Chapters 48, 49, 62,63 & 64

Which patient statement indicates the need for further teaching about measures to prevent back pain for factory workers?

"Standing straight and still during my shift will improve my posture and reduce back pain."

Which instructions does the nurse include when teaching a patient about endurance exercise? Select all that apply.

"Start at a low level of effort." "Start with warming up the muscles." "Gradually progress to a moderate level."

A patient who works at a desk and uses a computer develops repetitive strain injury (RSI). Which ergonomic instructions does the nurse provide to the patient? Select all that apply.

"Take hourly stretch breaks while working at your desk." "Keep the wrist straight to type." "Keep your hips and knees flexed to 90 degrees with the feet flat while sitting." "Keep your wrist straight when typing, and keep the top of the computer monitor level with your forehead."

Which instruction would the nurse give a patient who is prescribed metformin and complains of an "upset stomach" after ingestion of the medication?

"Take metformin with food to decrease gastrointestinal (GI) side effects."

A patient, admitted with type 1 diabetes, asks the nurse what "type 1" means. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

"The body produces autoantibodies that destroy beta cells in the pancreas."

Which instructions would the nurse give the patient who has a history of diabetes about foot care? Select all that apply.

"Wear shoes and socks." "Walk regularly and exercise." "protect feet from extreme cold and heat"

The nurse reviews the treatment plan for a patient with compartment syndrome and questions which items that are listed on the plan? Select all that apply.

Applying cold compresses Elevating the limb above heart leve

Which is the most useful initial nursing action for a patient who sustains a knee sprain?

Applying ice compresses to the injured area

Which risk factor is associated with macrovascular complications of diabetes mellitus?

Obesity

Which action would the nurse take first when teaching the patient with type 2 diabetes to become an active participant in his or her care?

Assess the patient's understanding of the disease.

The nurse would instruct the patient with diabetes to fast for which period of time when scheduled for a fasting blood glucose level at 8:00 a.m.?

At least 8 hours

Which drug would the nurse plan to teach a patient about who has been diagnosed with hyperthyroidism, asthma, and heart disease?

Atenolol

Which clinical manifestations of severe serum sodium level decline would the nurse assess in a patient who has cerebral edema associated with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? Select all that apply.

Coma Lethargy Confusion headache

A patient with a leg fracture is scheduled for a fasciotomy. Which complication is identified as having caused the need for this type of surgery?

Compartment syndrome

A patient with a long leg cast reports pain in the toes. The nurse discovers that the toes are pale and cool to the touch with intact pulses and minimal neuropathy. The findings indicate that the patient may be experiencing which complication?

Compartment syndrome

The nurse is completing a neurovascular assessment on a patient with a tibial fracture and a cast. The patient's foot is pulseless, pale, and cool, and the patient reports numbness in the foot. The nurse suspects which condition?

Compartment syndrome

Which endocrine problem is more common in men than in women?

Ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone production

An RN is teaching a student nurse about polyphagia in diabetes type 2 patients. Which reason regarding the occurrence of polyphagia in diabetes given by the student nurse indicates a need for further learning?

Increased levels of insulin in the blood

Which complications would be associated with an insulin level more than 0.6 U/kg of body weight? Select all that apply.

Increased protein synthesis Enhanced glycogen storage in muscle Enhanced fat deposition in adipose tissue Decreased release of stored glucose from liver

A patient with diabetes mellitus has a blood glucose level of 680 mg/dL and minimal ketone levels in the urine. Which other finding would the nurse observe in the laboratory reports?

Increased serum osmolality

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse document that correlate with the development of diabetes mellitus in a patient with a history of acromegaly? Select all that apply.

Increased thirst Increased utination

A patient who experiences delayed bone healing is scheduled for electrical bone growth stimulation. The nurse recalls that the procedure promotes healing by which mechanism of action?

Increases the calcium uptake of bones

The unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) reports to the nurse that a patient with diabetes is slow to respond, pale, and diaphoretic. Which priority intervention would the nurse take?

Obtain a bedside glucose reading

Which interdisciplinary team member can help to increase patient independence with assistive devices that simplify tasks for a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Occupational therapist

Which stage of rheumatoid arthritis is characterized by increased joint inflammation that spreads across cartilage into the joint cavity?

Stage 2

Which organism may be causing bone pain that is unrelieved by rest and seems to worsen with activity for a patient who had a total hip replacement less than one month ago?

Staphylococcus epidermidis

Which factors may precipitate gout? Select all that apply.

Starvation Niacin administration Aspirin administration

Which instruction would the nurse give a patient when teaching about the importance of self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) using a glucometer? Select all that apply.

Test blood glucose whenever hypoglycemia is suspected. Test blood glucose before and after exercise. Take a blood sample from the side of the finger pad.

Which joint surgery involves removing a slice of bone?

Osteotomy

Which knee assessment finding does the nurse expect for a patient who has osteoarthritis of the knees?

Pain with joint movement

A patient with an injury to the distal humerus experiences compartment syndrome. The nurse identifies that which assessment findings are associated with this complication? Select all that apply.

Paralysis of the arm Pallor Pain unrelieved by opioids Absence of the peripheral pulse

Which nursing intervention would be included in the plan of care for a patient with a diagnosis of hypothyroidism?

Patient teaching related to levothyroxine

Which medication blocks the hepatic production of insulin-like growth factor-1 in a patient with acromegaly?

Pegvisomant

Which nursing intervention is the priority for a patient hospitalized with osteomyelitis who has a prescription for bed rest with bathroom privileges, with the affected foot elevated on two pillows?

Perform frequent position changes and range-of-motion (ROM) exercises.

Which instruction regarding the Credé's maneuver would the nurse give to a patient with diabetes mellitus who has a neurogenic bladder causing urinary retention?

Perform mild massage downward over the lower abdomen and bladder.

A patient with a cast for a fractured radius reports, "My fingers feel numb." Which is a priority nursing action?

Performing a neurovascular assessment

Which complication of diabetes can be diagnosed by the ankle-brachial index?

Peripheral arterial disease

A patient is experiencing rheumatoid arthritis (RA) with decreased function of the joint. If the problem is not corrected, which complication can occur?

Permanent loss of function

Which nursing intervention would be taken to provide relief to a patient who is complaining of a severe headache after a hypophysectomy?

Elevate the head of the bed to a 30-degree angle

The nurse identifies that which interventions are appropriate for a patient who has undergone finger joint arthroplasty? Select all that apply.

Elevate the operative hand. Assess for signs of infection at the site of surgery. Teach the patient to wear the splints while sleeping. Assist the patient in performing hand exercises, such as flexion and extension. Teach the patient to avoid lifting heavy objects.

Which components may result in metabolic syndrome? Select all that apply.

Elevated BP Decreased levels of high-density lipoproteins (HDL)

Which laboratory results would confirm overt hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply.

Elevated triiodothyronine (T3) level Elevated free T4 level Low TSH level

The nurse is caring for a patient with a fractured femur. Which are appropriate nursing actions? Select all that apply.

Elevating the extremity Marking the location of pulses Assessing for compartment syndrome Applying ice packs to the injured area Giving tetanus prophylaxis if there is a break in skin integrity

After admitting a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) to the emergency department, which nursing intervention is a priority?

Establish IV access

A patient tells the nurse, "I know I just got the long leg cast on my leg this morning, but I really want to try walking with my crutches." The nurse informs the patient that this activity is not permitted based on which primary rationale?

Excess edema and other problems are prevented when the leg is elevated for 24 hours.

Which treatment is given to a patient with pheochromocytoma to control high BP before surgery?

