Chemistry 1131 Self Test
The International Union of Pure and ... Chemistry (IUPAC) developed a system to name the millions of ... compounds
Applied, organic
A/An ... reaction occurs when a double bond is broken and the electrons used in the double bond are used to form single bonds with other atoms or ions
addition
modified hydrocarbon that contains a formyl functional group
aldehyde
straight-chain or branched-chain hydrocarbon in which two carbon atoms in each molecule are connected by a triple bond
alkyne
derivative of ammonia in which one or more of the hydrocarbon atoms are replaced with an alkyl
amine
The aromatic ester acetylsalicylic acid is more commonly known as ...
aspirin
Carboxylic acids react with ... in the neutralization process to produce salts
bases
The aromatic hydrocarbons are derived from the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon, ..., whose carbon atoms are arranged in a hexagonal, ringlike structure called a ...
benzene, benzene ring
The shape of a carbon atom and its ability to form covalent bonds allow to link together to form open chains, open chains with ..., linked open chains, ..., plates, and networks
branches, rings
If a ... atom replaced a hydrogen atom attached to the second of three carbon atoms in ..., 2-bromopropane is formed
bromine, propane
Compounds containing the ... anion and oxides of ... are considered to be inorganic
carbonate, carbon
ability of carbon atoms to bond with each other to form chains
catenation
Carbon can form as many as four ... bonds with other atoms, and that total may be in a combination of ..., double, of ... bonds
covalent, single, triple
process by which complex organic molecules are broken down by heat and sometimes by a catalyst to produce simpler organic molecules
cracking
... drives of moisture, volatile materials, and most impurities from coal
destructive distillation
When a fullerene is subjected to moderate pressure, it becomes stronger than ...
diamond
A diamond will not conduct electricity because all its valence ... are involved in covalent bonds
electrons
Hydrocarbons are divided into ... families, each with different characteristics, each family is determined by the type of bond between ... in its molecules
four, carbon atoms
A substitution reaction occurs when a ... atom is substituted for a ... atom
halogen, hydrogen
-x (halide)
halohydrocarbons
Alkenes are prepared commercially by thermal cracking using ..., or by catalytic cracking using ... and a ...
heat, heat, catalyst
series of compounds in which adjacent members differ by the same group of atoms
homologous series
A hydrocarbon in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by a ... group is called an alcohol
hydroxyl
Ketones are prepared from alcohols if the alcohol does not have a ... group attached to one of its end carbon atoms
hydroxyl
As the number of carbon atoms in a molecular formula increases, the number of possible ... increases
isomers
compounds that have the same molecular formula but different structures
isomers
Petroleum can be extracted from oil shale, which consists of an oillike substance called ... contained in porous rock
kerogen
modified hydrocarbon that contains a carbonyl functional group
ketone
Adipic acid reacts with hexamethylenediamine to produce ... at the junction of the two substances because the liquids do not mix
nylon
When a halogen bonds to an alkene, an oily liquid is usually formed, so alkenes are known as the ... (oil-former) series
olefine
Organic compounds will usually dissolve in ... liquids
organic
study of carbon and compounds containing carbon
organic chemistry
All ... compounds contain carbon, but not all compounds that contain ... are ...
organic, carbon, organic
Aldehydes can be produced by the ... of alcohols
oxidation
Coal was formed from decaying plant matter called ...
peat
Removing a hydrogen from a benzene molecule creates a ... group, which can be used to form an ... alcohol
phenyl, aromatic
large molecules constructed of repeating structural units linked together
polymer
The bonding force of the resonance bonds in graphite lies between that of a ... bond and a ... bond
single, double
The n in the name of an organic compound refers to the normal, ... form of the compound
straight-chain
formula that indicates the exact number of atoms in a molecule and also shows how the atoms are bonded to each other
structural formula
Benzene tends to undergo ... reactions rather than the ... reactions expected of unsaturated hydrocarbons because of its ... bond structure
substitution, addition, hybrid
Alkanes undergo combustion, ..., and ... reactions
substitution, dehydrogenation
A bond in a .. bond is easier to break than one in a double bond
triple
Chain molecules usually bend, ..., and double back on themselves
twist
treatment of rubber by heating it with sulfur
vulcanization
