Chem and peanut brittle

nitrogen

78% of the air you breath is made up of what element

physical

P/C adding sugar to coffee

chemical

P/C burning a piece of paper

physical

P/C cutting cake

physical

P/C mashing potatoes

physical

P/C melting ice

chemical

P/C souring milk

false

T/F a chemical reaction either creates or destroys matter

false (amount of atoms)

T/F a mole measures atomic mass

false

T/F a nucleus is an uncharged subatomic particle

true

T/F a pure substance is made of only one kind of material and has definite properties

true

T/F an atom may become more stable by gaining electrons

true

T/F atomic mass reflects the different quantity of neutrons that occur naturally in atoms

true

T/F atoms consist of protons neutrons and electrons

true

T/F atoms in an ionic compound lose their orginal properties and gain new ones

false

T/F atoms of the same element all have the same mass number

false

T/F chemical reactions are never reveresible

true

T/F chemical reactions that are begun by the behavior of electrons

false

T/F electrons that are nearest to the center of an atom have the most energy

trie

T/F elements and compounds are examples of pure substances

true

T/F ionic bonding is another name for electron transfer

true

T/F oil and vinegar salad dressing is an example of a mixture

false

T/F the number of atoms present after a chemical reaction exceeds the combined number of atoms in the original substances

false

T/F the properties of a compound are the same as the properties of the element in that form

false

T/F you can tell what element an atom makes up by the number of neutrons it contains

chemical

________________ properties cannot be seen

electrons

________________ travel in paths around an atoms nucleus

covalent

_________________ bonding creates a neutral molecular compound

products

__________________ are the result of a chemical reaction

ionic

__________________ compounds consist of positively and negatively charged atoms

ionic bond

a bond formed by transfer of electrons between atoms

physical

a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the substance into something else is know as a _________________ property of matter

compound

a formula describes a __________________

stability

a need for __________________ is what causes atoms to bond chemically

neutron

a negatively charged particle found in the nucleus

electron

a negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus of atom

chemical

a reaction between hydrogen and nitrogen that produces a compound would be written as a _______________ equation

irreversible

a roast that is cooked and sliced for a meal has undergone chemical and physical processes that are _____________________

gas

a substance is easily compressed in its _____________ phase

compound

a substance made of two or more different elements chemically joined together

element

a symbol represents and ________________

solid

adding compression would have the least affect on a _______________

molecule

an atom is to an element as a ____________ is to a compound

eight

an atom with ________________ electrons in its outermost level is least likely to react with others

eight

an atom with ________________ electrons in its outermost level is most likely to be stable

atomic

an elements _______________ number equals the quantity of protons in one of its atoms

matter

any thing that takes up space and has mass

matter

anything that has mass and occupies a given space is considered ___________________

mass

atomic mass is an averaged ________________ number

ionically

atoms bond ________________ in order to achieve chemical stability

ion

by accepting or giving up electrons an atom becomes a _______________

mole

by knowing one ________________ of an element scientists can create useful compounds

carbon

carbohydrates are made from what element

covalent bond

chemical bond formed when atoms share electrons with each other

covalent compounds

compounds formed by charing electrons in atoms

ionic compounds

compounds that result when metals and nonmetals bond ionically with each other (ex. salt)

physical

different types of matter can be distinguished by their _______________ properties

physical

dissolving a solution is a ________________ change

ionic

electron transfer between metals and nonmetals creates ________________ compounds

shared

elements in a periodic table are arranged according to _________________ properties

reversible

elements in fertilizer break down in the soil and are recombined as nutrients in the plants roots. This demonstrates __________________ chemical change

chemically

elements join _______________ to create compounds

crystalline

fudge nougat and fondant are types of this type candy

carbon

graphite, diamond, limestone, and charcoal are all a type of what element

diatomic

hydrogen is a _______________ element; colorless odorless and tasteless

16

if helium's atomic mass is 4.0 then the mass of four moles of helium is ______________ g

physical

if the sugar in a bowl of cereal dissolves in the milk it undergoes a ________________ change

pure

if you know the properties of a _________________ substance, you can identify it from all the others

non crystalline

lollipops candy canes and caramel are this type of candy

substances mixtures

major classes of matter include pure ______________ and _______________

phase

melting and boiling points are most related to a substances ______________

fixing

nitrogen gets into the food supply thrugh a process called nitrogen ________________

several

one difference between an element and a compound is that a compound includes _______________ elements

molar mass

one mole of an element is equal to the atomic mass in grams

carbon

organic compounds contain the element ____________

solid

phase of matter that can be seen; takes up definite amount of space with definite shape and slow moving particles

liquid

phase of matter that can be seen; takes up space and shape of container

gas

phase of matter that cannot be seen; does not have shape or volume

ionic

salt is a(n) _____________ compound

property

sourness is a __________________ of lemons

solution

steam rising from a bowl of hot soup is considered a ________________

proton

subatomic particles with positive electrical charge; determines the number of an element

random

substances are distributed in ________________ proportion throughout a heterogeneous mixture

Al

symbol for aluminum

N

symbol for nitrogen

Na

symbol for sodium

S

symbol for sulfur

chemical

the ability of a substance to react with other substances and therefore changing substance, describes ________________ property of matter

molecule

the basic unit of certain compounds is the _______________

chemical

the breakdown of salt into the elements that compose it is a ____________ change

atomic mass

the mass of a chemical element expressed in atomic mass units

sugar

the name of the compound C6H12O6

caffeine

the name of the compound C8H10N4O12

salt

the name of the compound NaCl

sodium bicarbonate

the name of the compound NaHCO3

atomic number

the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the chemical properties of an element and place in the periodic table

can

the process that forms compounds can/can't be reversed

elements

the simplest form of matter that can exist under normal laboratory conditions

atom

the smallest unit of matter

solution

the substances in a __________________ may not be apparent

C

the symbol for carbon

H

the symbol for hydrogen

O

the symbol for oxygen

P

the symbol for phosphorous

mass number

the total of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

non crystalline

this candy comes from a very saturated solution (no crystals)

crystalline

this candy contains many small fine crystals of sucrose

crystalline

this candy has a lower sugar concentration

non crystalline

this candy has a sucrose solution boiled at a higher temp

crystalline

this candy has a sucrose solution boiled at a lower temp

non crystalline

this candy has higher sugar concentration

heterogeneous

this mixture is not pure; made of different visible substances (chunky soup)

homogeneous

this mixture is pure; made of different substances not identified by sight (milk, tomato soup, etc)

non crystalline

this type of candy is hard and brittle

crystalline

this type of candy is smooth and creamy

gas liquid solid

three phases of matter

atomic mass

to find the molar mass of an element you need to know its _____________________

mole

unit of measurement used to count atoms or molecules

atoms

using moles is convenient because it's a practical way to measure quantities of _______________

molecule

water and carbon dioxide are examples of these. They are the smallest unit of a molecular compound

physical

water undergoes a _______________ reaction when it boils

atom

what are the smallest particles of an element that can keep its chemical properties? These are building blocks of matter

sulfur

what element has compounds that are used to preserve foods

hydrogen

what element is the lightest known gas

18

what percent of a person's body weight is made up of carbon

protein

when a food is high in nitrogen that means it is high with ________________

moles

you would report the large number of atoms in a sample of sulfur as _______________