Phenoxybenzamine

A patient has undergone an arthroplasty of the knee with prosthetic replacement of the knee joint. Which does the nurse expect to find in the patient's treatment plan?

Physical therapy to achieve full knee flexion

A patient with a history of type 2 diabetes is diagnosed with heart failure. Which medication would be a poor choice for controlling the patient's diabetes?

Pioglitazone

Which medication is the drug of choice for a patient who has insulin resistance?

Pioglitazone

A transsphenoidal hypophysectomy involves surgical resection of which gland?

Pituitary

Which intervention may help to alleviate lower back pain caused by a herniated lumbar disc?

Place a 10-inch high pillow under the knees while the patient is lying on their back

The nurse prepares discharge education for a patient with a hip fracture who has been treated by insertion of a prosthesis using a posterior approach. Which information does the nurse include in the instructions? Select all that apply.

Place a chair inside the tub and remain seated while washing. Inform the dentist about the prosthesis before any dental work. Keep the hip in a neutral, straight position when sitting or lying.

Which technique will the nurse use to turn a patient in the postoperative phase of spinal surgery?

Place a pillow between the patient's legs and turn the body as a unit.

Which primary manifestation is associated with bursitis?

Swelling

Which disorder is characterized by excessive secretion of the hormone vasopressin?

Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion

A patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) experiences an unacceptable amount of pain and limited range of motion (ROM), especially in the elbows, wrists, and fingers. The nurse anticipates a prescription for which procedure?

Synovectomy

hich symptom indicates that a patient with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus is experiencing hyperglycemia?

Polydipsia

Which nursing intervention would promote a reduction in the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in a patient with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?

Positioning the head of the bed flat

The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a knee arthroplasty. Postoperatively, which does the nurse expect to find in the patient's treatment plan?

Progressive leg exercises to obtain 90-degree flexion

Which condition is a complication of gout?

Secondary osteoarthritis (OA)

Which laboratory finding indicates that gentamicin treatment for osteomyelitis is contraindicated?

Serum creatinine: 3.4 mg/dL

Which statement is true about pheochromocytoma?

Severe pounding headaches and profuse sweating are clinical features

After administering glucagon to an unconscious patient, the nurse would place the patient in which position?

Side lying

Which is an insulin-dependent tissue?

Skeletal muscle

Which instructions will the nurse include when teaching a patient who has impaired physical mobility related to low back pain due to a herniated lumbar disc? Select all that apply.

Sleep on a side-lying position. Apply heat to the affected area. Maintain a body mass index (BMI) of 18.5 to 24.9.

A patient's blood glucose level before breakfast is 324 mg/dL. The nurse reviews the electronic medical record and notes that the patient receives a high dose of insulin each evening at bedtime. The nurse suspects that the patient's hyperglycemia is most likely due to which problem with insulin therapy?

Somogyi effect

Which actions may help to control symptoms of systemic exertion intolerance disease (SEID)?

Taking an antiinflammatory drug for pain or fever

Which patient action indicates a need for further teaching about taking alendronate for the treatment of osteoporosis?

Taking the medication immediately before bed

Which effect will a coexistence of human leukocyte antigen (HLA-DR3) and a viral infection have on the glucose level of a patient?

Excessive increase in the glucose level

Which physiologic factor is related to the development of Cushing syndrome?

Excessive secretion of adrenocorticosteroid hormones

Which symptom reported by a patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus is considered one of the classic clinical manifestations of diabetes?

Excessive thirst

Which findings are associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.

Excessive thirst Frequent urination Unexplained weight loss

The nurse reviews the diagnostic results of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and expects which findings? Select all that apply.

High C-reactive protein (CRP) Increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) Increased white blood cell (WBC) count of the synovial fluid

Which laboratory values support the diagnosis of primary hypothyroidism?

High TSH level, low thyroxine level

Which type of fracture is most common in adults greater than 65 years of age

Hip fracture

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient following an external fixation of the tibia. The nurse identifies that it is critical to include which patient assessments? Select all that apply.

Indications of infection Pin loosening

A patient with osteoarthritis is scheduled for a total knee arthroplasty. The nurse identifies that the surgery will be postponed if the patient experiences which condition?

Infection

A patient sustains a severe hip injury with dislocation in the posterior direction. Joint aspiration reveals hemarthrosis. Which diagnosis does the nurse suspect?

Intraarticular fracture

A patient with joint deterioration from osteoarthritis is recommended for a total hip arthroplasty (THA). The patient asks the nurse how this will relieve the discomfort. Which explanation does the nurse give?

It can provide significant pain relief for patients with joint deterioration from arthritis by replacing the ball-and-socket joint as well as the upper shaft of the femur.

Which statement is characteristic of metformin?

It decreases hepatic glucose production

Based on the information below, which finding would the nurse conclude places this patient at greatest risk for pseudomonal osteomyelitis?

IV drug abuse

A patient with a fracture of the femur is being treated with Buck's traction. How does the nurse explain the functions of Buck's traction to the patient? Select all that apply.

It immobilizes the fracture. It reduces muscle spasms. It prevents or reduces pain

Which activity may precipitate bursitis?

Kneeling repeatedly

The nurse discusses a patient's debridement of a shoulder with a nursing student. The nurse explains that debridement involves the removal of which items from the joint? Select all that apply.

Joint debris Osteophytes Pieces of cartilage

A patient is experiencing osteoarthritis. The nurse reviews the patient's x-ray report and expects which finding?

Joint-space narrowing

Which discharge instructions does the nurse give to a patient with a cast? Select all that apply.

Keep the extremity elevated as much as possible Report a fever or a foul odor coming from beneath the cast.

The nurse is caring for a patient with skeletal traction for an extremity fracture and takes which actions to maintain the traction? Select all that apply.

Keep the weights off the floor. Elevate the end of the bed as needed. Make sure that the traction ranges from 5 to 45 pounds (2.3 to 20.4 kg)

A patient with type 2 diabetes who takes oral hypoglycemics at home is admitted to the hospital with an infection and asks why insulin injections have been prescribed. Which explanation would the nurse provide?

The infection increases the glucose level, resulting in a need for more insulin

For a patient who presents with an enlarged thyroid gland but has normal thyroid levels, which type of goiter would be documented in the patient's medical record?

Nontoxic

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient three days after the patient underwent a total hip arthroplasty (THA). The nurse assesses the patient and notes increased pain, an oral temperature of 101.5°F, and a decreased willingness to participate in physical therapy. Which action does the nurse take?

Notify the health care provider of a potential postoperative infection

Following an amputation of the left lower extremity, a patient reports shooting pain and heaviness in the area of the missing leg. The nurse identifies that which intervention may improve the patient's symptoms?

Using mirror therapy

Which rationale is accurate when explaining to a patient with hypothyroidism and coronary artery disease (CAD) as to why the use of an enema is contraindicated?

Vagus nerve stimulation

Which medication may be prescribed for a patient with diabetes mellitus who is diagnosed with osteomyelitis of the foot?

Vancomycin

Which body part of the patient is at risk for superior mesenteric artery syndrome when sustaining a fracture?

Vertbrea

The nurse reviews the test results of a patient who reports shoulder weakness with decreased range-of-motion (ROM). Which activity is unlikely to have contributed to the patient's condition?Working with vibrating power tools

Working with vibrating power tools

Which joint is a common site for surgical fusions?

Wrist joint

The nurse is teaching a nursing student about the common sites for a synovectomy. Which understanding about the surgical sites by the student indicates effective learning? Select all that apply.

