Chapter 8 Pre-test

Valerie has found a number of supporting materials and now has to decide what to use in her speech and what to put aside. One critical question to ask herself involves considering which supporting materials _____. Group of answer choices provide the largest volume of data tell the best stories will make the biggest impression on listeners are the flashiest and most sensational

will make the biggest impression on listeners

A _____ mentions a concise, specific instance to demonstrate a more general statement or illustrate a larger point. Group of answer choices brief example hypothetical example prestige example direct example

brief example

What are the verbal illustrations that clarify and humanize speeches with their concrete applications of abstract ideas? Group of answer choices narratives testimony statistics examples

examples

Citing the words of someone who is highly qualified in your topic area or trained in the field or profession you are exploring involves the use of _____. Group of answer choices authoritative testimony prestige testimony direct testimony expert testimony

expert testimony

In our culture, what are used to describe size, make predictions, illustrate trends, or demonstrate comparisons? Group of answer choices statistics narratives inferences examples

statistics

Since the dawn of time, humans have used _____ to entertain each other, celebrate heroic deeds, teach and reaffirm shared values, and explain the human experience. Group of answer choices stories disinformation numbers facts

stories

Which types of narratives used in speeches have long been a favorite of Americans because they effectively transmit one of our cherished cultural traditions? Group of answer choices "expert opinions" of celebrities "fables and legends" with animal characters "exaggerations or stretches" of the truth "rags to riches" stories

"rags to riches"

In reviewing narratives and their placement, be aware that the popular idea of starting with a joke, whether relevant or not, is not a cheap trick. It is a good way to get audience attention and establish yourself as inviting and credible. Group of answer choices True False

false

In selecting supporting materials and using them in your speech, the text advises that above all else, keep your materials at the center of your thinking. Group of answer choices True False

false

A hypothetical example is one that _____. Group of answer choices acts as a detailed illustration that helps build impressions is offered not as real, but as representative of actual people or situations provides a meticulously detailed version of an event or experience gives a small but very specific illustration of a wide-ranging generalization

is offered not as real, but as representative of actual people or situations

What two qualities help speakers evaluate stories for use in their speeches? Group of answer choices narrative length and narrative applicability narrative liability and narrative probability narrative prologue and narrative epilogue narrative probability and narrative fidelity

narrative probability and narrative fidelity

A diet guru shares quite a few personal feelings and convictions in her presentation on losing weight, though she does not back these up with any supporting materials. What has she included in her speech? Group of answer choices facts opinions values falsehoods

opinions

One problem area that often arises in speeches with regard to facts and figures is that we, as speakers, tend to _____. Group of answer choices assume that they have to be explained present them in too much detail overemphasize them neglect to use them

overemphasize them

As noted in an earlier chapter and repeated here, what are the three elements of a narrative - whether a lengthy or brief story - that must be developed for a speech? Group of answer choices prologue, plot, and epilogue probability, fidelity, and accountability example, illustration, and analogy introduction, body, and conclusion

prologue, plot, and epilogue

The four R's are important when evaluating information and also important when testing facts and figures. What are the four R's? Group of answer choices resourcefulness, representativeness, reliance, and recall repetition, resourcefulness, recency, and remembrance relevance, representativeness, recency, and reliability regrouping, resourcefulness, repetition, and recall

relevance, representativeness, recency, and reliability

It is best to keep your examples short and concise. Then you can leave it to listeners to provide details on their own and fill out the scenarios with their imaginations. Group of answer choices True False

true

Lay testimony represents the wisdom of ordinary people, and can add authenticity to a speech. Group of answer choices True False

true

What is one tip for evaluating examples you want to use in your speech to ensure they help make your point? Group of answer choices State an example in one brief sentence rather than trying to explain it with additional details. Try using an example that is actually an exception to the rule. Keep in mind that what works well with one audience may not click with another. Use shocking or controversial examples whenever possible to increase memorability.

Keep in mind that what works well with one audience may not click with another

"On November 22, 1963, President John F. Kennedy was assassinated in Dallas." This statement, as used in the introduction of a speech, is a(n) _____. Group of answer choices statistic fact example opinion

fact

Which types of supporting materials specifically affirm that your message will appear to be grounded in reality? Group of answer choices expert testimony and prestige testimony facts and statistics narratives and examples stories and data

facts and statistics

What are the four main categories of elements that make up supporting materials for public speaking? Group of answer choices charts and graphs, testimonials, stories, and facts facts and statistics, testimony, examples, and narratives vocalics, haptics, optics, and gestures illustrations, examples, allegories, and facts

facts and statistics, testimony, examples, and narratives

If you are referring to the words and ideas of other people so you can support your own ideas in your speech, you are employing narratives. Group of answer choices True False

false

A well-known author uses a single narrative as her entire speech, shaping the whole presentation into the form of a story. What kind of narrative does not merely support the speech but is the speech? Group of answer choices embedded narrative vicarious narrative hypothetical narrative master narrative

master narrative

When speakers are restating what others have said in their own words, they are _____. Group of answer choices citing testimony giving a direct quotation paraphrasing quoting out of context

paraphrasing

Including direct quotations to support some of the points in your speech means you are _____. Group of answer choices using your own words in referring to someone else's ideas citing a well-known research source or publication describing your own personal experiences repeating the exact words of another person

repeating the exact words of another person