both a and b

Gun powder residue patterns can be detected by: a. The Greiss Test. b. IR photograph. c. Both a and b d. Neither a nor b

c. A database for firearm evidence

NIBIN is/are: a. Trade groups of firearms manufacturers. b. Safety education courses for firearm use. c. A database for firearm evidence. d. Lists of licensed gun dealers.

d. Cast

Objects bearing tool marks should either be submitted intact to the crime lab or a _____ should be taken of the tool mark. a. Digital photograph b. Film photograph c. Black and white photograph d. Cast

a. Photographing and casting with dental stone

Shoe and tire marks impressed into soft Earth can be best preserved by: a. Photographing and casting with dental stone. b. Photographing and then use of the electrostatic lifting technique. c. Casting with dental stone and then attempting the electrostatic lift technique. d. Both a and b

b. Chocolate

The "dermal nitrate test" has fallen into disfavor because of its lack of specificity. Which of the following common materials does NOT give a misleading positive reaction to this test? a. Tobacco b. Chocolate c. Urine d. Cosmetics

a. SICAR

The automated shoe print identification system is known as: a. SICAR b. NIBIN c. ATF d. IBIS

b. Is smooth without the grooves and lands found in rifles

The barrel of a shotgun: a. Is indistinguishable from that of a rifle. b. Is smooth without the grooves and lands found in rifles. c. Is generally shorter than that of a rifle. d. Is wider at the end to concentrate shot.

d. All of the above

The comparison of two bullets is possible with the comparison microscope. Such a study is made difficult by the fact that: a. Lands and grooves are subject to wear and tear and hence striations markings are susceptible to continuing change. b. Often evidence bullets are distorted on impact and only small areas are found with intact markings. c. The presence of grit and rust can to some degree alter the markings on bullets fired through the same barrel. d. All of the above

a. Determination of the distance from which the gun was fired

The distribution of gunpowder particles and other discharge residues around a bullet hole permits: a. Determination of the distance from which the gun was fired. b. Determination of the kind of firearm used. c. Estimation of the angle of bullet impact. d. Estimation of the height of the shooter.

b. Less than

The likelihood of detecting GSR on swabs taken from living subjects more than six hours after a firing has occurred is _____ the likelihood of detecting GSR within two hours of a firing. a. The same as b. Less than c. Greater than d. None of the above

a. Infrared photography

The presence of gunpowder residues on a garment whose color conceals the existence of the residue is best revealed by: a. Infrared photography. b. Ultraviolet photography. c. Color photography. d. Infrared spectrophotometry.

a. Bullet will be made to spin and have a true and accurate course on leaving the barrel

The reason grooves are rifled into the bore of a gun is so that a: a. Bullet will be made to spin and have a true and accurate course on leaving the barrel. b. Bullet moving through will have unique striations. c. Manufacturer can put its unique mark on its product. d. Bullet will be reduced in size before it exits the gun.

d. The edge of the trigger guard or by the checkered portion of the grip

To prevent the disturbance of latent fingerprints on a firearm, the weapon should be lifted by: a. Inserting a pencil into the barrel b. Using disposable forceps c. The outside of the barrel or the trigger d. The edge of the trigger guard or by the checkered portion of the grip

c. Taking a photograph and cast of the marks if necessary

Tools and tool marks are often found at burglary scenes and can be useful evidence. Proper evidence collection by the field investigator would include: a. Reporting whether a tool found at the crime scene fit into the tool marks. b. Making test marks with the suspected tool onto a soft metal surface at the crime scene. c. Taking a photograph and cast of the marks if necessary. d. Packing of tool and tool mark evidence together so that the crime lab personnel know they are thought to be a matched set.

b. Antimony and barium

Two elements detected on the hands of an individual who has recently fired a weapon are: a. Zinc and copper b. Antimony and barium c. Barium and nitrates d. Antimony and iron

d. An electrostatic lifting device

Two-dimensional imprints found at a crime scene can be lifted using: a. Photographic paper. b. A silicone casting medium. c. A scanning electron lifter. d. An electrostatic lifting device.

a. Transported to the crime lab in a container with enough of the same water necessary to keep it submerged

When a gun is recovered from an underwater location, it should be: a. Transported to the crime lab in a container with enough of the same water necessary to keep it submerged. b. Placed in an air-tight plastic bag. c. Cleaned and dried. d. Submitted to the crime lab in a paper bag.

a. A greater rate

When an etching agent is applied to a metal surface in order to restore a removed serial number the stamped area will dissolve at _____ as the unstamped area. a. A greater rate b. The same rate c. A slower rate d. None of the above

a. Wear marks

Which is NOT a class characteristic of a suspect's sneaker? a. Wear marks b. Brand c. Color d. Size

c. The brand name of the tool

Which of the following factors is least likely to be considered by the examining tool mark technician? a. The direction of the tool movement as it passes over the surface b. The side or portion of the tool making the impression c. The brand name of the tool d. The angle at which the tool was held

d. A shotgun pellet

Which of the following is not expected to show any evidential marks or impressions? a. A fired bullet b. A cartridge casing fired from a handgun c. A cartridge casing fired from a shotgun d. A shotgun pellet

d. A trained firearms examiner

Which of the following makes the final determination about whether or not two bullets were fired by the same gun? a. IBIS b. A comparison microscope c. NIBIN d. A trained firearms examiner

c. Marking an empty cartridge case on its base for identification

Which of the following procedures is not to be followed in collecting and packaging firearms evidence at the crime scene? a. Marking a fired bullet on its base for identification b. Avoiding inserting a stick or pencil into the barrel of a weapon c. Marking an empty cartridge case on its base for identification d. Unloading a weapon before shipping it to the crime laboratory

d. Identifying a bullet as having been combined with a particular shell prior to being discharged

Which of the following results is not possible from a laboratory examination of firearm evidence? a. Determining that two or more cartridge cases were fired from the same weapon b. Determining how far from the victim the weapon was held c. Restoring serial numbers ground off the gun d. Identifying a bullet as having been combined with a particular shell prior to being discharged

b. The hook cutter method

Which of the following rifling methods is no longer in use? a. The button method b. The hook cutter method c. The mandrel method d. The broach cutter method

b. The comparison microscope is an indispensable tool of the firearm examiner

Which of the following statements is true? a. A bullet can be individualized to a weapon by the number and twist of its lands and grooves. b. The comparison microscope is an indispensable tool of the firearm examiner. c. The diameter of the bore of a rifled firearm is its gauge. d. Carbonaceous smoke or soot deposited around a bullet hole is normally indicative of a discharge 12 to 18 feet or less from the target.

b. SEM primer residue detection

Which technique of detecting GSR holds the most promise for the immediate future? a. Infrared spectroscopy b. SEM primer residue detection c. Neutron activation analysis d. Dermal nitrate test