Wrist joint Finger joint Elbow joint

The nurse would encourage a patient newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes to limit intake of which foods to help reduce the percent of fat in the diet?

cheese

A patient presents to the emergency department after an accident with injury to the right leg. A radiograph of the right femur shows a fracture. Which does the nurse include during the peripheral vascular assessment of the patient? Select all that apply.

color edema capillary refill

Which condition can lead to a secondary cause of diabetes?

cushing syndrome

Which foods would the nurse encourage a patient with diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease to limit intake of to help reduce the percentage of saturated fat in their diet?

dairy products

A patient arrives in the emergency department after sustaining a fall. The initial assessment reveals that the left leg is shorter than the right and externally rotated. Which condition does the nurse suspect?

fractured hip

Which hormone has both mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid properties?

hydrocortisone

A patient with diabetes has an increased serum osmolality and a blood glucose level of 610 mg/dL. The nurse would monitor this patient for which complication?

seizures

Which test is more reliable to diagnose pheochromocytoma?

urinary creatinine

When teaching a group of athletes about reducing the risk of sprains and strains before vigorous exercise, which instruction does the nurse include?

warm up before exercising

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with Gottron's sign?

Dermatomyositis

Which condition can result if hypersecretion of growth hormone (GH) occurs after epiphyseal plate closure?

Acromegaly

Which laboratory finding indicates significant inflammation in the patient with cellulitis and osteomyelitis?

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) 88

Which condition correlates with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) after a head injury?

Increased intravascular volume

Which factor would be seen in syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)?

Increased intravascular volume

Which condition may be observed due to incorrect fluid replacement with hypotonic fluids in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis?

cerebral edema

Which condition is associated with the symptoms of numbness and a "pins and needles" sensation in the thumb, middle, and index finger, especially at night?

Acromegaly

While caring for a patient whose pancreas has been transplanted, which instruction given by the student nurse to the patient would need correction by the nursing instructor?

"Regular monitoring of glucose level is required."

Which nursing intervention would help prevent the sudden release of catecholamines and sudden hypertension in a patient with a pheochromocytoma?

Avoiding palpations of the stomachs abd

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with fatigue and muscular aches in the shoulder and pelvis, and a raised, scaly rash on the knuckles?

Dermatomyositis

he nurse teaches a nursing student about traction. Which statement made by the student reflects effective learning?

"Traction provides immobilization to the joint or body part."

The nurse provides information to a nursing student about hand surgery. When asked about the primary goals of hand surgery, which statement made by the student indicates the need for further teaching?

"A primary goal is to correct the deformity of the hand."

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who has difficulty breathing, along with symptoms suggestive of Raynaud's phenomenon?

Scleroderma

Which symptoms may indicate involvement of an internal organ for a patient with scleroderma? Select all that apply.

Dysphagia Dental caries Esophageal dysfunction

A patient with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) reports being awakened at night due to tingling and numbness in the hands. Which activity does the nurse suggest to relieve the symptoms?

"Wear a hand splint throughout the night."

Which statement by the student nurse indicates understanding of treatment for acute osteomyelitis?

"IV antibiotics are usually required for several weeks."

The nurse provides education for a community group related to osteoporosis. Which statement made by a member of the group indicates the need for further education?

"In adults over 65 years old, hip fracture occurs more often in men than in women because of osteoporosis."

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with red spots on the hands, forearms, palms, face, and lips?

Scleroderma

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse assess in a hospitalized patient diagnosed with Graves' disease? Select all that apply.

Dysrhythmias Systolic murmurs Systolic hypertension

A patient with diabetes who takes long-acting and mealtime insulin calls the ambulatory center with complaints of an upper respiratory infection and has a decreased appetite, fever, and cough. Which instructions would the nurse give the patient? Select all that apply.

"Any illness can cause a hormone response that can result in hyperglycemia. "If you are sick, you should check your blood sugar every four hours, even if you are not eating regularly."

While caring for a patient showing signs of dawn phenomenon, the student nurse teaches the patient ways to avoid an increased level of blood glucose in the morning. Which instruction indicates a need for further learning?

"Decrease your insulin intake."

Which question will the nurse ask to differentiate between the pain of a lumbar herniated disc and lower back pain from other causes?

"Does the pain radiate down the buttock or into the leg?

Which question would the nurse ask a patient with polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia to rule out a false-negative glucose result?

"Have you recently taken acetaminophen?"

The nurse provides education for a patient who has injured the anterior crucial ligament (ACL) and is scheduled for reconstructive surgery. The nurse recognizes that the patient, who is a soccer player, needs more teaching when the patient makes which statement?

"I am anxious to play soccer in the next tournament in three months."

The nurse is completing an admission history for a patient with osteoarthritis who has been admitted for a knee arthroplasty. When the nurse asks the patient why the procedure is being performed, which does the nurse anticipate the patient will state?

"I have chronic knee pain"

The nurse provides discharge instructions for a patient who has undergone total hip arthroplasty. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the instructions?

"I have to do the physical therapy exercises several times a day."

Which statement made by the patient being treated conservatively for hyperparathyroidism indicates that the discharge instructions have been understood?

"I should exercise regularly."

The nurse provides discharge education for a patient who has undergone a total knee arthroplasty. Which statement made by the patient indicates the need for additional teaching?

"I should expect that my knee may change shape."

The nurse has taught a patient admitted with diabetes, cellulitis, and osteomyelitis about the principles of foot care. Which statement made by the patient indicates the patient understands the principles of foot care?

"I should look at the condition of my feet every day."

Which patient statement indicates a need for further teaching about proper body mechanics for a patient with a history of low back pain caused by a herniated lumbar disc?

"I should pick up items by leaning forward without bending my knees.

The nurse is performing discharge education for a patient newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism and is beginning thyroid hormone therapy. Which statement by the patient to the nurse confirms that discharge teaching was effective?

"I should take my levothyroxine every morning before eating my breakfast."

The nurse provides discharge teaching for an older patient who underwent a total hip arthroplasty. The nurse identifies the need for further instruction when the patient makes which statement?

"I will maintain my hip in adduction and internal rotation."

The nurse teaches a patient about radioactive iodine (RAI) therapy for the treatment of hyperthyroidism. Which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further instruction?

"I will need to take antithyroid drugs for six to nine months after I begin RAI therapy."

Which statement made by the patient with diabetes indicates a need for further teaching about management of hypoglycemia?

"I will recheck my glucose level 30 minutes after eating 15 g of carbohydrate."

After discussing prevention of type 1 diabetes complications with the nurse, the patient is correct when making which statement?

"It is important that I take my blood pressure medication to help prevent kidney damage."

A patient diagnosed with hyperthyroidism received radioactive iodine one week ago. The patient tells the nurse, "I don't think the medication is working. I don't feel any different." Which is the best response by the nurse?

"It may take several weeks to see the full benefits of the treatment."

A nurse is evaluating an overweight patient in the adult ambulatory clinic for a yearly physical. The patient has a family history of type 2 diabetes and is afraid of developing this disease. How would the nurse respond?

"Metabolic abnormalities, such as insulin resistance and being overweight, play a role in developing type 2 diabetes."

The nurse provides education for an athlete about how to avoid sprains and strains and includes which suggestions? Select all that apply.

"Perform balance exercises." "Perform strengthening exercises." "Perform muscle warming-up exercises before vigorous activities."

The nurse teaches a nursing student about postoperative therapy for a patient who has undergone a knee arthroplasty. Which statement made by the student indicates effective learning?

"Physical therapy begins early with isometric quadriceps exercises."

Which statement indicates specific postoperative care for a patient who underwent finger joint arthroplasty?

