Chemistry Final

What is the oxidation number of Cu in CuSO4?

+1

What is the oxidation number of H in MgH2?

-1

What's the molar mass of (NH4)2SO4?

132.2g

How many atoms are in 3.00 kg (3000g) of copper?

2.84 x 10^25 atoms Cu

What volume does any gas occupy at STP?

22.4 L

Balanced equation: Na2CO3(aq)+ 2HNO3(aq)> 2NaNO3(aq)+H2O(l)+CO3(g) What is the complete ionic equation?

2Na+ + CO32- + 2H+ + 2NO3- > 2Na+ + 2NO3- + h2O(l) + CO2 (g)

What is the molar mass of Pb(SO4)2?

399.3g

What is the molar mass of NaCl?

58.44g

Which of the following is the correct value for Avogadro's number?

6.022 x 10^23

The following chemical equation is unbalanced. What is the balanced equation? Li+N2 > Li3N

6Li+N2>2Li3N

What is the formula for the compound aluminum phosphate?

AlPO4

What do we call a gas that actually behaves according to the kinetic-molecular theory?

An ideal gas

Given the Lewis structure for H2S, tell its shape, and whether it's polar or not.

Bent, Polar

What is the name of the compound P2O5?

Diphosphorus pentoxide

Predict the type of intermolecular force between molecules of the following substances: HCN

Dipole-dipole and dispersion

Predict the type of intermolecular force between molecules of the following substances: Cl2

Dispersion

Match the reaction type with the appropriate reaction: Mg(OH)2 + 2HNO3 > Mg(NO3)2 + 2H2O

Double replacement

T/F According to the kinetic-molecular theory, gravitational, electrical, and chemical forces between molecules must be considered in addition to collisions.

False

T/F All gas molecules of the sane type have the same speed at the same temperature.

False

T/F An equation may be balanced by adjusting either the coefficients or the subscripts.

False

T/F An increase in temperature causes an increase in viscosity.

False

T/F During evaporation, the least energetic molecules will escape first.

False

T/F If the temperature of a quantity of gas changes from 100 degrees C to 200 degrees C and the pressure remains constant, then the volume of the gas will decrease.

False

T/F Surfactants are surface-active substances that will increase the surface tension of a liquid.

False

T/F The Greek prefix system is normally used for both ionic and covalent compounds.

False

T/F The abbreviation STP represents the standard conditions of 760 atm and 273 K.

False

T/F The gas laws cannot be violated.

False

T/F The kinetic-molecular theory applies only to substances in the gaseous state.

False

What is the formula of the compound formed when hydrogen and bromine bond?

HBr

What happens to the temperature of a sample of ice at its melting point while it is melting?

It remains the same.

Given the Lewis Structure for HCN, tell its shape, and whether it is polar or not.

Linear, polar

What is the term for the curved surface of a liquid?

Meniscus

The volume occupied by Avogadro's number of molecules of gas at STP is known as the ______ volume.

Molar

Which of the following compounds is polar?

NH3

What is the formula for the compound ammonium fluoride?

NH4F

Which of the following molecules has a bent shape?

OF2

Why must stoichiometric conversions between substances in a reaction be performed in moles?

The balanced equation is based on ratios of moles, not mass.

What must be done to Celsius temperatures that are used in gas law problems?

They must be converted to Kelvin.

What is the other common term for a millimeter of mercury (mm Hg)?

Torr

T/F A condition in which two opposing processes occur at exactly the same rate is known as dynamic equilibrium.

True

T/F A more electronegative element receives a negative oxidation number, and a less electronegative element receives a positive oxidation number.

True

T/F Balanced equations are required in order to perform stoichiometric calculations correctly.

True

T/F Collisions constantly change the speed and direction of gas molecules.

True

T/F Diffusion could not occur if molecules were not in constant motion.

True

T/F The SI unit for pressure in the pascal (Pa).

True

T/F The mass of a known substance may be converted to miles by using the molar mass of that substance.

True

T/F The melting and freezing points of a pure substance are represented by the same temperature.

True

T/F The number of helium atoms in a mole of helium is equal to the number of lead atoms in a mole of lead.

True

T/F The sum of the oxidation numbers of all the atoms in a compound must equal zero.

