CIS275 CH5

What should you do before taking the drive out of it's protective static bag

Touch the outside of the bag to metal for at least 2 seconds to drain any latent electricity from you and the bag.

You install a SATA hard drive and then turn on the computer for the first time. You access BIOS/UEFI setup and see that the drive is not recognized. Which of the following do you do next? ~Turn off the computer, open the case, and verify that memory modules on the motherboard have not become loose. ~Turn off the computer, open the case, and verify that the data cable and power cable are connected correctly. ~Update BIOS/UEFI firmware to make sure it can recognize the new drive. ~Reboot the computer and enter BIOS/UEFI setup again to see if it now recognizes the drive.

Turn off the computer, open the case, and verify that the data cable and power cable are connected correctly.

UDF left off here

Universal Disk Format. Used by DVDs, Blu-ray and CDs

What can cause false SMART alerts

malware

What do you do if the drive light on the front panel does not work after installing a new drive

try reversing the LED wire on the front panel header of the motherboard

how many drives are required for RAID 5

3

Error "POST beeps 3 times". No video

3 beeps usually means memory. Check that memory modules are fully seated

In which other bays in a desktop case could the 2.5" card reader reasonably be installed (choose all that apply) 1. 3.5" hard drive bay 2. 3.5" floppy drive 3. 5.25" optical drive 4. 2.5" SSD bay

3.5" floppy drive and 5.25" optical drive *a 2.5" wide card reader must be installed ina bay that is wide enough and that provides external access to the slots. This includes a 3.5" floppy dirve bay and a 5.25" optical drive bay, although you might need a custom-fitted faceplate.

What are the common form factors for magnetic HDD

3.5" for desktop and 2.5" for laptop

NVMe transfer rate

32 Gb/sec (Gb=gigabit GB=GigaByte) *It uses PCIe3 (1 GB/sec or 8Gb/sec). NVMe uses 4 lanes. 8*4=32Gg/sec.

How many drives are required to set up a RAID 10 (1+0( array)?

4

What is the theoretical maximum data transfer rate for the SATA III standard

6 Gb/sec

Why are SSD more expensive

faster, more reliable, last longer and use less power

exFAT

file system used by large capacity removable storage devices including some USB Flash drives, memory card and external hard drives

FAT32 and FAT

file system used on smaller capacity drives

What is the next step after installation is confirmed if this is the primary HDD

Boot from Windows setup DVD or USB drive and follow the onscreen instructions to install Windows

If a drive has 2 power connectors you should use both. T or F

False. Only one power connector should be used. The SATA, if one is available, or the legacy molex connector. But never both at the same time

Magnetic Hard Drive

has 1, 2 or more platters, or disks, that stack together and spin in unison inside a sealed metal housing

Most current hard drives use what size sectors

4096 bytes

What is the theoretical maximum data transfer rate for the USB 3.0 standard

5 Gb/sec

How wide are most optical drives

5.25"

What are the steps in install an SSD card in the M.2 slot

1. Measure the card length and determine which screw hole to use 2. Slide the card straight into the slot, but not from an upward angle. Determine if the b-key (left notch) or m-key (right notch) should be used. 3. Install one screw into the standoff (spacer like is used for motherboard). Do not overtighten. 4. Star the system. Check BIOS/UEFI set up to make sure the card is recognized

Steps to create a RAID 5

1. install 3 SATA drives 2. Enter BIOS/UEFI. Verify drives. Select option to configure SATA then select RAID 3. Reboot and enter RAID configuration utility (ctrl+I) 4. Select "Create RAID Volume" 5. Select RAID5 Parity. (there is no need to select disks since all 3 are required) 6.Select the value for the strip size (32, 64 or 128 KB) 7. Enter volume size. You don't have to use the entire available space. What's not used can be configured as another array. 8. Select "Create Volume", say yes to warning all data will be erased.

Most popular SSD form factors

2.5" SSD M.2 SSD Card PCIe SSD Expansion card

low-level formatting

A process (usually performed at the factory) that electronically creates the hard drive tracks and sectors and tests for bad spots on the disk surface.

What is necessary for best RAID performance

All drives should be identical in brand, size, speed and other features

Why do hard drives tend to slow down over time? ~Drives can reach full capacity, which hinders where data can be written to the drive. ~SSDs must erase a block before a block can be written. ~Magnetic drives take longer when having to read data from noncontiguous locations on the drive. ~All of the above

All the above The hard drive can slow down when it almost reaches its maximum capacity. SSDs need to erase previous data to write new data. Magnetic drives can have problems with fragmentation.

You want to install an SSD in your desktop computer, but the drive is far too narrow to fit snugly into the bays of your computer case. Which of the following do you do? ~Install the SSD in a laptop computer. ~Buy a bay adapter that will allow you to install the narrow drive in a desktop case bay. ~This SSD is designed for a laptop. Flash BIOS/UEFI so that your system will support a laptop hard drive. ~Use a special SATA controller card that will support the narrow hard drive.

Buy a bay adapter that will allow you to install the narrow drive in a desktop case bay.

