chapter 9 - gendron
Generally, no more than ________ of an organization's technology investment should be in trailing-edge technologies.
10-20%
In order to create a technology S-curve, at least ________ points should be plotted as this may give enough data to approximate an S-curve
3-4
________ provides a convenient way to describe a complex concept using a tiered (branch and leaf) approach
A utility tree
ROI = ________.
Any of the above equations can be used to calculate ROI.
. ________ is used to quantitatively evaluate whether to follow a particular course of action or to choose between different courses of action, and can take into account financial considerations as well as intangible attributes
CBA
In the ________ approach to evaluating ICT implementation, utility changes brought about by investment in information technology are examined
ECONOMIC
The ________ tells whether a proposed relationship between the independent and dependent variables in regression analysis are statistically significant
F-statistic
________ includes identifying and evaluating attributes, assigning relative weights, aggregation, and multiple comparisons
MAUT
. ________ is used to determine the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows
NPV
When CBA expected payback cannot be simply calculated, ________ is a better indicator of the financial value derived from an investment
NPV
________ is a financial estimate that includes direct and indirect costs
TCO
"________ is a widely held theory that as a technology becomes more mature and reaches a natural or physical limit, the ability to improve performance takes an ever-increasing amount of effort
THE TECHNOLOGY S-CURVE
The ________ perspective in the BSC includes measurements of market share
customer
During the initial stage of the technology S-curve _______
a lot of experimentation results in less payback
________ is a metric that will allow the organization to determine whether it is meeting its objective
a measure
. The output of a regression analysis indicates an adjusted R-squared value of 0.1095234, which indicates that ________.
a small percentage of the variation in net profit (dependent variable) may be explained by the chosen independent variable
________ is a level at which the organization will determine whether it has met its objective.
a target
A return on investment calculation can ________.
all of the above
Measurements of proposed or existing ICT implementations must be taken to ________.
all of the above
When developing a BSC, the business systems analyst needs to ______.
all of the above
________ is a clear statement of what the organization is attempting to accomplish
an objective
In MAUT, aggregation is often calculated by ________.
average the customer rating within each attribute, and multiplying customer attributes average rating with the manager average importance rating, and then adding the result for each attribute to arrive at a composite score
Translating the vision, communicating and linking, business planning, and feedback and learning are the four processes used in the ________.
balanced score card
________ technologies are new technologies with little or no immediate benefit to an organization
bleeding-edge
________ technologies are often in the development stages and are nascent in the marketplace
bleeding-edge
. When measuring ICT implementations, a business systems analyst must measure ________.
both a and b
BSC provides a balance between ________ indicators.
both a and b
ICT implementation brings value to an organization. This value is shown through ________.
both a and b
ICT infrastructure changes and processes changes can be made through ________.
both a and b
The ________ process in the BSC ties objective to various financial and nonfinancial measures
communicating and linking
In terms of technology justification models, ________ approaches are based on utility and allow "soft" indicators to be analyzed
economic
The amount of satisfaction that something brings to a situation is an attribute of ________.
economic utility
When the correlation statistic is ________, ICT expenditure is unrelated to net profit.
equal to 0
When the correlation statistic is ________, IT expenditures increase proportionally with net profits.
equal to 1
Cost benefit analysis is a tool used in the ________ approach to measuring the value of technology investments
financial
In terms of technology justification models, ________ approaches are those measures traditionally used and understood by accounting staff
financial
In the ________ approach to evaluating ICT implementation, decisions to invest are examined in terms of capital investment options
financial
The ________ perspective of the BSC allows an organization to measure economic impact.
financial/resource
To test for multicollinearity, a correlation matrix should be computed for the ________.
independent variables
Training, outage, and breach are examples of ________.
indirect costs to an organization
In order to determine the Total Cost of Ownership of ICT infrastructure, it is important to consider ________.
indirect expenses as well as direct expenses
Approximately 50-75% of an organization's technology investment should be in ________ technologies
leading edge
The ________ perspective of the BSC emphasizes what the organization must do to create long-term growth and improvement
learning and growth
The variance approach and the process approach ________.
measure ICT payoff
Compared to measuring how ICT affects a process, measuring the overall business value provided by ICT implementation is ________.
more difficult
A dependent variable in regression analysis ________.
neither a nor b
In terms of measurement, customer satisfaction is an example of ________.
soft indicator
________ conditions are those that explain the variance in ICT payoff when measuring the financial payoff brought about by ICT infrastructure implementation
sufficient
The ________ can provide organizations with some guidelines regarding how to allocate their investment in technology
technology trend curve
. In terms of the technology S-curve, a company should adopt a new technology when ________.
that new technology is just entering the steep stage of the curve
A correlation matrix for two independent variables within a regression analysis was found to equal 0.224 This means ________.
that there is a low correlation between the two variables
ROI is used to compare two alternatives for technology investment. Based on ROI, Option 1 would be chosen over Option 2 when ________.
the ROI for Option 1 is higher than that for Option 2
________ is a unified manner to monitor ICT projects and to determine ICT payoff
the balanced score card
Financial/resource, customer, internal business process, and learning and growth are ________.
the perspectives of the BSC
________ technologies may be suitable to meet today's needs, but may be expensive to maintain and expensive or impossible to modify
trailing-edge
The first process in BSC is ________.
translating the vision
The amount of satisfaction that something brings to a situation" defines ________.
utility
A ________ is clear statements indicating the value delivered by an organization to its customers
value proposition
The vertical axis (y-axis) when creating a technology S-curve ________.
will indicate the performance criteria