True

The assumption that molecular shapes are largely determined by the repulsion of regions of electron concentration is known as the ______ theory.

VSPER

What is the term for a liquids resistance to flowing?

Viscosity

Which of the following pairs is related by an inverse relationship?

Volume and pressure

Elements that can exist in more than one form, such as polymorphs and different crystalline lattice forms, are called:

allotropic elements or allotropes

If you were ti freeze neon (a noble gas) it would form _____ crystals.

atomic

Predict the shapes of the following compounds: O3

bent

Predict the shapes of the following compounds: OCl2

bent

Which of the following shapes is always polar?

bent

Match the process with the appropriate clue: the change from liquid to gas when vapor pressure equal atmospheric pressure

boiling

Liquids are similar to gases in all of the following except

compressibility

Match the reaction type with the appropriate reaction: 2AlCl3 > 2Al + 3Cl2

decomposition

Match the change with the appropriate clue: For a constant quantity of gas at constant pressure, if you decrease the temperature, the volume will _______.

decrease

Match the property with the appropriate clue: has lower values for gases than for solids and liquids

density

Predict the type of intermolecular force between molecules of the following substances: HBr

dipole-dipole and dispersion forces

The intermolecular forces that only exist between polar molecules are

dipole-dipole forces

Predict the type of intermolecular force between molecules of the following substances: NH3

dipole-dipole, dispersion, and hydrogen bonds

The process by which mixtures can be separated using vaporization and condensation is termed:

distillation

Match the reaction type with the appropriate reaction: 2NaCl + H2 SO4 > Na2SO4 + 2HCl

double replacement

An __ formula tells what elements are present and gives the simplest whole-number ratio of atoms in the compound.

empirical

Match the process with the appropriate clue: the change from liquid to solid

freezing

What is the Greek prefix for the number 7?

hepta-

Which has law is represented by the equation PV=nRT?

ideal gas law

Match the change with the appropriate clue: For a constant quantity of gas at constant temperature, if you decrease the volume, the pressure will ______.

increase

Match the change with the appropriate clue: For a given quantity of gas in a container with a fixed volume, if you increase the temperature, the pressure will ______.

increase

What is the name of the compound Pb(NO3)2?

lead(ii) nitrate

Predict the shapes of the following compounds: HCN

linear

Predict the shapes of the following compounds: HF

linear

To solidify a gas such as hydrogen, you would need a _____ temperature and a _______ pressure.

low/high

Which of the following is not a property of gases?

malleability

Match the process with the appropriate clue: the change from solid to liquid

melting

When solving problems involving chemical equations, what are used as conversion factors to convert from moles of one substance to moles of another substance.

mole ratios

Hydrogen bonds can occur between molecules containing hydrogen and ____.

oxygen

Which property of gases best explains why spoiled meat in a sealed plastic container eventually makes a refrigerator smell?

permeability

What is the name of the compound KClO3?

potassium chlorate

Match the property with the appropriate clue: depends on the force and number of collisions per second

pressure

Predict the shapes of the following compounds: PH3

pyramidal

The Stock system- used to name ionic compounds containing a metal with multiple oxidation states- uses which of the following?

roman numerals

Match the reaction type with the appropriate reaction: TiCl4 + 4Na > Ti + 4NaCl

single replacement

Match the process with the appropriate clue: the direct change from solid to gas

sublimation

Match the reaction type with the appropriate reaction: 4Fe + 3O2 > 2Fe2O3

synthesis

Match the reaction type with the appropriate reaction: NH3 + CO2 + H2O > NH4HCO3

synthesis

Match the property with the appropriate clue: determined by the average kinetic energy of molecules

temperature

Predict the shapes of the following compounds: CF2Cl2

tetrahedral

What determines the polarity of a polar bond?

the difference in electronegativity of the two elements

Predict the shapes of the following compounds: CH2O

trigonal planar

What do we call the specific temperature and pressure combination in which water can exist in any of the three phases?

triple point

The smallest unit of a crystal that can be used as a building block is called a(n):

unit cell

The pressure exerted by evaporated molecules over a liquid is called:

vapor pressure

Match the process with the appropriate clue: any change from liquid to gas

vaporization

Match the property with the appropriate clue: decreases when gas is compressed

volume