"The operated extremity will have a bulk dressing and must be elevated."

Which statement by the student nurse indicates understanding of the cause of severe pain associated with a tumor on the left leg?

"The tumor may be pressing on nerves near the bone."

Which statement by the student nurse indicates understanding of primary osteosarcoma?

"This malignancy is often associated with prior radiation."

When reviewing the diabetic self-care management with a patient newly diagnosed with diabetes, which statement made by the patient indicates a need for further education?

"To toughen my skin so I do not get pressure sores, I should rub my feet down with rubbing alcohol after my bath."

What instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient who is receiving radioactive iodine (RAI)?

"Towels that are used by you should not be used by other family members."

The nurse teaches a nursing student about traction. Which statement made by the student reflects effective learning?

"Traction provides immobilization to the joint or body part.

A patient with type 2 diabetes who takes metformin daily to manage blood sugar is scheduled for scan with IV contrast. Which question by the nurse is most important to ask the patient when preparing for the procedure?

"When was the last time you took your metformin?"

The nurse provides education to a group of nursing students. The nurse reviews a case study of a patient that presented to the hospital with a fractured humerus, received a cast, and developed compartment syndrome. The students were asked to provide a summary of appropriate nursing care for this patient. Which statement made by a student indicates the need for further education?

"With compartment syndrome, elevate the extremity above the heart level."

A patient diagnosed with acromegaly has developed speech difficulties and asks what is causing the problem. Which response by the nurse is accurate?

"You have developed the condition due to overgrowth of the tongue."

Which nursing interventions would the nurse implement for a patient status after a subtotal thyroidectomy? Select all that apply.

Administer analgesics for postoperative pain. Assess for signs of tetany. Assess the patient every two hours for signs of bleeding

A patient experiences an unstable wrist fracture. Which type of cast will most likely be prescribed for the patient?

Long arm cast

Which intervention would be done immediately if a patient with adrenocortical insufficiency develops Addisonian crisis?

Administer large volumes of saline and dextrose

Which immobilization device is best for a patient with an unstable wrist fracture?

Long arm cast

A patient with type 2 diabetes wants to stop taking metformin and to manage the diabetes with diet and exercise. Which responses by the nurse are accurate? Select all that apply.

...

Which instruction would the nurse give the patient with hyperthyroidism about dietary intake?

...

To promote optimal absorption, the nurse would instruct a patient to take their levothyroxine at which time?

0600

Which image of typical deformities of rheumatoid arthritis shows ulnar drift?

1

Which disease is treated with corticosteroidal hormonal therapy?

Adernal insufficiency

When caring for patients who undergo a total hip arthroplasty (THA), the nurse recalls that prophylactic anticoagulant drugs are given for at least how many days postoperatively?

10-14 Days

Which fasting blood glucose range indicates prediabetes?

100-125

During which timeframe would the nurse monitor the patient for hypoglycemia after administering 10 units regular insulin subcutaneously at 8:30 p.m.?

10:30 p.m. to 1:30 a.m

Which level of urine cortisol in a 24-hour period indicates Cushing syndrome?

110

A patient receiving IV vancomycin needs to have a trough drug level drawn. The medication will infuse over 60 minutes and the next dose is due to be given at 1300. The nurse should obtain a blood sample at which time?

1230

A patient with type 1 diabetes mellitus presents to the emergency department with a 2-day history of vomiting, weakness, increased thirst, and increased urination. Serum electrolyte results include sodium 155 mEq/L, potassium 3.0 mEq/L, glucose 550 mg/dL, and sodium bicarbonate 10 mEq/L. Which nursing intervention is appropriate?

Administer IV potassium

A patient who is in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is on a continuous short-acting insulin infusion and is receiving a continuous infusion of normal saline solution. Which assessment is the highest priority for this patient?

Cardiac monitoring

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient who underwent a total hip arthroplasty and takes which action to prevent venous thromboembolism (VTE)?

Administer Warfarin

At what time would the nurse instruct the patient to monitor the blood sugar if dawn phenomenon is suspected?

3am

As part of a wellness program, the nurse recommends balance exercises. Which does the nurse explain as the primary benefit of the exercises?

To prevent falls

The nurse is examining a patient who is in a body jacket brace. The nurse suspects that the brace is applied too tightly based on which assessment findings? Select all that apply.

ABD pain Nausea and vomiting Increased abdominal pressure

Which components are associated with metabolic syndrome? Select all that apply.

Abdominal obesity Elevated glucose levels Elevated BP

Which patients will the nurse assess for signs and symptoms of osteomyelitis? Select all that apply.

A 60-year-old diabetic who has a blunt injury A 50-year-old man who underwent a total hip replacement A 30-year-old man with a tibia fracture and a deep wound over it

The nurse assists in performing annual wellness visits for patients and identifies that which patients are at risk for repetitive strain injury (RSI)? Select all that apply.

A dancer A musician A competitive swimmer A butcher

Which condition occurs in hyperosmolar hyperglycemia syndrome (HHS) but not in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)?

Absence of ketones

During a health-screening event, which assessment finding would alert the nurse to the possible presence of osteoporosis?

A measurable loss of height

What patient is at greatest risk for developing colon polyps and colorectal cancer and should have a screening colonoscopy every three to four years?

A patient with acromegaly

The nurse teaches a group of nursing students about shoulder replacement surgery and describes which ideal candidate for this type of procedure?

A patient with severe pain and a history of RA

Which persons are the most suited for diabetes screening? Select all that apply.

A person with hypertension A person who is physically inactive A person with polycystic ovarian syndrome

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse assess in a patient with hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply.

A positive bruit upon auscultation of the thyroid gland A goiter Clubbing of the fingers

Which symptom reported by a patient would lead the nurse to suspect early undiagnosed type 2 diabetes?

A wound that will not heal

A patient is admitted to the hospital with an open fracture. Which actions does the nurse take to prevent infection of the wound? Select all that apply.

Administer prophylactic antibiotics before surgery. Administer tetanus and diphtheria prophylaxis.

Which intervention will be beneficial for a patient with a blood glucose level of 250 mg/dL who is receiving treatment for hyperosmolar hyperglycemic syndrome?

Administering IV fluids containing glucose

Which interventions will the nurse include when caring for a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)? Select all that apply.

Administering a massage Applying warm compresses Recommending avoidance of strenuous physical activity

A patient is at risk for developing a deep vein thrombosis after a knee replacement surgery. Which intervention reduces the risk of this complication?

Administering prophylactic anticoagulant drugs

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient following a knee joint replacement and takes which measures to prevent constipation? Select all that apply.

Administers stool softeners and laxatives Advises the patient to eat more fruits and vegetables Advises the patient to consume 2000 to 3000 mL of fluids per day Advises the patient to consume a high-fiber diet

A patient whose laboratory report shows a blood glucose level of 290 mg/dL, serum bicarbonate of 13 mEq/L, serum potassium of 3 mEq/L, and arterial blood pH of 6 is on therapeutic management. At a follow-up visit, the patient has severe hypokalemia (2 mEq/L). Which therapeutic intervention might have caused severe hypokalemia in this patient?

Administration of 0.1 U/kg/hr of insulin

Which factor may be the cause of iatrogenic Addison's disease?

Adrenal hemorrhage

The nurse would plan to teach a patient with Addison's disease about the need for which primary treatment?

Adrenocorticosteroid replacement therapy

Adrenocortical insufficiency develops secondary to inadequate secretion of which pituitary hormone?

Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)

A patient with a fracture of the right tibia has been advised to use a cane. Which instructions does the nurse give to this patient? Select all that apply.

