Child Development Chapter 12
Why is the ability to remember such an important key to learning?
If experiences are forgotten then they can't be used for later
Four methods of learning
Incidental learning, Trial and error, Imitation, Directed learning
What are the features of a stimulating environment that promotes intellectual development
Interactions with caregivers and kids, variety of appropriate toys, encouragment
Compare the problem-solving strategy of a fourteen-month-old to that of a three-year-old
3 years has mental abilities a 14m doesn't have. (like long term memory)
How does creativity relate to imagination?
A mental ability that involves using the imagination to produce original ideas.
How is difficulty with articulation different from stuttering? How are they simular?
Articulation is the ability to use clear, distinct speech. Stuttering is a person speaking with sporadic repetition.
How can caregivers promote math readiness in young children
Blocks and puzzles, sorting, counting and number recognition through games or asking questions
How has neuroscience benefited parents and other caregivers
Can help ensure a child reaches his or her potential by offering a stimulating enviroment
Three-year-old Terrell is having problems closing a cabinet door because toys are sticking over the edge of the shelf. How should his father respond?
Complete the problem
Give an example of Imitation
Copying what other people do
What roles do heredity and environment play in intelligence?
Everyone is born with certain limits of possible intellectual dev. A person's potential is developed by their environment
How might keeping a child in a playpen discourage curiosity? How might curiousity be mistaken for misbehavior?
Exploration is limited. Curiosity makes children want to explore everything and this could be mistaken for getting into everything.
How can a routine of reading to children younger than age three contribute to reading readiness?
Focuses on children getting excited to read, and helps them associate written words with words aloud.
What kinds of problems might a speech-language pathologist identify as the source of a child's speech difficulties?
Hearing problems, mood disorders, learning disorder
Why is it important to respect a child's imagination? Should parents always point out what is real and what is not?
It improves learning because it allows the child to try new things. It can also be a way to manage a fear. No, it may discourage them from imagining.
Why might children of two and a half use a word like "tooths"?
Learned that s makes things plural
Give an example of directed learning
Purposeful (school)
Give an example of a toy that is appropriate and the developmental reason for one to two years old
Riding toys, helps use large muscles.
How can parents help improve their child's perception?
Talking about what you and your child are doing, answering questions.
Why do toddlers have difficulty concentrating on one thing at a time
The 5 senses are being bombarded with new information
What is intelligence
The ability to interpret and understand everyday situations and to use prior experiences when faces with new problems or situations (the capacity to learn)
Scott's mom said "Grandpa's birthday won't fit in this envelope. Let's see if we a bigger envelope. Or we can fold the card if we have to." How was she modeling problem solving for Scott?
Thinking out loud, showing options
In addition to safety, identify six characteristics of appropriate toys.
Well made and durable, easy to care for, encourage the use of a child's imagination, colorful, will the child enjoy and is it easy to handle
Give an example of a toy that is appropriate and the developmental reason for 3-4 years
dolls to dress, helps improve fine motor skills
Identify three common safety hazards related to toys
fitting in their mouth, sharp edges, age appropriate, toxic paint
Give an example of a toy that is appropriate and the developmental reason for two to three years
play dishes, helps coordination
What is the meaning of "readiness for learning"?
the physical and intellectual maturity required
Give an example trial and error learning
trying several solutions to figure out which one will work
Give an example of Incidental learning
unplanned learning, pushing something and it falling
What are concepts? Give three examples of concepts that young children learn.
General categories of objects and information. Concepts of time, learning what is/isn't alive, categorizing shapes
Examples of guided learning
1) give your time and attention 2) allow time for thinking 3) give only as much help as child needs 4) encourage children to draw own conclusions 5) demonstrate how to solve problems 6) model problem solving 7) maintain a positive attitude