Chemical Reactions

catalyst

Accelerates a chemical reaction without being used up in the reaction

metabolism

All of the chemical reactions in the organism for maintenance of the processes of life

The raction B + K L + H will quicken from right to left if:

B is removed and H is added

A(n)_________reaction occurs when ionic or covalent bonds are broken and elements, ions, or simpler molecules are formed.

decomposition

The symbol Na + represents a sodium atom that has lost an electron T/F

True

A plant must supply energy through photosynthesis in order for its complex starch molecules to breakdown to a simple sugar. T/F

False

Chemical reactions will occur independently of the reactant's temperature T/F

False

When a salt dissolves in water, it produces either a hydrogen ion or a hydroxyl ion T/F

False

The rate and direction of reactions are greatly influenced by the:

Law of Mass action or molecular concentration because they relate to the same principle

Explain the meaning of the symbols as they are used in this expression. A+B ~ C+D + means that the substances________chemically combined.

are not

decomposition

bonds broken and elements released

Atoms that form compounds are held together by chemical bonds. The bond that includes sharing electrons with another atom is called

covalent

What is required for reactants to form bonds?

energy input

Atoms which transfer electrons can combine to form a(n)__________bond.

ionic

The process by which organisms decompose food and synthesize energy and tissue is

metabolism

synthesis

molecules formed from components

exchange

molecules rearrange and form new molecules

In the reaction B + K ~ L + H, if an additional B is added, the result will be:

more L and H will be produced

When an atom gains an electron, it becomes_________charged.

negatively

A substance which results from a one-way chemical reaction is called a

product

A substance which enters into a chemical reaction is called a

reactant

A(n)_________reaction occurs when the reactants are reproduced by reaction of the products.

reversible

The arrows in the image define the equation as _____. A+B ? C+D

reversible

The products and reactants of a(n) _____ reaction will form at the same rate when equilibrium is attained.

reversible

Which type of reaction is dependent on the concentration of the products and reactants?

reversible

reversible

simultaneous decomposition and synthesis

A(n)__________reaction occurs when a molecule is formed from the bonding of atoms, ions or simpler molecules.

synthesis

buffer

A substance which will resist changes in pH within reasonable limits

exchange reaction

A chemical reaction where the substrates trade constituent parts

enzyme

A protein molecule which speeds up a specific chemical reaction in biological systems

product

That which is produced as a result of a chemical reaction

decomposition

The compound is broken into its constituent parts

Law of Mass Action

The concentration of reactant product influences the rate and net direction of a reversible reaction

activation energy

The energy required to start a chemical reaction

reversible reaction

The reactants used to form the products can also be synthesized from those products

When fats decompose in an organism, energy is released. T/F

True

synthesis reaction

Two or more units are added together to form a new compound

chemical equilibrium

When a reversible reaction is occurring in both directions at the same rate

What occurs during a decomposition reaction?

a compound partitions into its components

Explain the meaning of the symbols as they are used in this expression. A+B ~ C+D C and D are:

elements or molecules reactants products

Explain the meaning of the symbols as they are used in this expression. A+B ~ C+D A and B are:

elements or molecules reactants products

A(n)____________reaction occurs when the bonds of the reacting compounds are broken and new combinations are formed.

exchange

Chemical equilibrium results if:

forward reaction rate equals reverse reaction rate

In the chemical reaction that takes place in the lighting of a match, activation energy is supplied by ______

friction

Which processes are involved in metabolism?

synthesis, growth, repair decomposition, energy release reversible reactions, equilibrium synthesis and decomposition exchange reactions, control of pH