Chemistry 1124 checkup 1
Newlands
Proposed the law of octaves
Halogens
Very reactive Group VIIA nonmetals with one electron short of a stable octet
stable octet
A complete s and p sublevel in the highest occupied energy level
Periodicity
A pattern of regular recurring properties
Family
A set of elements with similar properties
Aufbau Principle
An electron occupies the lowest energy orbital that can receive it.
Moseley
Determined positive charge of an atom
Metalloids
Elements with both metal and nonmetal properties, also called semimetals
noble gases
Group VIIIA elements with a stable octet or duet
Positive charge
Henry Moseley used X-ray diffraction to determine the amount of _____________ in the nucleus of each atom.
Come in contact with the atom's environments
Inner electrons do not have a great effect on chemical properties because they rarely _____________________________________.
Karlsruhe
Location of the First International Congress of Chemists
Mass... number
Mendeleev based his Periodic Table of the Elements on the atomic____________of each element, but the modern Periodic Table is based on the atomic __________ of each element.
Pauli exclusion principle
No two electrons in the same atom can have the same quantum numbers.
Döbereiner
Organized elements into triads
Canizzaro
Presented a new method for determining atomic masses
Mendeleev
Published first Periodic Table of the Elements
transition elements
The elements in Groups IIIB through IIB, also called d-block elements
Periods
The horizontal rows of yhe Periodic Table of the Elements
Noble gases
The least reactive elements
Germanium.... tellurium
The metalloids include the elements boron, silicon, ____________, arsenic,selenium, antimony, and _____________.
alkali metals
The most chemically active metals
Halogens
The most reactive nonmetals
Atomic number
The number of protons in the nucleus of each atoms
Hund's rule
The orbitals of equal energy are each occupied by one electron before any is occupied by a second electron.
periodic law of the elements
The physical and chemical properties of the elements are Periodic functions of their atomic numbers.
alkali metals
The s-block elements in Group IA
alkaline earth metals
The s-block elements in Group IIA
Groups
The vertical columns of the Periodic Table of the Elements
valance electrons......physical properties
_____________are the electrons in the outermost energy level and are responsible for the _______________of an element
