Chapter 9 - Lifespan Development

Ross has learned that he has Parkinson's disease, and that in time he will lose some of his cognitive faculties. He and his wife have a lawyer draw up a document that names her a health care ________ who will be able to make medical decisions for Ross when he is unable to do so for himself. A. proxy B. beneficiary C. designee D. executor

A. proxy

A(an) ________ begins as a one-cell structure that is created when a sperm and egg merge. A. zygote B. fetus C. placenta D. embryo

A. zygote

During Jean Piaget's ________ stage, the world is experienced through what we can take in through our perceptual systems and how we can move our bodies. A. concrete operational B. sensorimotor C. preoperational D. formal operational

B. sensorimotor

18-month-old Gordon learned the schema for apples. When Gordon sees tomatoes at the grocery store, he says, â Look mommy, apples!â His mother tells him that the food he sees at the store is a tomato, not an apple. He now has separate schemata for tomatoes and apples. This exemplifies ________. A. assimilation B. accommodation C. reversibility D. seriation

B. accommodation

Victoria has learned that she has metastatic breast cancer and has only a few months to live. She immediately goes to church and prays that she will â change her ways and will become a model Christian if God will just heal her illness. Victoria is at the _______ stage of grieving. A. bargaining B. denial C. depression D. anger

A. bargaining

What does nature refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate? A. genes and biology B. language acquisition C. environment and culture D. cognitive capacity

A. genes and biology

Jules is participating in the Strange Situation experiment. When his mother returns, he freezes, and then behaves erratically. In fact, he runs away from his mother. What kind of attachment is this? A. avoidant B. disorganized C. resistant D. secure

B. disorganized

Balancing, running, and jumping are all examples of ________ motor skills. A. native B. gross C. reflexive D. fine

B. gross

What is an advanced directive? A. An indication of what a person wants for their own funeral ceremonies (including requesting that no funeral be held). B. A statement of what a person wants done with their estate, including who their possessions should go to. C. A legal document that provides specific interventions that a person wants. D. A legal document that bars anyone from providing resuscitative care if one's heart should stop or they stop breathing.

C. A legal document that provides specific interventions that a person wants.

________ are concepts (mental models) that are used to help us categorize and interpret information. A. Cognitions B. Categories C. Schemata D. Prototypes

C. Schemata

Which of the following illustrates conservation? A. Joseph saves his energy by brushing his teeth in the shower but doesn't realize that he is wasting water that way. B. Rebekah recycles her glass bottles but not her cell phone batteries because she doesn't think they can be recycled. C. Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices. D. Deirdre believes that five pennies have more value than two nickels but he doesn' t know the value of either coin by itself.

C. Scott knows that one piece of pizza cut into two slices is the same amount as cutting the same piece of pizza into three slices.

Early maturing girls are ________. A. more confident B. more likely to go to college C. at a higher risk of depression, substance abuse, and eating disorders D. less likely to drop out of high school

C. at a higher risk of depression, substance abuse, and eating disorders

During Piaget's proposed ________ stage of development, children understand events and analogies logically, and they can perform simple mathematical operations. At the same time they lack the ability to think abstractly. A. sensorimotor B. preoperational C. concrete operational D. formal operational

C. concrete operational

The goal of hospice care is to provide A. medical options for the treatment of terminal illnesses so that death can be avoided. B. liaisons to experimental treatments that might not be readily available for some patients. C. death with dignity and pain management in a humane and comfortable setting. D. legal options for family members making medical decisions on the part of another.

C. death with dignity and pain management in a humane and comfortable setting.

Madeline is seven months old. Her mother is eating a cookie and Madeline wants some. Her mother hides the cookie under a napkin, but Madeline is not fooled. She knows the cookie is still there. What does this exemplify? A. object permanence B. stranger anxiety C. egocentrism D. reversibility

A. object permanence

________ development involves learning, attention, memory, language, thinking, reasoning, and creativity. A. Emotional B. Cognitive C. Artistic D. Psychosocial

B. Cognitive

Which theorist is credited with proposing the psychosexual stages of development? A. Lawrence Kohlberg B. Sigmund Freud C. Erik Erikson D. Jean Piaget

B. Sigmund Freud

Emily is a doctoral student in psychology. She plans to use ________ to complete her doctoral paper, asking individuals to self-report important information about how their thoughts, experiences, and beliefs differ over a 10-year period. A. case studies B. naturalistic observations C. surveys D. experiments

C. surveys

According to Jean Piaget, in what stage do children begin to use abstract thinking processes? A. sensorimotor B. preoperational C.formal operational D. concrete operational

C.formal operational

Which parenting style is most encouraged in modern America? A. permissive B. authoritarian C. disorganized D. authoritative

D. authoritative

What does nurture refer to in the nature vs. nurture debate? A. sexual preference B. genetics C. biology D. environment and culture

D. environment and culture

Age-specific approximations of when a certain skill or ability should first occur in normal development are called developmental ________. A. norms B. markers C. boundaries D. milestones

D. milestones

Elroy decided not to cheat on the exam because he would fail the class if he was caught and he'd get punished by his parents. What stage of moral development does this exemplify? A. conventional B. post-conventional C. formal operational D. pre-conventional

D. pre-conventional

Umberto is a one year old, and his mother is sensitive and responsive to his needs. He is distressed when his mother leaves him, and he is happy to see her when she returns. What kind of attachment is this? A. disorganized B. resistant C. avoidant D. secure

D. secure