chapters 16 to 19 h.n.

During the second trimester, a normal weight mother will gain how much weight?

1 pound per week

To minimize risk for food-borne illness, ground beef should be used within _______ days of storage in the refrigerator.

1-2

What is the EAR for energy in older adult maless?

2000 g/day

One should have at least a _______ days supply of food for emergency use.

3

A preschool-age child is between the ages of ________.

3 to 5 years

_____________ is a naturally occurring compund in foods that form food is heated to high temperatures.

Acrylamide

Forty-year old Kent has a family history of Alzheimer's disease. What recommendations do you have for Kent to reduce his risk for Alzheimer's disease?

All of the choices are correct.

Which of the following practices is the most reliable way of sanitizing impure water?

Boiling the water

This is responsible for neurodegenerative diseases in cattle.

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)

Which of the following minerals is often lacking in the diets of older adults?

Calcium

This bacteria is considered by many food scientists as the number one agent that causes foodborne illness.

Campylobacter jejuni

Which of the following statements is true?

Caregivers should not give popcorn, grapes, and cut-up raw vegetables to infants.

Infants should not be fed honey because it can contain ________.

Clostridium botulinum spores

Which of the following statements is true?

In the United States, life expectancy is about 79 years.

Why is cow's milk not recommended for infants?

Its protein content is too high.

Anna enjoys grilling hamburgers, but she wants to reduce the chances that her food preparation practices result in food-borne illness. Which of the following steps should she avoid?

Thawing the frozen ground meat on the kitchen counter.

________ is a federal program that provides funds to state governments to help specific populations obtain certain supplemental foods and nutrition education.

WIC

The number of calories a child needs will vary depending on what factors?

all of these are factors

This is a nutrient of importance, but the RDA does not go up, as the body increases the absoprtion of this nutrient.

calcium

To help children develop good nutritional habits, ________.

let children make some choices about the food they eat

Bernice is 91 years of age. Her ________ is likely to have a negative influence on her nutritional status.

low annual income

Reduced ________ is a normal physiological change associated with aging.

thirst sensation

Infant iron stores are typically exhausted by ________ of age and need to be replaced by their diet.

4 to 6 months

How long do various professioal organizations suggest to exclusievly breastfeed for?

6 months

A high birth weight infant weighs more than _______ pounds at birth.

8.8

Which of the following statements are true?

All of the choices are correct.

A maternal practice that can be harmful to the fetus is ________.

All of these choices are accurate.

WIC aims to ________.

All of these choices are accurate.

Why are adolescents at risk for iron deficiency anemia?

All of these choices are accurate.

With the possible exception(s) of ________, human milk provides sufficient amounts of all the nutrients needed during the first 6 months of life.

All of these choices are accurate.

Which of the following foods is not a likely source of food-borne pathogens?

Dried apricots

________ is a common sign or symptom of early pregnancy that occurs in many healthy pregnant women.

Fatigue

________ often transmit pathogens to food.

Flies

Which of the following micronutrients is needed for proper neural tube development?

Folate

Which of the following pesticides controls the spread of molds that damage crops?

Fungicide

Which form of arthritis invovles the build up of uric acid crystals?

Gout

The following substances were detected in a can of food. Which of the substances is an intentional food additive?

High-fructose corn syrup

Which of the following statements is true?

Human milk naturally contains antibodies and immune cells that are not in infant formulas.

________ is the average length of time a person born in a specific year can expect to live.

Life expectancy

The bacteria most commonly associated with unpasteurized milk and cheeses

Listeria monocytogenes

Nyala is 20 weeks pregnant and has read online about the potential benefits of taking a particular over-the-counter medication to help with management of some of the symptoms she has been experiencing during her pregnancy. Which of the following statements about medication use during pregnancy is FALSE?

Most medications have been tested in pregnant women and have been deemed safe by the FDA.

Adolescence is considered what?

Period of time that begins at puberty and ends at adulthood

Which of the following statements is true?

Pregnant women, very young children, and people who have weakened immune systems have high risk of food-borne illness.

Which of the following reflexes causes an infant to turn its head and open its mouth as the baby's cheek is stroked?

Rooting reflex

Which of the following is not considered a risk factor for preeclampsia?

Woman age 28 years at time of conception

Instead of a double cheeseburger from a fast food restaurant for lunch, the hungry adolescent could make a healthier choice by choosing ________ instead.

a grilled chicken sandwich with lettuce and tomato

Which of the following can pass through the placenta to the fetus?

alcohol

Age-related dementia includes ________.

all of these are correct

Most infants are physically ready to start eating solid foods when they ________.

can sit up with some back support

During the first few days after giving birth, the new mother's breasts produce ________.

colostrum

The signs and symptoms of most food-borne illnesses generally occur in the ________ system.

digestive

During which trimester is the most critical time for development?

first

Clint is 82 years of age. Compared to when he was 27 years of age, his ________ now.

kidney cells don't function as well

The primary carbohydrate in the diet of most infants is ________.

lactose

During her 6th month of pregnancy, Miranda was diagnosed with preeclampsia. As a result of this condition, Miranda has a higher risk of giving birth to a ________ infant than a pregnant woman who does not experience hypertension.

low birth weight

For the average pregnancy, which tissue or component contributes most significantly to the normal weight gain experienced during pregnancy?

maternal fat stores

Compared to preschoolers, older children tend to eat ________.

more foods away from home

According to the damage or error theory of aging, ________.

organs simply wear out with use and abuse

The ________ is the organ of pregnancy that transfers nutrients and oxygen from the mother's bloodstream to the embryo/fetus.

placenta

________ is the loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength combined with an increase in body fat.

sarcopenia obesity

Margaret is 87 years of age. Compared to when she was 27 years of age, her ________ now.

stomach secretes less intrinsic factor

All of the following are recommendations of the FDA in regards to the selection and use of cutting boards EXCEPT ________.

to use wood cutting boards made from a soft wood

Which of the following structures pass from the placenta to the embryo/fetus?

umbilical cord

A ________ is simply a piece of genetic material coated with protein.

virus

An increased requirement for ________ during pregnancy is due to its role with proper eye development.

vitamin A

Which of the following nutrients can cause birth defects in the fetus when taken in large amounts during the first trimester?

vitamin A

A low birth weight infant weighs less than _______ pounds at birth.

5.5

During the first year of life, the infant increases in length by ________% over what it was at birth.

50

What factor(s) contributes to childhood obesity?

All of these choices are correct.

Which of the following statements is true?

An undercooked hamburger patty is the most likely source of aflatoxin.??

The declining organ functioning and the increase vulnerability to diseases is known as ________.

senescence

Forty-year old-Mateo has a family history of Alzheimer's disease. What recommendations do you have for Mateo to reduce his risk for Alzheimer's disease?

All of these choices are correct.