Chemistry chapter 5
Which group of elements was discovered by Strutt and Ramsay?
noble gases
Which of the following elements have full outer energy levels when they are in the ground state?
noble gases
To which group does hydrogen belong?
none
The metalloids are located on the periodic table between
nonmetals and metals
The periodic law states that the physical and chemical properties of elements are periodic functions of their atomic
numbers
A horizontal row in the periodic table is called a(n)
period
A repeating pattern is referred to as
periodic
In developing his periodic table, Mendeleev listed on cards each element's name, atomic mass, and
properties
Mendeleev organized the chemical elements based on their
properties
Mendeleev's periodic table did not list all elements in order of increasing atomic mass because he grouped together elements with similar
properties
When a carbon atom is in its ground state, how many electrons does it have in its outermost shell?
4
In forming an ion, from which sublevel would an atom of nickel lose electrons first?
4s
An element with the general electron configuration ns2np1 for its outermost electrons would be in Group
13
An element that has the electron configuration [Ne]3s23p5 is in Group
17
An element that has the electron configuration [Ne]3s23p5 is in Period
3
What is the difference in atomic number between He and Ne?
8
Which of the following elements has the greatest atomic radius?
Al
15. Which of the following elements has an electron affinity of 0 kJ/m?
Ar
Which of the following elements has the greatest ionization energy?
As
Which of the following elements is a transition metal?
Copper
All the alkali metal elements are found on the periodic table in
Group 1
Which one of the following groups contains atoms that, in compounds, have the lowest attraction for electrons?
Group 1
One of the least electronegative elements would be found on the periodic table in
Group 1, Period 7
An element with the smallest anionic (negative-ionic) radius would be found on the periodic table in
Group 17, Period 2
In which group is an element that has an outer-level electron configuration consisting of one electron in the d orbital and two electrons in the ns orbital?
Group 3
Which periodic group or family of elements is not correctly matched with its common family name?
Group 3: alkali metals
For atoms of p-block elements, the total number of electrons in the highest occupied level is equal to the
Group number mines 10
Which of the following elements is not a metal?
H
Nonmetallic elements in Group 17 that react with most metals to form salts are
Halogens
Which of the following elements has the lowest electronegativity?
Li
Which of the following elements is most similar in behavior to calcium?
Magnesium
The person whose work led to a periodic table based on increasing atomic number was
Moseley
In which period is an element that has the electron configuration 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p1 when it is in its ground state?
Period 4
Which noble gas has the greatest atomic number?
Rn
An element found in groups 3-12 of the periodic table is classified as an
Transition metals
Which electron configuration would result in the largest negative electron affinity?
[He]2s^2 2p^5
What can be removed from an atom if ionization energy is supplied?
an electron
In nature the alkali metals are found only in compounds because they
are very reactive elements
As electrons add to s and p sublevels in the same main energy level, they are pulled closer to the more highly charged nucleus, causing
atomic radii to decrease in size
On most periodic tables, the lanthanides and actinides appear
below the main portion
Across a period in the periodic table, atomic radii generally
decrease
A measure of the ability of an atom in a chemical compound to attract electrons from another atom in the compound is called
electronegativity
Which ionization energy is generally the largest?
fourth ionization energy
The atomic radius of an atom that is chemically bonded to an identical atom is equal to
half the distance between the nuclei
As the atomic numbers of the metals of Group 1 increase, the ionic radii
increase
Down a group in the periodic table, atomic radii generally
increase
Across a period in the periodic table, ionization energy generally
increases
Down a group in the periodic table, the change in ionization energy is due to
increasing electron shielding
Elements in the s and p blocks of the periodic table are called
main group elements
The electron configurations of main-group elements end in
s and p orbitals
The periodic law states that
the physical and chemical properties of the elements are functions of their atomic numbers
The outer-level electron configuration of a neutral alkaline-earth metal atom consists of
two electrons in the s orbital
Mendeleev predicted that the gaps in his periodic table represented
undiscovered elements
An electron that is in the highest energy level of an atom and determines the atom's chemical properties is called a(n)
valence electron
Elements in Group 18 have
very low reactivity