Advance the left leg last. Advance the right leg first. Hold the cane in the left hand

Which treatment plan does the nurse expect will initially be prescribed for a patient with osteomyelitis?

Aggressive, prolonged IV antibiotic therapy

Which measures does the nurse take to reduce muscle spasms when a patient experiences a musculoskeletal injury? Select all that apply.

Align the affected extremity appropriately. Use thermotherapy on the affected extremity. Place the affected extremity in a comfortable position.

A patient experiences a greenstick fracture. The nurse reviews the patient's x-ray results and expects which finding?

An incomplete fracture with one side splintered and the other side bent

Which type of thyroid cancer is the least likely to respond to treatment and has the poorest prognosis?

Anaplastic

A patient injures an ankle severely during a football game. Diagnostic studies indicate that the patient broke the ankle and damaged articular surfaces. The nurse expects which treatment plan?

Ankle fusion

Which condition does the nurse suspect in a patient with a traumatic ligament tear caused by a combination of excessive deceleration force and limb rotation?

Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear

Which action does the nurse take to prevent footdrop in a patient who has a long leg cast?

Apply a splint to keep the foot in a neutral position.

Which medications may be prescribed for a patient who reports feeling frustrated with unexplained, persistent, relapsing chronic fatigue not substantially alleviated by rest, and flulike symptoms? Select all that apply.

Antihistamines Tricyclic antidepressants Nonsteroidal analgesics

When providing care for a patient who has undergone hip replacement surgery, which interventions does the nurse perform to prevent thromboembolism? Select all that apply.

Applies an intermittent pneumatic compression device Promotes early ambulation Administers low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH), such as enoxaparin Administers a prophylactic anticoagulant drug, such as warfarin

Which hormone plays a key role in the regulation of water balance and osmolarity?

Arginine vasopressin

A patient with a history of frostbite on the distal areas of the toes on both feet is scheduled for amputation of the damaged tissue. Which assessment finding or diagnostic study is the most objective indicator for locating the level of the patient's injury?

Arteriography showing blood vessels

Which condition may occur if treatment for Lyme disease is delayed?

Arthritis

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient following shoulder surgery. The nurse assists the patient with physical therapy exercises to prevent which complication?

Arthrofibrosis

The nurse anticipates a prescription for which type of surgery for a patient with osteoarthritis who experiences instability due to severe deterioration of the knee joint?

Arthroplasty

When performing the physical examination of a patient, how does the nurse assess the function of the peroneal nerve? Select all that apply.

Assess dorsiflexion of the foot. Assess sensation in the web space between the first and second to

Which interventions will the nurse include when caring for a patient following lumbar fusion? Select all that apply.

Assess extremity circulation Monitor peripheral neurologic signs. Report severe headache to the surgeon.

A patient is being treated for a vertebral injury. After the application of a body brace jacket, the patient reports abdominal pain and pressure, nausea, and vomiting. Which is the nurse's priority assessment?

Assess the abdomen for decreased bowel sounds through a window in the brace

Which pathophysiologic cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus is correct?

Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic β-cells

Which mechanism is altered in individuals with type 1 diabetes?

Autoimmune destruction of the β-cells of the pancreas

Which syndrome would be suspected in a patient who has Addison's disease along with other endocrine conditions?

Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome

The nurse is caring for a patient with a reported fracture of the tibia. A plaster cast has been applied to the patient. Which interventions are important for the care of the cast during the drying period and immediately thereafter? Select all that apply.

Avoid direct pressure on the cast. Handle the cast gently with an open palm. Place several strips of tape over the rough edges.

When teaching a group of elderly patients about techniques for preventing musculoskeletal problems, the nurse includes which information? Select all that apply.

Avoid excessive weight gain. Remove throw rugs in the home. Ensure an adequate intake of vitamin D. Change positions and rise to standing slowly

Which instructions would the nurse provide to a patient undergoing radioactive iodine therapy in the outpatient setting? Select all that apply.

Avoid preparing food for others. Launder personal towels, bed linens, and clothes separately at home. Avoid being close to pregnant women or children for seven days after therapy.

Which instructions would the nurse include in a teaching plan for a patient who has a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) and is newly diagnosed with hypothyroidism? Select all that apply.

Avoid using enemas. Avoid using sedatives. Take the prescribed medication before breakfast

Which factor may increase pain for a patient with a history of a herniated lumbar disc and lower back pain?

Bending forward

Which action may increase pain for a patient with a history of a herniated lumbar disc and low back pain?

Bending or lifting

Which drug is used for treating neurogenic bladder?

Bethanechol

The nurse advises a diabetic patient on insulin therapy who reports headaches on awakening and a history of night sweats to reduce the dose of insulin and have a bedtime snack. Which finding supports the nurse's instructions?

Blood glucose levels: 60 mg/dL between 2 AM and 4 AM

Which food selection for a patient with osteoporosis who is trying to improve calcium intake indicates the need for additional teaching?

Boiled egg, carrot and lettuce salad, and a fresh cut apple

Which diagnostic tests may be ordered to determine the cause of pain in the right hip that increases in intensity with activity, fever, swelling and tenderness for a patient who sustained a fall one week ago without a fracture? Select all that apply.

Bone tissue biopsy Radionuclide bone scans MRI

Which medications may be prescribed for a patient diagnosed with scleroderma? Select all that apply.

Bosentan Reserpine Cyclophosphamide

A patient with a goiter mentions losing 60 pounds in three months on a "raw food diet." Which foods, if eaten in great excess, would the nurse suspect as the cause of the goiter?

Broccoli

Which is a key benefit associated with strengthening exercises?

Building of bone density

Which are the closed sacs that are lined with synovial membrane, contain a small amount of synovial fluid, and are located at sites of friction in the joints?

Bursae

A coal miner with a history of rheumatoid arthritis reports pain, swelling, and a limited range of motion in the knee joints. Which diagnosis does the nurse suspect?

Bursitis

Which assessment finding is a classic feature of systemic lupus erythematosus?

Butterfly rash

Which diagnostic tests help to determine the severity of osteoarthritis and plan the course of treatment? Select all that apply.

CT scan MRI

Which clinical manifestations may indicate that scleroderma has developed for a patient with Raynaud's phenomenon? Select all that apply.

Calcinosis Sclerodactyly Telangiectasia Difficulty swallowing

Which laboratory finding may be associated with metastatic bone cancer in the left leg?

Calcium 11.0 mg/dL

Which laboratory abnormality will the nurse expect for a patient with morbid obesity and a history of hyperlipidemia who complains of muscular weakness in the pelvic region and of difficulty walking?

Calcium 7.0 mg/dL

Which clinical manifestations are associated with diabetes mellitus type 2? Select all that apply.

Candida infection Recurrent infections Recurrent vaginal yeast Prolonged wound healing

Which assessment finding does the nurse expect when caring for a patient who sustained a crush injury to the hand?

Capillary refill > 2 seconds

A nurse is caring for a 62-year-old man with a history of hypertension and type 2 diabetes who has been admitted to the inpatient unit for pneumonia. The nurse enters the patient's room to complete an admission assessment and notices that the patient has slurred speech and right-sided weakness. After calling the rapid response team, which action would the nurse take next?

Check blood glucose

A patient hospitalized with diabetes has become shaky, anxious, and diaphoretic. Which action would the nurse implement first?

Check the blood glucose level

When evaluating a patient's technique of performing self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), which action by the patient would indicate a need for additional teaching?

Chooses a puncture site in the center of the finger pad

Which assessment would be a priority for a patient who is postoperative following a thyroidectomy?

