Chloride Ion (Cl-), Calcium Ion (Ca2+), Phosphate Ion, Magnesium (Mg2+)
Phosphate is regulated by many of the same mechanisms as?
Ca2+ because 99% of calcium is stored in bone as calcium phosphate
Magnesium is primarily located within bone or within cells. After K+ Magnesium is the most ABUNDANT CATION in the?
ICF
Phosphate is the most ABUNDANT anion in the?
ICF
Chloride is the most ABUNDANT where?
In the ECF
Chloride is a common anion that is normally associated with?
Na+ (NaCl)
Chloride levels are directly correlated with Na+ levels, because Cl- follows?
Na+ bt electrostatic interactions
In blood plasma, Ca2+ can exist either bound to protein such as?
albumin (about 35%), associated with anions such as phosphate (about 15%), or in an ionized or unbound state (about 50%)
The amount of Cl- lost in urine is primarily dependent upon what?
blood plasma Na+
Calcium is the most abundant electrolyte in?
bone and teeth (most commonly as calcium phosphate about 99%)
Approximately 85% is stored in the extracellular matrix of?
bone and teeth as calcium phosphate
Because most Mg2+ is located within cells, this represents only a small fraction of total body Mg2+. In blood plasma, Mg2+ is either in a free ionized form of?
bound to a protein
Phosphate ions occur as both hydrogen phosphate and?
dihydrogen phosphate
Most phosphate is ionized (about 90%) in blood plasma and the rest is bound to?
plasma proteins such as albumin
Mg2+ is lost from the body in?
sweat and urine
Chloride is obtained in the diet, primarily from table salt and processed foods. Chloride is normally lost in?
sweat, stomach secretions, and urine
Calcium is lost from the body in?
urine, feces, and sweat