Chemistry Final exam

Given the following balanced reaction between hydrochloric acid and oxygen gas to produce water and chlorine gas, how many grams of chlorine gas, Cl2, are produced from 27.8 g of hydrochloric acid and excess oxygen? (To find the molar mass in the problem, use the periodic table and round the mass to the hundreds place for calculation.) 27.8 g 27.0 g 54.0 g

27.0 g

How many significant figures are in 136,000 mL? 3 4 5 6

3

Answer the questions about the following reaction. 2Al(s)+ 3Pb(N03) 2(aq) 2Al(N03)3(aq) + 3Pb (s) How many molecules of Pb(N03) 2 are used in the reaction? How many oxygen atoms are used in the reaction? How many moles of Al(N03)3 are formed? What is the mole ratio of Pb(N03) 2 to Al(N03)3?

3,6,2,3/2

Which of the following is not equal to 325 cg? 3250 mg 3.25 x 105 µg 3.25 g 3.25 x 10-3 kg

3.25 x 105 µg

How many molecules are found in 0.589 moles of N2? 3.55 x 10^23 molecules 7.09 x 10^23 molecules 9.93 x 10^24 molecules

3.55 x 10^23 molecules

A chemist needs 1.36 mol of strontium bromide, SrBr2, for a reaction. What mass of strontium chloride should the chemist use? 247 g 337 g 336.5 g

337 g

A cube has dimensions of 5.5 cm, 3.0 cm, and 2.0 cm. What is its volume? 33 cm3 33 cm 3.3 cm3 11 cm3

33cm^3

Express the following number in scientific notation. 46,000,000 = _____ 4.600 x 10^7 4.6 x 10^7 0.460 x 10^6 4.6000 x 10^7

4.6 x 107

What is the volume of the fluid in the graduated cylinder measured to the correct degree of precision? 43.4 mL 43.42 mL 44.0 mL 44.10 mL

43.4

Pikes Peak is 4,301 meters high. How many centimeters high is the mountain? 43.01cm 430.1 cm 43,010 cm 430,100 cm

430,100 cm

The elements in group 15 all have _____ valence electrons. 2 4 5 15

5

How many grams of NaOH are needed to make 0.250 liter of a 0.500 M solution of NaOH? 0.125 g 5.00 g 2.00 g

5.00 g

How many valence electrons are represented in the following electron configuration? 1s22s22p63s23p4 2 4 6

6

Calculate the answer. Express it in scientific notation and include the correct number of significant figures. (12 x 10^4 ) x (5 x 10^-2 ) = _____ 6 x 10^3 6.0 x 10^2 6 x 10^6

6 x 10^3

Find the density of an object that has a mass of 66 g and a volume of 10 cm3. 660 g 6.6 g/cm3 6.6 cm3/g 0.15 cm3/g

6.6 g/cm^3

What is the molar mass of carbonic acid, H2CO3? (Round to four significant figures only.) 62.01 g 44.01 g 60.01 g

62.01 g

How is the number 7.89 x 103 expressed in regular numerals? 7,890 78,900 789

7,890

What would be the pOH of an HNO3 solution if the [H+] = 3.26 x 10-6 moles/liter? . 7.68 9.33 8.51

8.51

Which of the following shows the proper configuration of a straight chain isomer of nonane? A B C

A

An _____ is a hydrocarbon in which one or more hydrogen atoms is replaced by a -COH group. aldehyde alcohol ester amino acid

aldehyde

Which group of elements contains the most reactive metals? iron triad transition metals alkali metals alkaline earth metals

alkali metals

Balance the reaction which forms ions. Choose "blank" if no coefficient other than 1 is needed. Ba(NO3)2 blank32Ba+2 + 2blank3NO3-

blank,2

Balance the following equation. Choose "blank" if no coefficient other than 1 is needed. 42536blankPb + blank35642AgNO3 23blank456Pb(NO3)2 + 24blank356Ag

blank,2,blank,2

Predict which atom has the higher ionization energy. Cl I

cl

Pure ammonia (NH3) is an example of a(n) _____. element compound mixture solution

compound

Choose the best base unit and prefix for measuring the following. the diameter of a large pizza: kilometer meter decimeter centimeter

decimeter

A chemist places a flask containing the reactants in an ice bath. This will _____ the rate of the reaction. increase decrease

decrease

What type of reaction is represented by the following example? 2CO2 (g) + 4H2O (l) + 1452 kJ 2CH3OH (l) (g) + 3O2 (g) exothermic endothermic

endothermic

Tastes and odors that are naturally found in fruits or are used in candies, flavorings, and perfumes are often the result of _____. organic acids ROH compounds ketones esters

esters

In the formation of table salt, the product, NaCl, has less energy than the reactants, Na and Cl2. This reaction is ______.