Chvosteks sign

Which medications may induce diabetes? Select all that apply.

Clozapine Phenytoin Prednisone

Which symptom would the nurse expect to see in a patient suspected of having hypothyroidism?

Constipation

Which conditions may cause a patient to develop diabetes mellitus? Select all that apply.

Cystic fibrosis Hyperthyroidism Hemochromatosis Recurrent pancreatitis

Which findings are associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? Select all that apply.

Dehydration Hyperglycemia Ketosis

Which conditions may lead to a coma in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis if left untreated? Select all that apply.

Dehydration Metabolic acidosis Electrolyte imbalance

Which clinical manifestation is seen with Addison's disease?

Delusions

Which clinical manifestation is associated with osteoarthritis (OA)?

Crepitation in the weight-bearing joints

Which assessment finding may be associated with osteoarthritis of the knees?

Crepitus upon movement of knee joints

Which disorder is characterized by fat pads on the back of the neck, an increased abdominal girth, a "buffalo hump," and a "moon" face?

Cushing syndrome

Which type of adrenal disorder is illustrated?

Cushing syndrome

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students about knee arthroplasty. The nurse states that this type of surgery is performed to treat which patient condition?

Debilitating joint pain

For which complication would a 35-year-woman who had a hypophysectomy and who developed a deficiency of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) be at risk?

Decreased fertility weight

Which condition is the goal for treating hypocalcemia?

Decreasing the pH

Which definition describes osteoarthritis (OA)?

Degeneration of articular cartilage in synovial joints

Which description is associated with osteoarthritis (OA)?

Degeneration of cartilage in synovial joints

Which term refers to the joint changes associated with osteoarthritis?

Degenerative

The nurse discusses amputations with a group of nursing students. The nurse states that candidates for amputation surgery are patients with which history findings? Select all that apply.

Diabetes Osteomyelitis Peripheral vascular disease (PVD)

Which complication may arise if pheochromocytoma is left untreated?

Diabetes Mellitus

Which complication can be monitored by annual screening using a monofilament?

Diabetic Neuropathy

Which complication of diabetes can be treated with hyperbaric oxygen?

Diabetic foot ulcers

Which complication of diabetes can cause hypoglycemic unawareness?

Diabetic neuropathy

Which condition does the nurse suspect if a patient experiences a severe injury to the ligament around the humerus bone?

Dislocation

A college student, newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, has a headache, changes in vision, and is anxious, but does not have the portable blood glucose monitor with him or her. Which action would the campus nurse advise the patient to take?

Eat 15 g of simple carbohydrates

Which instructions will the nurse include when educating a patient with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) about small joint protection?

Do not knit or sew for long periods

Which instruction would the nurse teach a patient with Addison's disease about corticosteroid therapy?

Do not stop taking abruptly

Which defining characteristics are associated with the Somogyi effect? Select all that apply.

Documented morning hyperglycemia Avoided by consuming a bedtime snack Treated with a lower dose of insulin in the evening Documented hypoglycemia between 2:00 AM and 4:00 AM

Which signs/symptoms would the nurse expect to find upon physical examination in a patient admitted with diabetic ketoacidosis?

Dry skin and Kussmaul respirations

Which medications would be beneficial in a patient with diabetes mellitus who complains of numbness and a tingling sensation in the lower extremities? Select all that apply.

Duloxetine Gabapentin Amitriptyline

The nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of impaired physical mobility related to decreased muscle strength for a patient who has undergone a total knee replacement. Which is an appropriate nursing intervention for this patient?

Encourage isometric exercises.

The nurse formulates a nursing diagnosis of impaired physical mobility related to decreased muscle strength for a patient following left total knee replacement. Which is an appropriate nursing intervention for this patient?

Encourage isometric quadriceps setting exercises.

Which action will the nurse include when caring for a patient diagnosed with fibromyalgia?

Encouraging the patient to reduce the intake of coffee and alcohol

Which key factors could be linked with diabetes mellitus type 1? Select all that apply.

Endogenous insulin is absent in diabetes mellitus. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is more common with people of young age. Diabetes mellitus type 1 is diagnosed in 5% to 10% of the total diabetes cases. Requirement of insulin is mandatory in all the cases of diabetes mellitus type 1.

The nurse is preparing to move a patient who has undergone a right total knee arthroplasty from the bed to the chair. Which action does the nurse take to protect the knee joint while transferring the patient?

Ensures a knee immobilizer is in place

Which clinical manifestation is a classic finding in Graves' disease?

Exophthalmos

Which findings are associated with stage III rheumatoid arthritis (RA)?

Extensive cartilage loss on x-ray

The nurse plans care for a patient who has a fractured femur. During the 24 to 48 hours after the fracture, the nurse monitors the patient for the development of which complication?

Fat embolism syndrome

A patient sustains a femoral shaft fracture. The nurse identifies that the patient is at risk for which complications? Select all that apply.

Fat embolism syndrome (FES) Nerve and vascular damage Problems associated with bone fusion Soft tissue damage Open fracture

Activity intolerance in a patient with hypothyroidism is related to which side effect?

Fatigue

Which type of adult is most at risk for carpel tunnel syndrome (CTS)?

Female with diabetes

Which interventions will benefit a pediatric patient who has Duchenne muscular dystrophy? Select all that apply.

Fitting for an orthotic jacket Prescribing corticosteroid therapy

The nurse is caring for a patient with a fractured femur who experiences fat embolism syndrome (FES). The nurse anticipates that which will be included in the patient's plan of care? Select all that apply.

Fluid administration Correction of acidosis Blood transfusions

Which parameter is monitored that would indicate a corticosteroid imbalance after surgery in a patient with Cushing syndrome?

Fluid intake

Which characteristic is seen in syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH)?

Fluid retention

Which complications are associated with hyperparathyroidism? Select all that apply.

Fractures Osteoporosis Kidney stones

Which intervention would the nurse take for a patient with hyperaldosteronism?

Frequent BP measure

Which is a symptom of autonomic neuropathy?

Gastroparesis

The nurse would monitor for increases in which laboratory value in a patient being treated with dexamethasone?

Glucose

A nurse completes an assessment and notes that a patient's thyroid gland is enlarged. With which condition is this finding consistent?

Goiter

Which condition is characterized by violet or erythematous papules and small plaques that may develop over the distal interphalangeal or metacarpophalangeal joint areas?

Gottron's papules

A patient is hospitalized with severe bleeding in the leg. An x-ray of the leg reveals that the periosteum is intact across the fracture and that the bone is still in alignment. Which type of fracture does the patient have?

Greenstick fracture

Which hormone is secreting excessively if a patient with a pituitary tumor has developed excessive height and increased hat size and shoe size?

Growth Hormone GH

Which effect does an increased level of plasma insulin-like growth factor-1 have on growth hormone levels?

Growth hormone levels are elevated

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient with a painful deformity of the great toe with swelling of the bursa and formation of callus over the bony enlargement?

Hallux valgus

Which postoperative care is included in the nursing care plan of a patient who undergoes a finger joint arthroplasty?

Hand exercises for 10 to 12 weeks

Which type of nodules occur on the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of the fingers in a patient with osteoarthritis (OA)?

Heberden's nodes

When teaching the patient with diabetes about repaglinide, which instruction regarding the timing of the medication would the nurse teach the patient?

Immediately before meals

The patient presents to the emergency department with a femur fracture. Which nursing intervention does the nurse implement to prevent fat embolism syndrome (FES)?

Immobilize the fracture preoperatively.

