CHEMISTRY CHAPTER 14 STUDY GUIDE

Volume ratios from a balanced equation

*when reactants and products are gases at the same temperature and pressure, the coefficients give VOLUME to VOLUME rations *bypasses the need to convert mol of gas A to mol of gas B

Molar Volume of a GAS

@ STP, volume of 1 mole of gas is 22.4 dm^3 or L (1 mol = 22.4L) Bypasses the use of PV=nRT to find volume, though it would also work. You'd have to use 0C, 1 atm, and maybe stoichiometry

The Ideal Gas Law incorporates

Boyle's, Charle's, and Avogadro's laws into a single equation that includes number of moles of gas PV = nRT, where P is pressure in kPa or atm V is volume in L or dm^3 n is # of moles of gas T is temperature in Kelvin R is the gas CONSTANT

Avogadro's Principle

EQUAL volumes of DIFFERENT gases at EQUAL TEMPERATURE and PRESSURE have EQUAL # of MOLES

Guy-Lussac's Law

PRESSURE of a gas at a constant VOLUME is DIRECTLY proportional to the absolute TEMPERATURE

Charle's Law

VOLUME of a gas is DIRECTLY proportional to KELVIN TEMPERATURE of the gas (moles of gas & pressure remain constant) V1T2 = V2T1

Boyle's Law

VOLUME of a gas is INVERSELY proportional to the PRESSURE exerted on the gas (moles of gas & temp remain constant)

Molar volume

at STP, 1 mole of any gas is 22.4L *standard temperatuer: 0C or 273K *standard pressure: 1 atm (101.325 kPa, 760 mm Hg or torr)

Combined Gas Law

derived from Boyle's and Charle's Laws

R (gas constant) -

pick one of these * 0.0821 L * atm / mol * K * 8.315 L * kPa / mol * K