Chapter 8: The Supervisor as Leaders

supportive

Beth, an employee at a salon, has irregular work patterns due to family obligations. Beth's manager, who is aware of her situation, allows her to take time off work to spend time at home. By being understanding and patient, Beth's manager is exhibiting _____ leadership behavior.

Authoritarian leadership

Shay was recently promoted to the post of sales supervisor in a logistics company. She expects her orders to be carried out without any questions asked. Identify the leadership style that shay is demonstrating.

Ambiguity

Supervisors differ in their level of comfort about the uncertainty that comes with involving employees in solving problems or making decisions. This uncertainty is known as ______.

achievement

Derek, a manager, believes that the members of his team are not performing their tasks well. To help them realize their potential, Derek sets challenging yet achievable goals for them and expresses confidence in their abilities to accomplish these tasks. This is an example of ______ behavior in leadership.

(d) Hersey-Blanchard life cycle theory

The ____ assumes that a leader's behavior should adapt to the situation. (a) Fred Fiedler's contingency theory of leadership (b) path-goal theory of leadership (c) X and Y theory of leadership (d) Hersey-Blanchard life cycle theory

path-goal theory of leadership

The _____ suggests that the primary activities of a leader are to make desirable and achievable rewards available to members within an organization who attain set objectives and to clarify the kinds of behavior that must be performed to earn those rewards.

Internal Locus of Control

The belief that you are the primary cause of what happens to yourself

"managing up"

The efforts to learn about and match the style of one's manager

Supportive Behavior

This behavior involves recognizing that above all, followers are human beings. Therefore, it's important to be friendly and encouraging to followers.

Participative Behavior

This behavior involves seeking input from followers about methods for improving business operations; followers can often provide input as to what rewards would be desired upon completing tasks.

Achievement Behavior

This behavior involves setting a challenging goal for a follower to meet, and expressing confidence that the follower can meet this challenge. Ideally, a leader should assign a task that is challenging enough to stretch the follower, but not so challenging that the follower will be unable to complete the task.

Directive Behavior

This behavior involves telling followers what to do and how they are to do it; it is essential for a supervisor to be able to clearly communicate what is expected of followers and how they should complete their required tasks.

Communication

This means a manager expects a supervisor to keep him or her informed about a department's performance.

Results

This means a supervisor should see that a department meets or exceeds its objectives.

False

True of False: People with an external locus of control are believed to be better leaders.

False

True or False: A supervisor should focus on the personalities involved in a problem, not on the problem itself and its consequences to his or her organization.

True

True or False: A supervisor should try to find constructive aspects of criticism even if the criticism from a manager is unreasonable.

False

True or False: Servant leaders believe that they should not be overly concerned about those who follow them.

Impoverished Management

Exertion of minimum effort to get required work done is appropriate to sustain organization membership

(b) They focus on leading by adhering to tasks.

Identify a feature of transactional leaders. (a) They do not use incentives as a way to ensure subordinates complete tasks. (b) They focus on leading by adhering to tasks. (c) They avoid monitoring as a means to achieve organizational objectives. (d) They focus on leading by influencing and developing their people.

(b) They delegate responsibility to carry out operations.

Identify a true statement about coaches. (a) They are in a position to make decisions quickly and do not work well during group decision making. (b) They delegate responsibility to carry out operations. (c) They focus on training unqualified resources and grooming them for a job. (d) They are a good analogy for an authoritarian leadership style.

(d) By engaging in fair, predictable behavior

Identify a way supervisors can build trust. (a) By using a transactional style of leadership (b) By having a high tolerance for ambiguity (c) By encouraging groupthink (d) By engaging in fair, predictable behavior

Aware

Servant leaders are aware pf their surroundings. They are aware of the people around them, and they are aware of the differing emotional states of those around them.

Healing

Servant leaders are concerned for the people around them who are in fragile states; They make much effort to help those around them achieve wellness.

Persuasive

Servant leaders are respected by people around them and can convince others of ideas.

