Chapters 5 and 6 Civil Rights/ Liberties Test 2019

Which statement best summarizes Justice Kennedy's opinion?

Same-sex couples are unfairly harmed by states' denial of their legal marriage.

Which of the following constitutional provisions would the author cite to support the opinion?

The equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the two court cases (United States v. Lopez (1995) and McDonald v. Chicago (2010))? A) Declared an act of Congress unconstitutional. Found that the personal right to own firearms is protected by the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. B) Set limits to Congress' power under the commerce clause. Recognized the importance of state sovereignty and local control. C) Allowed for the possession of firearms on public school property. Ruled that state laws were supreme to national laws. D) Resolved uncertainty left in the wake of District of Columbia v. Heller as to the scope of gun rights in the states. Declared the Gun-Free School Zones Act unconstitutional.

A

What was the effect of the opinion in Schenck v. United States?

As long as speech does not present a clear and present danger, it is allowed.

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of substantive and procedural due process? a) Deals with "the how" of the law, or steps in carrying out the law Must be followed by the states, not the federal government b) Followed when the ideas or points of the law are fundamentally fair and just Focuses on the manner in which government acts towards its citizens c) Applicable because of the Fifth Amendment, not the Fourteenth Amendment Was violated in the Roe v. Wade case according to the Supreme Court d) Must be followed by the federal government, not state governments Is followed when Congress follows the legislative process in lawmaking

B

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the two court cases (Brown v. Board of Education and Roe v. Wade)? a) Required all-black schools to have facilities and faculties of the same quality as all-white schools. Brought vocal opposition to abortion and encouraged legislatures to reshape abortion policy b) Required students to be bused. Made abortion legal in all states c) Concluded that "separate but equal" schools are impossible Assured a pregnant woman's right to have an abortion in the first trimester d) Upheld the separation of races in public accommodations Upheld states' police powers to regulate safety, health, and morals

C

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the two court cases (Schenck v. U.S. (1919) and Tinker v. Des Moines (1969))? A) Wartime conditions give government less leeway to restrict speech. Wartime conditions give government more leeway to restrict speech. B) Students in school have fewer rights of expression than when they are not in school. Students in school have more rights of free expression than when they are not in school. C) Speech can be restricted if unduly disruptive. Expression of dissent is not automatically disruptive. D) The federal government has great power to restrict speech. State governments have very limited power to restrict speech.

C

Which of the constitutional provisions is at issue in Schenck v. United States?

First Amendment free speech and free press rights

Which of the following constitutional amendments address King's concern that there should be racial justice?

Fourteenth Amendment

Which of the following statements would supporters of Kennedy's position above be most likely to agree?

Gays and lesbians are equal to other people under the law.

Which of the following parts of the letter best summarizes King's position?

If peaceful, nonviolent demonstrations do not work, violent actions will be an option.

Based on his opinion above, with which of the following statements would Justice Black be most likely to agree?

Newspapers serve an essential role in protecting democracy when they report information that exposes corruption of public officials.

Which of the following statements would King most likely agree with if he were alive today?

Nonviolent demonstrations should still be used to bring to light racial injustice

Which of the following best describes the reasoning used to support the Supreme Court's determination that racially segregated education is "inherently unequal"?

Racial segregation creates psychological harm.

Which of the following best describes the message in the political cartoon? (supreme court holding balance)

The Supreme Court has limited the way colleges can recruit minorities.

Which of the following is most likely responsible for the increase in the number of southern African American state legislators between 1960 and 1992 as shown in the graph?

The Voting Rights Act of 1965

With which of the following statements would the author of the excerpt be most likely to agree? A. The impact of school segregation can generally be eliminated in young children. B. Separation based on race, if age and qualifications are the same, does not cause harm. C. The harm caused by racially segregating schools goes beyond differences in the quality of education. D. Schools that are completely segregated based on race are unconstitutional, but it is acceptable to racially segregate some school activities.

The harm caused by racially segregating schools goes beyond differences in the quality of education.

Which of the following is the most accurate description of the trend illustrated in the graphs?

The nation held mixed views about civil rights groups across racial lines, but a majority approved of both the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and actions taken by the Selma demonstrators.

Justice Black's statement that the press can "bare the secrets of government and inform the people" is most consistent with which of the following?

The press serves as a linkage institution between the government and the people

With which of the following statements would the cartoonist most likely agree?

There is a constant struggle to define the separation of church and state.

Which of the following statements presents the most important limitation of the data in the graph? (number of african american southern state legislatiors)

There is no information about the total number of state legislators.

With the variety of religious denominations and religions represented at Chester A. Arthur High School, the administration has decided to bar students from wearing any religious symbols or garb that reflects a particular religious faith. Which of the following would be the best legal advice for school administrators?

This is unsound policy because of the decision in Wisconsin v. Yoder.

Based the excerpt, which of the following best describes how Justice Black sees the role of the press?

To restrain the government by informing the public about its activities.

Which of the following principles is meant to discourage government from conducting unlawful searches and to protect citizens when unlawful searches occur?

exclusionary rule

Which of the following best explains why the figure holding the scales of justice is blindfolded?

to show that justice should be colorblind