Chapter 9-12 Leap pad PSY

Research by Nathan Caplan implied that the children of the refugee "boat people" fleeing Vietnam achieved greater than usual academic and vocational success. Caplan concluded that children living in extreme situations can flourish if they are raised in a:

Close knit, supportive family

It would be harder for a person in late adulthood to win a game of Jeopardy because:

It takes longer to produce the answers

People differ the most in their learning and memory abilities during:

Late adulthood

Danielle is 37 and Meg is 23. They each had a night of unprotected sex with a man. Danielle should be _____ concerned about this single act resulting in pregnancy because her fertility is _____ than Meg's.

Less ; Lower

Later in life, one's retinas receive_____ then when the person was younger.

Less light

Which of the following provides evidence AGAINST the idea that our development is mostly continuous?

Our brain goes through growth spurts that correspond roughly with Jean Piaget's stages.

Felicity is 64, and as she looks back at her high school and college photos, she notices that she always had a big smile. Which of the following most likely happened to Felicity after marriage?

She enjoyed an enduring marriage until her husband passed away.

Those who emphasize change over stability would choose which of the following statements as an example?

The first two years of life provide a poor basis for predicting a person's eventual traits.

The culturally preferred timing of events such as marriage, parenthood, and retirement is known as:

The social clock

Vivien and Hugh are twins. They were about the same height until they were eleven. What would one expect to occur when they are thirteen?

Vivien will be taller than Hugh

Martin's parents set firm rules but are responsive to his needs. They give him a chance to explain himself and also explain their position on why they cannot allow him to stay out past midnight. Martin's parents have a(n) _____ parenting style.

authoritative

The Markowitz family has a son, Noah, who is exceptionally intelligent and excels in math. However, he lacks social and communicative skills, which limits his ability to sustain normal peer relationships. Noah has been diagnosed with:

autism spectrum disorder

By a week after birth, infants are able to distinguish between their mothers' and strangers':

body odors

Questions about the extent to which maladaptive habits learned in childhood can be overcome in adulthood are most directly relevant to the issues of stability or _____.

change

Dr. Cole's major research interest is the long-term effects of child-rearing practices on the psychological adjustment of offspring. It is most likely that Dr. Cole is a _____ psychologist.

developmental

You just found out that your sister conceived about seven days ago. You rush to find a book on pregnancy so that you can learn more about it. The book says that around the seventh day of pregnancy the cells of the zygote begin to _____.

differentiate

Your cousin miscarried during her eighth week of pregnancy. During what stage of prenatal development did she have the miscarriage?

embryo

In animals, during a brief developmental phase known as a critical period, attachments are formed based on:

familiarity

Infants are unstable when they walk because:

fiber pathways supporting agility continue to improve into puberty

During adolescence, according to Jean Piaget, most individuals achieve the ____ operations stage of intellectual development.

formal

From ages 3 to 6, the brain's neural network is sprouting most rapidly in the _____ lobes.

frontal

Five-year-old Serenity is beginning to show signs of being able to plan ahead in a somewhat rational manner. At her age, this development is likely due to neural networks sprouting in her _____.

frontal lobes

Solvi is a 3-month-old baby who is no longer as interested in a puppet head as she once was. This is probably because she has become _____.

habituated

Less than _____of all _____ survive beyond the first two weeks after fertilization.

half; zygotes

According to Erik Erikson, older adults can most effectively cope with the prospect of their own death if they have achieved a sense of _____.

integrity

Erik Erikson proposed that at this stage of life, people struggle to form close relationships and to gain the capacity for intimate love.

intimacy vs. isolation

These are studies in which the same people are restudied and retested over a long period of time.

longitudinal studies

Research participants are presented with the following scenario: "There is a runaway trolley headed for five people. All will certainly be killed unless you throw a switch that diverts the trolley onto another track, where one person will die. Will you throw the switch?" What are the likely results to this question?

most will say yes

A game of peek-a-boo with his dad excites William during the first 6 months of his life because William actually thinks his dad has disappeared. This is because William lacks:

object permanence

Jarrud thinks he should obey his teachers only if they are carefully watching him. Lawrence Kohlberg would suggest that Jarrud demonstrates a(n) _____ morality.

preconventional

The process that happens at the neural level in adolescence is called _____.

pruning

When an infant gazes more intently at a new stimulus, researchers conclude that the infant recognizes that stimulus as different. It follows that the infant has:

remembered the original stimulus, making the new stimulus seem different.

When a baby's cheek is touched, he will turn toward the touch and open his mouth in search of a nipple. This is known as the _____ reflex.

rooting

According to Jean Piaget, during this stage of cognitive development, object permanence and stranger anxiety are the developmental phenomena that occur.

sensorimotor

John is a star basketball player on the high school team. He is very tall. He is also very popular with both boys and girls. John is more likely to be:

sexually attractive

The extent in which nervous laughter learned in childhood can be overcome in adulthood is most directly relevant to the issues of _____ or change.

stability

Questions about the extent to which maladaptive habits learned in childhood can be overcome in adulthood are most directly relevant to the issues of:

stability and change

Psychosocial development is best reflected in which of the following?

stages

Scientists have found that nicotine can be passed through the placenta. For the unborn children of mothers who smoke heavily, nicotine is a(n):

teratogen

Juan's son was just arrested for setting the school's outdoor shed on fire. Juan and his wife admitted to the police that their son has always had an aggressive streak. This example represents:

the stability side of the "stability and change" developmental issue.

All of the following are difficult for older adults EXCEPT:

vocabulary

The conclusion of many researchers regarding the "stability vs. change" developmental issue is that:

while some characteristics are stable, both stability and change are part of development.

The correct order of prenatal development is:

zygote, embryo, fetus.