The nurse is caring for a patient immediately after the patient sustained a hip fracture. Which nursing action is performed first?

Immobilizing the affected extremity

The nurse cares for a patient who experiences a severe hip injury. Which condition places the patient at risk for avascular necrosis?

Inadequate blood supply to the bone

The nurse provides care for a patient who has sustained a fracture of the femur. Which interventions does the nurse perform to ensure a healthy diet for optimal healing of the injured tissues? Select all that apply.

Include 1g/kg of protein daily. Include foods rich in vitamins C and D. Increase calcium-rich foods in the diet

During a follow-up visit to learn about management of hypoglycemia, a patient's blood glucose level was found to be 65 mg/dL. Which action by the patient might be responsible for this?

Including whole milk in the diet

Which measures to prevent bone fracture will the nurse teach a patient recently diagnosed with osteoporosis? Select all that apply.

Increase exposure to sunlight to at least 20 minutes a day. Conduct weight-bearing exercises, such as tennis or walking. Eat foods such as cottage cheese, sardines, and turnip greens.

The patient is brought to the emergency department following a car accident and is wearing medical identification that says the patient has Addison's disease. Which collaborative intervention would be included in the plan of care for this patient?

Increased glucocorticoid replacement

Which intervention is the priority for a patient who has a severe headache and slightly yellow drainage on the dressing to the incisional area following a spinal surgery?

Inform the primary health care provider.

The nurse would implement which nursing action when caring for a patient with syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)?

Initiate seizure precautions

Which is a meniscus injury?

Injury to fibrocartilage discs of the knee

Which factor may lead to coexistence of hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia?

Insulin receptors do not respond to the insulin, and the production of insulin increases

The nurse educates a group of nursing students about treatment for carpal tunnel syndrome. When differentiating between open release surgery and endoscopic carpal tunnel release surgery, the nurse lists which advantages of the endoscopic approach? Select all that apply.

It may allow a faster recovery. It may lead to less postoperative discomfort.

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students about the osteotomy procedure to relieve joint pain and includes which information?

It may be used to correct a kyphotic deformity in patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient with osteoporosis about taking alendronate?

It must be taken with a full glass of water

How is cryotherapy beneficial in the treatment of a soft tissue injury?

It reduces muscle spasms

A patient with osteoarthritis is scheduled for a total left knee arthroplasty. The nurse assesses the patient carefully preoperatively to verify that there is no evidence of which condition?

Left knee infection

Which symptoms may be observed in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? Select all that apply.

Lethargy soft and sinker eyes fruity breath

Which clinical manifestation would the nurse assess in a patient admitted with hyperparathyroidism?

Lethargy and weakness

Which information would the nurse include in the teaching plan for a patient scheduled for a total thyroidectomy about recovery after the procedure?

Lifelong hormone replacement will be needed

A patient experiences tearing of a ligament as a result of shearing applied to a joint. Which diagnosis does the nurse suspect?

Ligament injury

Which drug would the nurse give to a patient who has type 2 diabetes and the presence of albumin in the urine?

Lisinopril

A patient with osteomyelitis of the tibia may initially present with which assessment finding?

Localized pain and warmth

Which arthritic disorder is transmitted by the bite of an infected deer tick?

Lyme disease

To help delay the development of type 2 diabetes, which instructions would the nurse recommend to a patient who has an oral glucose test value of 160 mg/dL? Select all that apply.

Maintain a healthy weight Monitor for polyuria, polyphagia, and polydipsia. Regularly monitor blood glucose and glycosylated hemoglobin levels.

Which nursing inventions would be included in the plan of care for a patient who had a parathyroidectomy? Select all that apply.

Monitor intake and output. Ensure that IV calcium is available. Assess for numbness and tingling of the hands and mouth.

A patient who underwent surgery for acromegaly complains of postoperative headache and running nose. Which actions would the nurse take to resolve the problems within 72 hours? Select all that apply.

Maintain bed rest. Elevate head of the bed to 30 degrees.

Which term describes repetitive physical activity that results in osteoarthritis?

Mechanical stress

How does gender factor into the prevalence of osteoarthritis (OA)? Select all that apply.

Men experience hip OA more often than women. Women have a higher incidence of hand OA than men

Which drug would be administered to control glucose levels in a patient with endogenous Cushing syndrome and who has a history of type 2 diabetes?

Mifepristone

Which medication is categorized as a starch blocker?

Miglitol

Which nursing intervention would be included in the plan of care for a patient who underwent a transsphenoidal hypophysectomy?

Monitor pupillary response and speech patterns.

Which actions will the nurse take before initiating gentamicin therapy for a patient with acute osteomyelitis? Select all that apply.

Monitor serum creatinine levels. Check for symptoms of dehydration.

Which nursing interventions would be included in the plan of care for a patient after a thyroidectomy? Select all that apply.

Monitor vital signs and calcium levels. Check for muscular twitching or tingling in the toes Assess the patient for irregular breathing or neck swelling

The nurse is caring for a patient with a dislocated hip. The nurse recalls that this type of injury is associated most commonly with which event?

Motor vehicle collisions

A patient experiences a nondisplaced fracture. Which condition can potentially displace the fracture in the patient?

Muscle spasm

A patient is admitted to the hospital for a scheduled knee arthroplasty. To determine the type of assistive devices needed postoperatively for ambulation and activities of daily living, the nurse performs which assessments? Select all that apply.

Muscle strength in the upper extremities Joint function of the upper extremities

Which postoperative drug class is used in the pain management of patients following joint surgical procedures?

Oral opioids

A patient with tendonitis experiences a recurrence of symptoms. The nurse expects that which assistive device will be included in the patient's plan of care?

Orthosis

A patient has a dysfunction of the pituitary gland. Which hormone secretion may be altered in a patient with a dysfunction of the pituitary gland?

Prolactin

A patient reports to the nurse having visual problems and is found to have a compressed optic chiasm. Which condition could be the reason for this complication?

Prolactinomas

A patient with type 1 diabetes reports feeling shaky and lightheaded and is pale and sweaty. The nurse would take which immediate action?

Providing the patient with a glucose tablet

The nurse provides care for a patient with a mandibular fracture and prominent swelling around the mouth. The nurse collaborates with the dietitian and patient to plan a diet with adequate calories, protein, and fluids. Which does the nurse include in the plan? Select all that apply.

Prune juice Bulk-forming laxatives Liquid protein supplements

Which diagnosis does the nurse expect for a patient who presents with a low-grade fever, conjunctivitis, arthritic pain in the long joints that is asymmetric, and who recently had a genitourinary infection?

Reactive arthritis

Which instruction would the nurse give the patient with adrenocortical insufficiency and the caregiver regarding management of corticosteroid therapy?

Recognize edema and ways to restrict sodium intake

Which assessment finding supports the nurse's suspicion that a diabetic patient has necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum?

Red-yellow lesions, with shiny atrophic skin

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse assess in a patient with hyperthyroidism? Select all that apply.

Weight loss Protrusion of the eyeballs Elevated BP

Which goal of the treatment plan for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) would be the initial focus?

Rehydration through IV fluid replacement

A patient with osteoarthritis (OA) who experiences consistent knee pain undergoes an osteotomy. Which is an expected finding during the postoperative period?

Relief from pain

Which information will the nurse include when teaching a patient about muscular dystrophy?

Remaining active will prevent skin breakdown and respiratory complications or distress.

Which types of health education would a nurse provide to a patient who is on corticosteroid therapy? Select all that apply.

Restrict sodium intake. Maintain a high-protein diet. Ensure adequate rest and sleep.