exothermic

What type of nuclear reaction produces a nucleus with a larger mass from nuclei of lower masses? fusion fission

fusion

Elements in group 15 will ____ electrons to obtain a noble gas structure. How many electrons will the element gain or lose in order to obtain a noble gas structure? ____

gain, 3

A straight chain hydrocarbon with the formula C5H8 _____. has a triple C-C bond has a double C-C bond is essentially inert has two double C-C bonds

has a triple C-C bond

Gases and plasma _____. take the shape of the container and have a definite volume have definite shape and a definite volume have no shape and no definite volume none of the above

have no shape and no definite volume

Choose the answer that best describes what kind of substance air is. heterogeneous mixture homogeneous mixture

homogeneous mixture

Choose the answer that best describes what kind of substance ocean water is. heterogeneous mixture homogeneous mixture

homogeneous mixture

According to electronegativity difference, what type of bond are potassium and chlorine most likely to form? ionic covalent

ionic

Potassium and chlorine are most likely to form what type of bond? ionic covalent metallic polar

ionic

In an endothermic reaction, energy _____. exits the reaction is absorbed by the reaction stays the same throughout the reaction

is absorbed by the reaction

What element is missing in the following nuclear equation? polonium bismuth radon lead

lead

C6H14 has a higherlower boiling point than C11H24.

lower

The following are units for mass except _____. kg Mg mL cg

mL

What type of solid conducts electricity? ionic molecular metallic

metallic

A student takes three beakers and places 250 milliliters of water in each. The student then adds a cube of sugar to all three beakers. The first beaker is stirred, the second beaker is heated, and the third beaker is left alone. Which dissolves faster? beaker one beaker two beaker three not enough information

not enough information

Choose whether the process below is spontaneous or not spontaneous. A house is built. spontaneous not spontaneous.

not spontaneous.

The following statement is a(n) _____. There is a significant difference between how elderly people and young people feel about politics. hypothesis opinion scientific law problem

opinion

Which elements in the following groups are most likely to not show similar properties? carbon, silicon, tin helium, neon, argon oxygen, bromine, calcium manganese, rhenium, technetium

oxygen, bromine, calcium

Freezing, boiling, and evaporation are all examples of _____. physical change physical property chemical change chemical property

physical change

Identify the following example as a physical or chemical change. Moisture in the air forms beads of water on a cold window pane. physical change chemical change

physical change

Identify the following as an example of a physical property or a chemical property. Barium melts at 725°C. physical property chemical property

physical property

J.J. Thompson experimented with cathode rays and how they traveled through various gases. Through his experiments, he discovered electrons. His atomic model was known as the _____. electron cloud model modern atomic model space model plum pudding model

plum pudding model

Choose the element described by the following electron configuration. 1s22s22p63s23p64s1 potassium scandium titanium calcium

potassium

Identify whether the following example is qualitative or quantitative data. the length of a rod:

quantitative

In the following reaction, is the nitrogen reduced or oxidized? 2Cu2O + 2NO 4CuO + N2 reduced oxidized

reduced

Radioactivity is the process of nuclear decay. True False

true

A solution has a Ca2+ concentration of 0.049 M and an F- concentration is 0.147 M at equilibrium. The value of ksp for CaF2 at 25°C is 4.0 x 10-11. Will this solution form a precipitate? Yes No

yes

Is the following chemical equation balanced? 4Al + 3O2 2Al2O3 Yes No

yes

If a chemist wants to make 575 milliliters of 0.75 M HCl solution from a stock solution of 2.0 M HCl, how many milliliters of the stock solution would the chemist need to use? 216 mL 220 mL 1,500 mL

220 mL

What is the molecular weight (mass) for Ba(NO3)2? 275.35 g/mol 261.34 g/mol 199.33 g/mol

261.34 g/mol

Determine the mass of the object below to the correct degree of precision. 60.28 g 300.6 g 258.6 g 265.8 g

265.8 g

Students asked to measure the temperature of a reaction beaker recorded the following temperatures. 103.7°C, 108.4°C, 105.8°C, 104.6°C The actual temperature is 105.1°C. Which measurement is the most precise? 103.7°C 108.4°C 105.8°C 104.6°C

104.6°C

If a sample of copper with a density of 8.90 g/cm3 displaces 13.0 mL of water when placed in a beaker, what is its mass? 1.46 g 0.685 g 116 g

116 g

What would be the formula for an alkane that contains 26 hydrogen atoms? C_____H26 12 13 14 15

12

Calculate the ΔG for the following system. Then state if the system is spontaneous or not spontaneous. ΔH = 147 kJΔS = -67.0 J/KT = 149 °C 2.8 x 104 kJ; not spontaneous 157 kJ; not spontaneous 175 kJ; not spontaneous 2.8 x 104 kJ; spontaneous 157 kJ; spontaneous 175 kJ; spontaneous

175 kJ; not spontaneous

Strontium, a group 2 element with an electron configuration of 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d104p65s2, will form a _____ ion in a chemical bond. +1 +2 -1 -2

+2

Determine the oxidation number of the element that is underlined within the compound. BaCrO4 +2 +4 +6 -4 -2 -6

+6

Given the chemical equation, predict the ΔSsystem for the change. C12H22O11 (s) C12H22O11 (aq) +ΔS -ΔS

+ΔS

Use the standard enthalpies of formation for the reactants and products to solve for the ΔHrxn for the following reaction. (The ΔHf of C2H4 is 52.26 kJ/mol, CO2 is -393.509 kJ/mol, and H2O is -241.818 kJ.) C2H4 (g) + 3O2(g) 2CO2 (g) + 2H2O(g) ΔHrxn = ____ The reaction is ____.

