Chapter 8 review test

The identity status in which numerous crises have been experienced and resolved and relatively permanent commitments have been made is called

Identity achievement

What marks the onset of puberty?

Menarche for females; first ejaculation for males.

To think of oneself in heroic or mythical terms is known at

The personal fable

Recent research indicates that gangs have which of these characteristics?

They possess a consistent set of norms and expectations that are understood by all gang members.

The process of declaring one's homosexuality to others is called

coming out

What reason is cited in the text for why there may be a decline in early sexual activity?

concern about AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections

John joins a gang because it serves as a pseudo-family for him. Most likely, John has strong _____ needs that are being displaced onto the peer group.

dependency, friendship and financial

Risk factors that predict teenage pregnancy are

early school failure and early behavior problems

What occurs during Piaget's formal operational stage

Concrete operations combine to be come formal operations.

To solve problems that have only one correct answer, we are using _____ thinking.

Convergent