Which SATA connector on the motherboard do you use

Check the motherboard documentation which will tell you in what order to use the connectors

CDFS

Compact Disc File System used by CDs

Which of these memory cards is physically the largest 1. CompactFlash 2. MicroSD 3. xD-Picture Card 4. SDHC

CompactFlash

What kind of device is most likely to need a CompactFlash card 1. Point-and-shoot digital camera 2. DSLR camera 3. Security camera 4. Waterproof camera

CompactFlash cards are still used for larger devices such as DSLR camera.

How do you verify the drive is recognized correctly

Enter the BIOS/UEFI setup and look for the drive.

how can additional SATA ports be added

Expansion card

A laptop has an SD card slot that no longer reads cards inserted in the slot. Which is the first and best solution to try? The second? ~Download and install the latest drivers from the laptop manufacturer for the card slot. ~Purchase a USB memory card adapter to replace the SD card slot. ~Replace the card reader on the system board, being careful to only use parts sold or recommended by the laptop manufacturer. ~Update Windows on the laptop. ~Reinstall Windows on the laptop.

First, Download and install the latest drivers from the laptop manufacturer for the card slot Then, Update Windows on the laptop.

"no boot device" after installing a new hard drive

Forgot to insert Windows installation disk

Which is the better RAID configuration

Hardware RAID. Software RAID is considered an unstable solution and not recommended by Microsoft. hardware RAID is also usually faster than software RAID

In the term SDHC, what does the HC stand for

High Capacity

You are setting up a RAID system in a server designed for optimum fault tolerance, accuracy, and minimal downtime. Which HDD is best for this system, assuming the motherboard supports it? ~Hot-swap 2.5" SATA 2.0 SSD ~Hot-swap 3.5" SATA 3.0 10,000-RPM drive ~3.5" SATA 3.0 15,000-RPM drive ~2.5" SATA 6 Gb/s SSD

Hot-swap 3.5" SATA 3.0 10,000-RPM drive *SATA 3.0 is fast and has a minimal downtime than SSD. Also the hot-swapping technique will have more fault tolerance

NAS

Network Attached Storage. Enclosed external storage device capable of holding multiple drives. Regardless of how the NAS is connected to the network, the drives inside will probably use SATA connectors.

SATA is being replaced by NVMe for SSDs. Waht technology did SATA for HDD

IDE *STA replaced an older tech called IDE or PATA

4 interfaces stadards used by HDD

IDE (outdated) SCSI (outdated) SATA NVMe

What happens if you have a HDD and motherboard with different interface standards

If they don't support the same standard, they revert to the slower standard that both can use. Ie, you will not get the best performance from the system.

You install a new additional drive into a customer's computer. He wants to use the new drive as his primary boot device. What is the next step you should perform. 1. Install Windows on the new hard drive 2. Back up data from the old hard drive to the new hard drive 3. Upgrade the SATA cables used on the new hard drive 4. Install anti-malware

Install Windows on the new hard drive

Where should a NVMe expansion card be installed

Int the PCIe x4 version 3.0 slot

NTFS

New Technology File System. Used primarily by hard drives

Why are SSDs more stable than HDD

No moving parts

Should you change the jumpers on a SATA drive

No, if jumpers are present, most likely the factory set them they way they should be

What will happens when an SSD card using the SATA interface standard is installed in the M.2 slot

It might disable the SATAe or SATA connector on the board

Typically which dimension varies between sizes of M.2 SSD cards

Length *M.2 SSD cards typically vary in length. Although in the beginning there was some variation in width, most manufacturers have settled on 22 mm width. You can also choose between different buses, although this is typically determined by the motherboard.

Hybrid Hard Drive (H-HDD or SSHD)

Magnetic drive in the drive housing permanently holds data while the flash component serves as a buffer to improve drive performance. OS must support Hybrid drive.

What function does RAID1 perfom

Mirroring *RAID1 is a type of mirroring that duplicates data on one drive to another drive and is used for fault tolerance

What power connector type did older drives require

Molex

What is the type of memory in an SSD

NAND (Not AND) Flash memory

Your friend has a Lenovo IdeaPad N580 laptop, and the hard drive has failed. Her uncle has offered to give her a working hard drive he no longer needs, the Toshiba MK8009GAH 80-GB 4200-RPM drive. Will this drive fit this laptop? Why or why not? ~Yes, the drive form factor and interface connectors match. ~No, the drive form factor matches but the interface does not match. ~Yes, the drive form factor, spindle speed, and interface all match. ~No, the drive form factor and interface do not match.

No, the drive form factor and interface do not match.

You have determined a customer's hard drive will need to be replaces in the near future. What kinds of files would be the most important for nina to back up while making the best use of her available backup storage space 1. Outlook email data file 2. Microsoft Office program files 3. Browser bookmarks 4. Windows 10 operating system files

Outlook email data file and Browser bookmarks *Personal data, such as Outlook email and browser bookmarks are difficult or impossible to replace. Operating system files and program files can usually be obtained from other sources

Mark each statement as true or false: ~PATA hard drives are older and slower than SATA hard drives. ~SATA1 is about 10 times faster than SATA3. ~RAID 0 can be implemented using only a single hard drive. ~RAID 5 requires five hard drives working together at the same speed and capacity. ~You can use an internal SATA data cable with an eSATA port. ~A SATA internal data cable has seven pins.