-1,322.91, exothermic

Convert 32 K to degrees Celsius. 32 K = ____

-241

How many moles are present in 16.9 g of Al2O3? 0.166 mol 0.17 mol 0.169 mol

0.166

Two hundred forty-eight milliliters of an acid with an unknown concentration are titrated with a base that has a concentration of 1.4 M. The indicator changed color when 82 milliliters of base were added. What is the concentration of the unknown acid? 0.46 M 4.2 M

0.46 M

Given the following balanced reaction of hydrogen peroxide decomposing to form oxygen gas and water, how many moles of oxygen gas, O2, are produced from 0.980 moles of hydrogen peroxide? 1.96 mol 0.490 mol 0.50 mol

0.490 mol

A student collects 285 mL of O2 gas at a temperature of 15°C and a pressure of 0.983 atm. The next day, the same sample occupies 292 mL at a temperature of 11°C. What is the new pressure of the gas? 0.946 atm 1.00 atm 0.704 atm

0.946 atm

Calculate the number of molecules present in 2.25 mol H2SO4. 2.25 x 10^23 molecules 1.35 x 10^24 molecules 3.53 x 10^23 molecules

1.35 x 10^24 molecules

What is the molarity of a solution that contains 612 grams of CaCl2 in 3.04 liters of solution? 1.81 M 201 M 5.52 M

1.81 M

What is the chemical formula for a compound between Al and F? AlF Al3F AlF2 AlF3

AlF3

Which of the following is not a property of gases? volume temperature pressure number of gas particles in the sample All gases are diatomic.

All gases are diatomic.

Which of the following characteristics is the kinetic molecular theory based on? All matter is made up of atoms and molecules that have mass. All matter has mass. Matter does not have motion. All matter is in continual random motion.

All matter is made up of atoms and molecules that have mass. All matter is in continual random motion.

Which of the following is a chemical change? Molten brass is poured into a mold to form a musical instrument. A magnet is used to take iron filings out of a mixture. An ice pack is shaken and squeezed and becomes cold. Moisture in the air forms beads of water on a cold windowpane.

An ice pack is shaken and squeezed and becomes cold

The formula P1V1 = P2V2 applies to _____. Boyle's law Charles's law the ideal gas law pressure laws

Boyle's law

What is the equilibrium constant expression for the following equilibrium reaction? 2N2O(g) + O2(g) 4NO(g)

C, Keq = products(NO) over reactants(N2O,O2)

Which of the following is the correct chemical formula for Cs and Br? CsBr Cs2Br CsBr2

CsBr

Particles formed from ionic bonding are called ions. True False

False

According to periodic trend, which of the following most likely has the highest ionization energy? Be B Ne O

Ne

According to the periodic trend, which of the following is most likely to have the lowest electronegativity? I Rb Y Pd

Rb

Given the table below, what is the chemical formula for a compound between Rb and the nitrate ion NO3 -1? nitrate ion NO3 -1phosphate PO4 -3sulfate SO4 -2acetate C2H3O2 -1ammonium NH4 +1chromate CrO4 -2carbonate CO3 -2dichromate Cr2O7 -2permanganate MnO4 -1sulfite SO3 -2 RbNO3 Rb2NO3 Rb(NO3)2 Rb2(NO3)3

RbNO3

Hans Geiger, along with ____, used a scintillation counter (later known as the Geiger counter) to measure radioactivity.

Rutherford

Which of the following results from Rutherford's gold foil experiment was evidence that the proton was part of an atom's nucleus? -Most of the alpha particles passed straight through the foil. -A few hits of alpha particles were noticed on the sides of the film. -Some of the alpha particles stayed stuck to the gold foil. -Some of the alpha particles bounced straight back off the foil and stuck to the front side of the film.

Some of the alpha particles bounced straight back off the foil and stuck to the front side of the film.

Hexane, C6H14, is a(n) unsaturatedsaturated hydrocarbon.

saturated

The molecular weight of nitrous oxide, NO, is 30.006 a.m.u., and the molecular weight of carbon monoxide, CO, is 28.01 a.m.u., so NO diffuses ____ CO.

slower than

According to the hardness scale, quartz is ____ than diamond.

softer

A(n) ____ colloid is a homogenous mixture in which the solute is completely dissolved in the solvent.

solution

The scientific method is a step-by-step process that attempts to _____ a problem.

solve

The scientific method is a step-by-step process that attempts to question solve identify apply a problem.

solve

Lye works to dissolve oil and grease because it is a _____. strong acid strong base good indicator salt

strong base

Which of the following is a correct representation of the isotope of sulfur that has 19 neutrons? sulfur-19 sulfur-16 sulfur-32 sulfur-35

sulfur-35

Other than carbon being relatively small, what is another reason that carbon can form so many compounds? the ability to change shape the ability to form a diatomic molecule the ability to split its electrons the ability to form ring structures and chains

the ability to form ring structures and chains

An ideal gas is a __ gas.

theoretical