A Good Listener

Servant leaders listen intently to the people who surround them. They take time to make sure that those surrounding them are heard and understood.

(d) it reflects the extent to which a leader provides true and accurate feedback to followers

A feature of authentic leadership is that _____. (a) it focuses on leading by adhering to tasks (b) it focuses on incentives and monitoring to ensure subordinates complete an organization's objectives (c) it addresses the spiritual developmental needs of followers (d) it reflects the extent to which a leader provides true and accurate feedback to followers

(c) they focus on leading by influencing and developing their people

A feature of transformational leaders is that _____. (a) they rely on monitoring to ascertain that employees accomplish organizational objectives (b) they focus on leading by adhering to tasks (c) they focus on leading by influencing and developing their people (d) they view incentives as an effective means to ensure subordinates complete tasks

Servant Leader

A leader deliberately chooses to serve other people

Task-Oriented Leader

A leader who focuses on the jobs to be done and the goals to be accomplished

People-Oriented Leader

A leader who is concerned primarily with the well-being of the people he or she managers; This type of leader emphasizes issues such as morale, job satisfaction, and relationships among employees

Democratic Leadership

A leadership style in which the leader allows subordinates to participate in decision making and problem solving

Laissez-Faire Leadership

A leadership style in which the leader is uninvolved and lets subordinates direct themselves

Authoritarian Leadership

A leadership style in which the leader retains a great deal of authority

(c) being impartial in the treatment of employees

A supervisor can act as a role model to employees by _____. (a) using a transactional style of leadership (b) avoiding group decision making (c) being impartial in the treatment of employees (d) having a high tolerance for ambiguity

Middle-of-the-road Management

Adequate organization performance is possible through balancing the necessity to get out work with maintaining morale of people at a satisfactory level

(a) task structure

In the context of Fred Fiedler's contingency theory, a _____ describes specified procedures that employees should follow in carrying out a job. (a) task structure (b) leader-member relationship (c) position power (d) hierarchical structure

loyalty

In the context of trains expected of supervisors, _____ implies that a supervisor says only positive things about his or her manager as well as company policies.

Leading

Influencing people to act (or not act) in a certain way

Authoritarian Leaders

Leaders who are in a position to make decisions quickly.

Democratic Leaders

Leaders who should be used only when there is sufficient time for decision making.

Entrepreneurial Leadership

Leadership based on the attitude that the leader is self-employed; involves believing that one plays a very important role at a company rather than an unimportant one

(a) He should let Jake know that he is dissatisfied with Jake's actions and stress how those actions are affecting him.

Luke observes that his manager, Jake, indulges in unethical work practices. Luke is unhappy and dissatisfied with Jake's actions. What should Luke do to improve his situation at work? (a) He should let Jake know that he is dissatisfied with Jake's actions and stress how those actions are affecting him. (b) He should file a complaint about Jake with concerned authorities. (c) He should talk to his peers about Jake's unethical behavior and seek a consensus on further action.. (d) He should ignore the situation and hope that Jake does not repeat his unethical actions.

Empathic

Not only do servant leaders hear the experiences of other people, but they are also attuned to the intellectual understanding of other peoples' thoughts and feelings.

(c) a sense of responsibility

One of the attributes of good leadership is ______. (a) an external locus of control (b) narrow-mindedness (c) a sense of responsibility (d) sympathy

people-oriented

Patrick, a manager at a fast food joint, goes out of his way to develop a good rapport with his employees and is very concerned about their morale. Patrick is demonstrating _____ leadership.

(d) democratic

When a conflict, a _____ leader asks his or her subordinates to discuss possible solutions and select one. (a) transformation (b) dictatorial (c) laissez-faire (d) democratic

(b) Understanding of and identification with goals (d) Tolerance for ambiguity

Which of the following characteristics of a subordinate must be considered when choosing an effective leadership style? Select all that apply. (a) Levels of self-efficacy (b) Understanding of and identification with goals (c) Physiological needs (d) Tolerance for ambiguity

Authoritarian Leadership

With ______, a leader makes decisions and dictates instructions to employees.