Chapter 8, Special Senses Test

What vision disorder results from the loss of lens transparency?

cataracts

The biconvex structure that focuses light on the retina is the __________.

lens

The vibration of sound waves causes the tympanic membrane, or eardrum, to move against an ossicle known as __________.

malleus or hammer

The inability to see distant objects is termed "nearsighted" or __________.

myopia

Fibers from the medial side of each eye cross over to the opposite side of the brain at the __________.

optic chiasma

What region of the retina lacks photoreceptor cells?

optic disc (blind spot)

The small, peglike projections of the tongue's surface are called __________.

papillae

What part of the retina absorbs light and prevents it from scattering inside the eye?

pigmented layer

The age-related condition resulting from decreased lens elasticity is known as __________.

presbyopia

Which one of the following is NOT a primary taste sensation? sweet, salty, pungent, bitter, or sour

pungent

Which layer of the eye contains photoreceptors known as rods and cones?

retina

What type of photoreceptor cell allows us to see gray tones in dim light, and provides our peripheral vision?

rods

The fibrous covering of the eye consists of the white outer layer, known as the __________, and a transparent portion known as the __________.

sclera; cornea

Dynamic equilibrium receptors that detect information about angular or rotational movements of the head are housed in the __________.

semicircular canals

What sensation is related to sitting motionless at a desk studying your anatomy and physiology material?

static equilibrium

The five taste sensations are __________.

sweet, sour, bitter, salty, umami

Taste - __________ containing __________ are found in the epithelium of the tongue

taste buds; chemoreceptors

What membrane divides the outer ear from the middle ear?

tympanic membrane (ear drum)

The gel-like substance housed in the posterior segment of the eye is the __________.

vitreous humor (body)

What structure is lined with ceruminous glands?

external acoustic meatus (auditory canal)

What must be stimulated in order for the sense of hearing to be transmitted to the cochlear nerve?

hair cells

- Stimulated by changes in chemical concentration of substances (Used for taste and smell)

Chemoreceptors

What is the ability of the eye to focus on close objects?

accomodation

Which of the following is a sex-linked condition that more often affects males?

color blindness

A person with total color blindness may lack __________.

cones

The transparent portion of the fibrous layer of the eye is the __________.

cornea

The auditory ossicle called the "anvil" is also known as the __________.

incus

The pupil is an opening within the __________.

iris