CIS-2 Chapter 1

Strategic plans

_____ are plans developed by top managers which define the company's overall mission and goals.

Management Information Systems (MIS)

_____ are systems in which managers were the primary users.

Business process model (BPM)

A _____ graphically displays one or more business processes, such as handling an airline reservation, filling a product order, or updating a customer account.

Brick-and-mortar

A _____ company performs their business primarily from physical locations.

Knowledge Base

A _____ consists of a large database that allows users to find information by entering keywords or questions in normal English phrases.

Internet-dependent

A _____ firm, is a firm whose primary business depends on the Internet rather than a traditional business channel.

System

A _____ is a set of related components that produces specific results. They can do things like route internet traffic, manufacture microchips, and control complex entities like the Mars rover for example.

Business Process

A _____ is a specific set of transactions, events, and results that can be described and documented.

Mission-critical system

A _____ is a system that is vital to a company's operations. An example would be an order operating system.

Legacy system

A _____ is an older system that new ones often have to work with.

Business Profile

A _____ is an overview of a company's mission, functions, organization, products, services, customers, suppliers, competitors, constraints, and future direction.

Vertical System

A _____ is designed to meet the unique requirements of a specific business or industry, such as a Web-based retailer, a medical practice, or a video chain.

Transaction Processing (TP) Systems

A _____ processes data generated by day-to-day business operations. Some examples include customer order processing, accounts receivable, and warranty claim processing. They perform a series of tasks whenever a specific transaction occurs. They are mission critical systems.

What-if

A _____ scenario in which outcomes are predicted based on certain circumstances.

Horizontal System

A ______ is a system, such as an inventory or payroll application, that can be adapted for use in many different types of companies.

Information System

An _____ combines information technology, people, and data to support business requirements. They handle daily business transactions, improve company productivity, and help managers make sound decisions.

e-commerce

Internet based commerce is called _____.

IBM

The International business machines company was founded in 1896 by Herman Hollerith, it is one of the most successful computer companies around. This company created the first primitive database with the punchcard machine.

Five Components of an information system

The five components of an information system are: Hardware, software, people, processes, and data.

Knowledge management systems

_____ are systems that are also called expert systems because they simulate human reasoning by combining a knowledge base and inference rules that determine how the knowledge is applied.

Stakeholders

_____ are people who have an interest in an information system. They include the management group responsible for the system.

Users/end users

____ people who are inside and outside the company who will interact with the system, and IT staff members, such as systems analysts, programmers, and network administrators who develop and support the system.

Information Technology

_____ Refers to the combination of hardware, software, and services that people use to manage, communicate, and share information.

Enterprise Applications

_____ are company-wide applications that include; order processing systems, payroll systems, and company communications networks.

Software Packages

_____ are information systems and software purchased from a vendor.

In-House applications

_____ are information systems developed within a company.

Inference Rules

_____ are logical rules that identify data patterns and relationships.

User productivity systems

_____ are systems that include email, voice mail, fax, video, web conferencing, word processing, automated calendars, database management, spreadsheets, desktop publishing, presentation graphics, company intranets, and high speed Internet access.

service-oriented

_____ companies include vendors, software developers, and service providers.

Product-oriented

_____ companies manucature computers, routers, or microchips.

Data

_____ consists of basic facts that are the system's raw material.

Hardware

_____ consists of everything in the physical layer of the information system. It can include servers, workstations, networks, telecommunications equipment, fiber optics, mobile devices, etc.

Application software

_____ consists of programs that support day-to-day business functions and provide users with the information they require.

Processes

_____ describe the tasks and business functions that users, managers, and IT staff members perform to achieve specific results.

electronic data interchange (EDI)

_____ enabled computer to computer data transfer, usually over private telecomms lines. It was used to plan production, adjust inventory levels, or stock up on raw materials using data from another company's information system.

Knowledge Workers

_____ include professional staff members such as systems analysts, programmers, accountants, researchers, trainers, and human resource specialists.

Supply chain management (SCM)

_____ involves the management of information flows between and among stages in a supply chain to maximize total supply chain effectiveness and profitability.

Extensible markup language (XML)

_____ is a language that enabled company to company traffic to migrate to the Internet, which offered standard protocols, universal availability, and low communication costs. It is a flexible data description language that allows Web-based communication between different hardware and software environments.

Business process modeling notation (BPMN)

_____ is a language used by analysts to document business processes. It uses various shapes and symbols to represent events, processes, and workflows, etc.

System Analysis and Design

_____ is a step-by-step process for developing high-quality information systems.

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

_____ is a system that provides cost-effective support for users and managers throughout the company. A rental car company can use one to forecast customer demand for several locations, for example.

Fuzzy Logic

_____ is a technique that allows inferences to be drawn from imprecise relationships.

Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)

_____ is a technology that uses high frequency radio waves to track physical objects. It is used for inventory control in retail stores.

Information

_____ is data that has been transformed into output that is valuable to users.

Moore's Law

_____ is the idea that the number of transistors on an integrated circuit doubles about every 24 months. The hardware also becomes less expensive.

Business process modeling

_____ is used to represent company operations and information needs. It requires a business profile and a series of models that document business processes.

System Software

_____ manages the hardware components, which can include a single workstation or a global network with many thousands of clients. Examples include the operating system, security software, device drivers, and utility programs.

System Analysts

_____ plan, develop, and maintain information systems.

Groupware

_____ programs run on a company intranet and enable users to share data, collaborate on projects, and work in teams.

Business Support Systems

_____ provide job related information support to users at all levels of a company. These systems can analyze transactional data, generate information to manage and control business processes, and provide information that leads to better decisions.

Enterprise computing

_____ refers to information systems that support company-wider operations and data management requirements. Wal-Mart's inventory control system is an example of this. It's main objective is to integrate a company's primary functions to improve efficiency and decision making.

Software

_____ refers to the programs that control the hardware and produce the desired information or results.