Which complication of diabetes mellitus can be monitored by fundus photography?

Retinopathy

The nurse reviews the medical record of a patient with bursitis and identifies that which history finding is associated with the condition?

Rheumatoid arthritis

Which assessment finding indicates that treatment with gentamicin for osteomyelitis in the left femur should be discontinued?

Ringing sensation in the ear

Which assessment technique will the nurse perform to elicit a response for confirmation of radicular pain related to a herniated lumbar disc?

Straight-leg-raising test

A patient is found to have a partially dislocated shoulder. How does the nurse document this finding?

Subluxation

Which condition is characterized by muscle atrophy and tendon destruction causing one joint to slip past the other?

Subluxation

The nurse is providing postoperative care two days after a patient underwent surgical repair of a fractured hip. Which assessment finding indicates the need for immediate nursing action?

Sudden SOB

The nurse reviews a test result of a patient with bursitis and notes bursal wall thickening that interferes with normal joint function. Which treatment does the nurse anticipate will be prescribed for the patient?

Surgical excision of bursae

Which clinical manifestations would be assessed in a patient who is in diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)? Select all that apply.

Tachycardia Kussmaul respirations Orthostatic hypotension Hypovolemic shock state

Which clinical manifestations would the nurse assess in a hospitalized patient experiencing exophthalmos? Select all that apply.

Tachypnea Increased appetite Bounding, rapid pulse

The nurse suspects that a patient is experiencing fat embolism syndrome (FES) after sustaining a femur fracture based on which assessment findings?

Tachypnea, tachycardia, shortness of breath, petechial rash on the chest and neck

Which instruction, in relation to mealtimes, would the nurse give to a patient who is prescribed lispro?

Take it within 15 minutes of mealtime.

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students and provides which description of carpel tunnel syndrome (CTS)?

The compression of the median nerve that enters the hand through the narrow confines of the carpal tunnel

The nurse provides postoperative care for a patient following a joint replacement surgery. The patients asks the nurse why an intermittent pneumatic compression device is prescribed. Which explanation does the nurse give?

The device promotes blood return to the heart.

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students about sports-related injuries and includes which definition of impingement syndrome?

The entrapment of soft tissues and nerves under the coracoacromial arch of the shoulder

The nurse is teaching care guidelines to the parent of a child with hypothyroidism. During the follow-up visit, the nurse suspects that the child may be receiving ineffective treatment. Which action of the parent supports the nurse's suspicion?

The parent gives the child a thyroid supplement after meals

A patient who works at a desk and uses a computer reports persistent pain and stiffness in the neck. Which action by the patient may be the cause of the symptoms?

The patient elevates the wrist when typing.

The nurse provides education for a group of nursing students about the removal of osteophytes from a shoulder joint and includes which information?

The surgical procedure is done in an outpatient setting.

A patient who had surgery for the treatment of acromegaly asked about the possibility of becoming pregnant. The nurse's response would be based on which physiologic factor?

There will be a permanent loss of hormones.

Which drug dose would be reduced to lower the risk for diabetes in patients with hypertension and prediabetes?

Thiazides

Which class of drugs used to treat diabetes may be referred to as "insulin sensitizers"?

Thiazolidinediones

Which condition can be prevented with anticoagulant drugs in a patient who underwent orthopedic surgery?

Thromboembolism

A patient with a history of hypoparathyroidism would be assessed for which condition?

Thyroidectomy

Which rationale is accurate for checking Trousseau's sign in a patient following a subtotal thyroidectomy?

To assess for parathyroid gland injury

A patient with a fracture of the femur has the extremity in skeletal traction and is encouraged to use an overhead trapeze apparatus. Which is the primary purpose of the overhead trapeze?

To facilitate independent movement while the patient is in bed

The nurse has applied Buck's traction to a patient who has sustained a fractured femur. Which are the main purposes of this type of traction? Select all that apply.

To reduce muscle spasms To immobilize and stabilize the fracture

Which are the goals of surgery in the treatment of chronic joint diseases? Select all that apply.

To relieve chronic pain To correct deformity To remove diseased cartilage To improve joint mobility

Which are the main objectives when performing a femoral osteotomy in a patient with hip osteoarthritis (OA)? Select all that apply.

To relieve pain To restore alignment To improve joint movement To shift weight bearing

Which instruction will the nurse include when teaching a patient with osteoarthritis (OA) about taking prescribed ibuprofen 800 mg every eight hours for pain?

Try to take ibuprofen with food.

A patient fell on the right elbow and reports severe pain. The nurse suspects a fracture of the humerus. During the neurovascular examination of the patient, which nerves does the nurse assess? Select all that apply.

Ulnar nerve Median nerve Radial nerves

The nurse discusses hip resurfacing arthroplasty with a group of nursing students. The nurse states that this type of procedure may be an option for which type of patient?

Under age 60

Which symptoms are associated with Reiter's syndrome? Select all that apply.

Urethritis Cervicitis Conjunctivitis Mucocutaneous lesions

Which assessment finding would be increased in a patient with diabetes insipidus?

Urine output

Which nonsurgical pain relief measures will the nurse suggest to a patient with hammer toe?

Use a metatarsal arch support

Which instructions will the nurse include when teaching a patient with lower back pain about pain prevention measures? Select all that apply.

Use a pillow for sitting. Bend at the knees when lifting heavy objects. Consult health care provider about exercising.

Which instruction would the nurse include in the teaching plan about emptying the bladder for a patient who has diabetes and a neurogenic bladder?

Use the Credé maneuver to completely empty the bladder

Which factor is associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus?

Viral infection

Which exercise will the nurse suggest to a patient with asthma, low back pain from a herniated lumbar disc, and hypertension?

Walking

The nurse informs a patient who underwent an orthopedic surgery that the patient's prothrombin time will be measured daily. The nurse identifies that this type of monitoring is prescribed when a patient takes which medication?

Warfarin

A patient is admitted to the orthopedic surgical unit for a fracture of the left tibia. Which instructions does the nurse give concerning the prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE)? Select all that apply.

Wear compression gradient stockings. Dorsiflex and plantar flex the ankle of the left leg against resistance. Perform range-of-motion (ROM) exercises on the right leg.

Which clinical manifestation would be most prominent in the assessment of a patient with suspected Cushing syndrome?

Weight gain, including truncal obesity

he nurse reviews the medical record of a patient with inflammation of the periosteal bone along the anterior aspect of the calf. When the patient reports persistent pain, the nurse anticipates which prescription?

X-ray to rule out tibial stress fracture

Which statements made by the nurse to a patient newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes would be included in a teaching plan? Select all that apply.

You should decrease your dietary sugar intake." "I will teach you how to self-administer your insulin." "You should monitor your blood sugar as prescribed."

Which symptom would the nurse assess in a patient with acromegaly?

increase in shoe size

Which effect may be observed if large amounts of endogenous corticosteroids are released into systemic circulation during surgery on a patient with Cushing syndrome?

infections

Which complication would the nurse include in the teaching plan when educating a patient about possible postsurgical complications related to a hypophysectomy?

infertility

Which treatment is useful in decreasing the serum ketone level in patients with diabetic ketoacidosis?

insulin therapy

During a follow-up visit, after a knee fracture, a patient reports an increase in muscle spasms. The nurse suspects that which action performed by the patient may be the cause of the increase?

massaging the muscle

Which drug may result in weight gain as a side effect?

meglitindes

Which nursing intervention is most important for a patient with diabetes insipidus?

monitor fluid input and output

Which pathologic change is the cause of microaneurysms in nonproliferative retinopathy?

partial blood vessels occlusion