Chemistry 1305 Unit A
Convert 338 J to kilojoules
338 J = .338 kilojoules
Liquid helium boils at -268.93 degree Celsius. What is the boiling point of helium on the Kelvin temperature scale?
4.07 K
Ethanol is a common laboratory solvent and has a density of .789 g/mL. What is the mass, in grams, of 117 mL of ethanol?
mass: 92 g
Write the name of the metric system prefix associated with the mathematical factor: 1/1000
milli
Write the name of the metric unit given: mL
milliliter
Write the name of the metric system prefix associated with the mathematical factor: 10^-9
nano
Write the name of the metric unit given: nm
nanometer
A society that accepts no risks receives
no benefits
Name the ionic compound: K2O
potassium oxide
Properties of metals
shiny, malleable, ductile, good conductor, and high melting point
Filtered ocean water is best described as a
solution
Name the ionic compound: SrCl2
strontium chloride
What is potential energy?
the energy stored due to an object's position or state
Identify elements that are diatomic
H, I, O, F, N, Cl, Br
List several common transition metals.
Tungsten, platinum, and iron
Heat is a measure of the '''''''.
flow of energy between two substances
The elements fluorine, chlorine, and bromine are also known as
halogens
On a submicroscopic level, solids, liquids, and gases are distinguished by '''''''.
how the molecules are positioned
Write the name of the metric system prefix associated with the mathematical factor: 1000
kilo
Write the name of the metric unit given: kg
kilogram
How large are the objects that are the focus of nanotechnology?
2.1 nanometers
Ibuprofen can be found in 200 mg doses in over-the-counter analgesics, such as Advil and Motrin. How many grams of ibuprofen does such a tablet contain?
200 mg = .200 g
Carry out the following conversions from one metric unit of mass to another: 0.218 kg to milligrams
218,000 milligrams
How many oxygen atoms are present in Fe(OH)3
3
How many oxygen atoms are present in H2SO3
3
Which of the following changes are chemical changes? - Gasoline is evaporated? - Water is frozen? - Gasoline is burned? - Water is heated up? - Water is boiled
Gasoline is burned
Elements found the left of the metalloids on the periodic table display which properties? - They tend to be poor conductors - They tend to form cations - They tend to be brittle - They tend to be malleable - They tend to be good conductors - They tend to form anions
- They tend to form cations - They tend to be malleable - They tend to be good conductors
Identify the principal type of energy, kinetic or potential, exhibited by each item: - a car parked on a hill - a car traveling at 60 mph - chemical energy - a falling rock - compressed air in a tank
- a car parked on a hill: potential - a car traveling at 60 mph: kinetic - chemical energy: potential - a falling rock: kinetic - compressed air in a tank: potential
A liquid has a volume of .0050 L. Convert this volume to cubic centimeters.
.0050 L = 5 cm^3
Carry out the following conversion from one metric unit of mass to another: .218 kg to milligrams
.218 kg = 218,000 mg
Convert the volume from L to mL: .243 L
.243 L = 243 mL
Convert the volume from L to dL: .307 L
.307 L = 3.07 dL
Convert the volume from L to μL: .311 L
.311 L = 311,000 μL
How many oxygen atoms are present in C4H8O
1
Which length is largest? 10 cm 1 m 10^-2 m 10nm 10^2 mm
1 m
A sample of metal has a mass of 24.96 g, and a volume of 4.61 mL. What is the density of this metal?
5.4 g/cm^3
Convert 574 kJ to joules
574 kJ = 574,000 J
How many oxygen atoms are present in Ca(NO3)2
6
What is the promise of technology?
A cleaner and healthier world
How does a chemist define a 'pure' material?
A material consisting of only one element or compound
How did Lavoisier define an element?
A material that can't be broken down into simpler components
Any measurement of a physical quantity must always include two things. What are they?
A number and a unit
What is mass?
A quality of matter
Which chemical family is composed almost entirely of man-made elements?
Actinides
Identify the element based on its location in the periodic table. Give the symbol, not the name: Period 5, group 11
Ag
Is aging considered a physical or chemical change?
Aging is an example of a chemical change involving the chemical reformation of our biomolecules.
Write the name for the ionic compound AlF3
Aluminum fluoride
Determine the name of the ionic compound: AlI3
Aluminum iodide
Name the ionic compound: Al2O3
Aluminum oxide
Density is a measure of what?
An object's mass divided by its volume
If something has energy, what can it do?
Apply a force over a distance.
What is the usual first step in conducting scientific research?
Asking a broad question
Identify the element based on its location in the periodic table. Give the symbol, not the name: period 6, group 15
Bi
Name the compound: Ca3P2
Calcium phosphide
Determine the name of the ionic compound: CaSe
Calcium selenide
Give the systematic name of each covalent compound: CO
Carbon monoxide
The value of absolute zero can be most easily inferred from '''''''.
