Child Development (Eric Erikson)

Erickson is famout for what phrase?

"Identity Crisis"

what did Erikson view as for critical for the development of SELF-CONFIDENCE.

elementary school

is the ability to put oneself in another's palce.

empathy

coming from within.

endogenous

a feeling of discontented or resentful longing aroused by someone else's possessions, qualities, or luck.

envy

response is triggered by something outside of self.

exogenous

a condition in which a baby does not grow and develop properly. It may be physical or poor social/emotional care.

failure to thrive

the unconditional giving that characterizes positive parental love and care for their offspring. it extends beyond one's children, also to all future generations.

generativity

there is a strong reciprocal feature int he intimacy experienced at this stage-giving and receiving.

STAGE 6- Intimacy vs. Isolation

- the big question: "can I make my life count"? - express love through more than sexual contacts - maintain healthy life patterns - develop a sense of unity with mate - help growing and grown children to be responsible adults. - relinquish central role in lives of grown children. - accept children's mates and friends - create a comfortable home - be proud of accomplishments of self and mate/spouse. - reverse roles with aging parents - achieve mature, civic and social responsibility - adjust to physical changes in middle ages. - use leisure time creatively.

STAGE 7- Generativity vs. Stagnation

-this is a reviewing and closing stage -the big questions is: "Is it OK to have been me?"

STAGE 8- Integrity vs. Despair

when does stranger anxiety reach its peak?

7-8 months

how many stages of psychosocial development did Erikson describe?

8

what would kids at AGE 1 be afraid of?

- high places - strangers - loud noises

What are some reasons why a child experiences anger?

- if they are sick - if hungry - uncomfortable - if tired

what are 3 ways children learn fears?

- respondent conditioning - imitation - symbolic representation

What are the 3 general personality types?

- sensitive - placid - aggressive

what would kids at AGE 3 be afraid of?

- the dark - animals - storms

Isolation is characterized by what 3 things?

-loneliness -alienation -social withdrawal or non-participation

What are all the stages in order? (8)

1. Trust vs. Mistrust 2. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt 3. Initiative and Guilt 4. Industry vs. Inferiority 5. Identity vs. Role Confusion 6. Intimacy vs. Isolation 7. Generativity vs. Stagnation 8. Integrity vs. Despair

What are the 6 types of play?

1. unoccupied play 2. solitary play 3. onlooker play 4. parallel play 5. associative play 6. cooperative play

when do imaginary fears increase?

3rd-5th year

being and feeling excluded from the usual life experiences of dating and mutually loving relationships. it is characterized by feelings of loneliness, alienation, social withdrawal or non-participation.

Isolation

self-interest and self-absorption. it's the disposition that represents feelings of selfishness, self-indulgence, greed, lack of interest in young people and future generations, and the wider world.

Stagnation

Psychological=

MIND

Erickson's theory is what kind of theory?

Psychosocial

Social=

RELATIONSHIPS

feelings of wasted opportunities, regrets, wishing to be able to turn back the clock and have a second chance.

despair (or disgust)

-during this stage they being to EXPLORE THEIR SURROUNDINGS. -main event= walking

STAGE 2: autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt

-at this stage a child wants to begin and complete their own actions for a purpose.

STAGE 3-initiative vs. Guilt

- this stage coincides with puberty and adolescence, and the reawakening of the sexual urge that was typically dormant in the previous stage. - Young people struggle to be accepted and to belong and to be affirmed, and yet also to become Individuals.

STAGE 5- identity vs. Role Confusion

T or F? child at the age of 3-6 are not bad or naughty, rather they are exploring and learning?

True

In each stage what happens?

a person confronts and hopefully masters new challenges.

What is an example of the autonomy vs. shame and doubt stage?

a preschooler insisting on picking out her own clothes, no matter how mismatched they are.

Eric Erikson's interest in identity developed as a result of?

discovering his parents had lied to him about his parentage.

it is our first real social relationship. it is that special bond between 2 people. it is established through physical contact and expressions of love.

attachment

self-reliance-independence of thought and basic confidence to think and act for oneself.

autonomy

when does separation anxiety first commonly occur?

between 1st and 4th birthday

what do people face during each psychosocial stage that can serve as a turning point in development?

conflict

the central theme of Erikson's theory of psychosocial stages was the development of?

ego identity

means essentially how a person sees themselves in relation to their world.

identity

purposeful or meaningful activity. it is the development of COMPETENCE and SKILLS. it is a critical aspect of experiences during these years. It is referred to as "Entrance of Life".

industry

feeling useless; unable to contribute, unable to cooperate or work in a team to create something, low self-esteem.

inferiority

the capability to devise actions or projects, and a confidence and belief that it is okay to do so, even with a risk of failure or making mistakes. Initiative flourishes when adventure and game-playing is encouraged, regardless of how silly it may seem to the adult in charge.

initiative

feelings at peace with oneself and the world. no regrets or recriminations. people are more likely to look back on their lives positively and happily if they have left the world a better place than how they found it.

integrity

the process of achieving relationships with family and marital or mating partners.

intimacy

the crisis that arises in young adulthood is concerned with?

intimacy vs. Isolation

a response to real, imagines, or threatened loss of affection.

jealousy

occurs between the ages 2-3. When you ask a toddler if they want ice cream, and they nod their head yes, but say no. They say no even when they mean yes.

negativism

these smiles are social smiles in that the baby will smile at other people's faces. These appear at about 8 weeks.

non-selective smiles

a combination of all the behavior characteristics usually shown by that person.

personality

if the challenges are not completed successfully, these challenges can reappear as what in the future?

problems

This smile is present at birth. These smiles are physical reactions that are reflexives or responses triggered by the nervous system.

reflexive smiles

is the negative perspective an absence of identity-meaning that the person cannot see clearly or at all who they are and how they can relate positively to their environment.

role confusion

these smiles appear at about 3 1/2 months and are also social smiles. at this stage, babies will not smile at everyone; primarily at the parents and caregivers.

selective smiles

how you see yourself

self-concept

is a fear of being away from parents, familiar caregivers, or their normal environment

separation anxiety

competition between brothers and sister for their parents attention and affection.

sibling rivalry

It is a process of learning to interact with others to express oneself to others; forming relationships with others (family, school, work).

social development

What is Erikson's theory based on?

social expectations (socialization)

when the baby looks concerned, uncomfortable, or fearful when "strangers" approach them. baby may even cry

stranger anxiety

if a child struggles to do well in school, what problem might emerge?

struggle with feelings of inferiority

the stage that occurs between birth and one year of age is concerned with?

trust vs. mistrust

successfully completing the 8th stage of psychosocial development leads to the emergence of what quality?

wisdom