Chapter 9, Development psychology

Early maturing girls are ________.

at a higher risk of depression, substance abuse, and eating disorders

Which parenting style is most encouraged in modern America?

authoritative

Adolescents (ages 12-18) experiment with and develop a sense of who they are and what roles they want to play. Erik Erikson would argue that during this period adolescents face the________ task of development.

identity vs. confusion

Which of the following is not a developmental issue children face during the preoperational stage?

object permanence

Which of the following is not one of the reasons for the new lifespan development category called emerging adulthood?

younger average age for marriage

________ development involves growth and changes in the body and brain, the senses, motor skills, and health and wellness.

Physical

Jory, a six-year-old, is picking out a card for his mother's birthday. He picks the card with a picture of Lightning McQueen, reasoning that since he loves Cars, his mother does too. What does this exemplify?

egocentrism

Grasping a toy, writing with a pencil, and using a spoon are all examples of ________ motor skills.

fine

The notion that the manner in which one's brain develops can have a significant impact on a person's cognitive functioning is central to the ________ perspective in developmental psychology.

neuroconstructivist

Britta knows that it is wrong to break into a store that is closed, but there is a medical emergency and she has no cell phone with her. Her date has collapsed on the street and is having a seizure. Britta breaks the window of a local store, unlocks the door, and lets herself in to call the police. She stays behind to explain her behavior to the store owner, who shows up shortly after he is called. Britta is operating at the ________ level of Kohlberg's theory of morality.

post-conventional

A(an) ________ begins as a one-cell structure that is created when a sperm and egg merge.

zygote

Which theorist is credited with proposing the psychosexual stages of development?

Sigmund Freud

Which of the following illustrates conservation?

Deirdre believes that five pennies have more value than two nickels but he doesn't know the value of either coin by itself. b. Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices.

Jules is participating in the Strange Situation experiment. When his mother returns, he freezes, and then behaves erratically. In fact, he runs away from his mother. What kind of attachment is this?

Disorganized

According to Jean Piaget, in what stage do children begin to use abstract thinking processes?

Formal operational stage

Balancing, running, and jumping are all examples of ________ motor skills.

Gross

Which theorist promoted the idea that development is fundamentally affected by one's culture as well as their interactions with their own environment?

Vygotsky

When development proceeds in a stepwise fashion with periods of growth interrupted by periods where growth is not occurring, we'd say that development is taking a(n) ________ trajectory.

discontinuous