Charles's Law
Give the systematic name of each covalent compound: P2S5
Diphosphorus pentasulfide
Classify each of the substances as either element or compound: -RbBrO2 - P4 - CO - PN - Co
Element: P4, Co Compound: RbBrO2, CO, PN
Select the freezing point of water at atmospheric pressure on the Fahrenheit, Celsius, and Kelvin temperature scales.
Fahrenheit - 32 Celsius - 0 Kelvin - 273
Rank elements according to atomic radius - Largest radius to smallest radius: Mg, Fr, Sr, F, B
Fr, Sr, Mg, B, F
What did Kroto, Smalley, and Curl use to heat carbon to starhot temperatures?
Laser light
Rank elements according to atomic radius - Largest radius to smallest radius: F, N, O, Be, B, Li, Ne, C
Li, Be, B, C, N, O, F, Ne
Name the ionic compound: LiBr
Lithium bromide
What is the name of the compound with the chemical formula LiF?
Lithium fluoride
What is the name of the compound with the chemical formula Li2S?
Lithium sulfide
How can you tell whether an atom within a compound takes on a positive or negative charge?
Locate the position of the atom in the periodic table.
How do we separate the components of a mixture?
Look for differences in physical properties
What is an example of a flawed procedure?
Measuring one's weight on a broken scale
Classify each element as a metal or nonmetal: I, Ne, W, Pb, S, K
Metal: K, W, Pb Nonmetal: I, Ne, S
Classify each element as a metal or nonmetal: Ne, Ti, Fe, Br, K
Metal: Ti, Fe, K Nonmetal: Br, Ne
Name two physical properties of metals.
Metals can be drawn into wires and are opaque.
What four interrelated quantities can be used to describe the properties of a gas?
Pressure, temperature, number of molecules, and volume
Determine the name of the ionic compound: Rb3P
Rubidium phosphide
Identify the element based on its location in the periodic table. Give the symbol, not the name: Period 5, group 14
Sn
Name the compound: NaHCO3
Sodium bicarbonate
Which of the statements describes a chemical property? - Titanium is less dense than iron - Mercury is a liquid at room temperature - Sugar burns in air to form water and carbon dioxide - Water boils at 100 degree Celsius
Sugar burns in air to form water and carbon dioxide
Give the systematic name of each covalent compound: SF6
Sulfur hexafluoride
Write the name of the compound SF6
Sulfur hexafluoride
Two avid runners from different areas of the world are reminiscing about their coldest morning runs ever. An American from Maine has run in 19.4 degree Fahrenheit weather, whereas a German has run in -5.89 degree Celsius weather. Which runner has truly run in the colder weather?
The American
What happens to the atoms within molecules undergoing a chemical reaction?
The atoms change partners.
What does temperature measure?
The average kinetic energy of molecules
What chemical change occurs when a wax candle burns?
The heated wax molecules combine with oxygen molecules
For a fixed amount of gas at a fixed temperature, what will happen if the volume is doubled?
The pressure exerted by the gas will halve
Which one of the following statements about a scientific hypothesis is false?
The previously known outcome of an observation or experiment can be used as solid proof that a newly created scientific hypothesis is absolutely true
What is the definition of chemistry?
The study of matter and the transformations it can undergo
What do all conversion factors have in common?
The value of the numerator is equal to the value of the denominator.
How do we account for the great variety of substances in the world?
There are many possible combinations of atoms.
Match the units to the correct type of of measurement and be sure to classify all units. Volume, length, temperature, mass. Celsius oz L cm
Volume: L Length: cm Temperature: Celsius Mass: oz
Which observation illustrates the law of conservation of mass?
When 3 g of carbon reacts with 8 g of oxygen, 11 g of of carbon dioxide is produced.
When does a hypothesis become a scientific hypothesis?
When it can be tested through experiments
When did modern science begin?
When people first became skeptical of their observations and explanations
Write the name of the metric system prefix associated with the mathematical factor: .01
centi
Determine the name of the ion CN^-
cyanide ion
Name the compound: N2O
dinitrogen monoxide
Properties of nonmetals
dull, brittle, poor conductors, and low melting point
Give the systematic name of each covalent compound: P3N5
triphosphorus pentanitride
Acetone is a common solvent that has a density of .7899 g/mL. What volume of acetone, in millimeters, has a mass of 33.1 g?
volume 41.9 mL
Which of the following examples represent kinetic energy? wind riding a bicycle water behind a dam a roller coaster on top of hill an apple falling from a tree gasoline
wind riding a bicycle an apple falling from a tree
Describe a heterogeneous mixture.
you can usually see the different parts and they can easily be separated out. (ex: sand)