PATA hard drives are older and slower than SATA hard drives. (TRUE) ~SATA1 is about 10 times faster than SATA3. (FALSE) ~RAID 0 can be implemented using only a single hard drive. (FALSE, 2 or more) ~RAID 5 requires five hard drives working together at the same speed and capacity. (FALSE, 3 drives) ~You can use an internal SATA data cable with an eSATA port. (FALSE, only eSATA or USB device) ~A SATA internal data cable has seven pins. (TRUE)

Which of these buses on a motherboard is the fasted SATA III PCIe 3.0x16 USB 3.1 PCIe Version 2.x

PCIe 3.0x16 has a potential throughput of 32 GB/sec, which is twice as much as PCIe Version 2.x. SATA III data transfer rate is 6 Gb/sec, and USB 3.1 maxes out at about 10 GB/sec.

Of the following hard drives, which one is fastest? ~SATA 6 Gb/s SSD ~SATA 6 Gb/s 10,000-RPM drive ~M.2 SSD using a SATA3 interface ~PCIe NVMe SSD card

PCIe NVMe SSD card

PICe NVMe might be used in what 3 ways

PCIe expansion card U.2 slot M.2 port

What type of connector does this RAID card require to connect to the motherboard

PCIex16 *This RAID card can be installed on a PCIex2, PCIex4, PCIex8, or PCIex16 slot. It's too large to fit into a PCIex1 slot.

What function does RAID5 add that makes it more fault tolerant than RAID0

Parity *RAID5 stripes data across three or more drives and uses parity checking , so that if one drive fails, the other drives can re-create the data stored on the failed drive by using the parity information.

What is the next step after installation is confirmed if this is a secondary drive on a system that already has windows installed

Partition and format the drive using Disk Management utility to prepare if for first use

Error "Hard Drive not Found"

Possible solution check all cables from drive to motherboard.

You have two matching HDDs in a system, which you plan to configure as a RAID array to improve performance. Which RAID configuration should you use? RAID 0 RAID 1 RAID 5 RAID 10

RAID 0 It is the simplest technique which used 2 or more drives to increase the disk space of the system, which increases performance.

4 most common types of RAID

RAID 0, RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 10

Which of the following situations allows for data not to be lost in a RAID array? RAID 0 and one hard drive fails RAID 1 and one hard drive fails RAID 5 and two hard drives fail RAID 10 and three hard drives fail

RAID 1 and one hard drive fails It is a kind of mirroring which copies the date on one drive to another drive. So if 1 drive fails the data is not lost

Which RAIDs allow Hot-Swapping

RAID 1, RAID 5, RAID 10

Which RAID array provides the best redundancy and performance

RAID 10

Which RAID level stripes data across multiple drives to improve performance and provides fault tolerance?

RAID 5 It stripes the data and uses parity checking to provide fault tolerance

RAID

Redundant Array of Independent Disks (or Inexpensive Disks). Two or more drives that work together in an array of drives.

How do you install a drive in a removable bay

Remove the bay first, install the drive into the bay, then reinstall the bay

what are the 3 SATA standards

SATA 3, 6 GB/sec SATA 2, 3 GB/sec SATA 1, 1.5 GB/sec (rarely seen today)

SATA 3.2

SATA Express. Allows PCIe and SATA to work together. 16 Gb/sec. About 3 times faster SATA3 but not as fast as NVMe. Only a few motherboards have SATA Express slots.

You install an M.2 SSD card in an M.2 slot on a motherboard. When you boot up the system, you discover the DVD drive no longer works. What are likely causes of this problem? Select two. ~The DVD drive SATA connector is disabled. ~The DVD drive cable is loose or disconnected. ~The installation corrupted the DVD drivers. ~The DVD drive has failed and must be replaced.

The DVD drive SATA connector is disabled. The DVD drive cable is loose or disconnected.

What must be done if windows is installed on a drive that is part of a RAID

The RAID must be configured before installing windows because all data on the drives is lost when the RAID is configured.

If we installed USB 3.0 card reader in this computer instead of a USB2.0 card reader which of the following items would no longer work

The case's USB 3.0 ports *Ther is only one USB 3.0 connectore available on teh motherboard. If we use that connector to power the card reader, it's no longer available for the case's USB 3.0 ports.

Explain how a DVD manufacturer can advertise that a DVD can hold 4.7 GB, but Explorer reports the DVD capacity as 4,706,074,624 bytes or 4.38 GB. ~Manufacturers are allowed to overadvertise their products. ~The manufacturer measures capacity in decimal and the OS measures capacity in binary. ~The actual capacity is 4.7 GB, but the OS requires overhead to manage the DVD and the overhead is not included in the reported DVD capacity. ~The DVD was formatted to have a capacity of 4.38 GB, but it could have been formatted to have a capacity of 4.7 GB.

The manufacturer measures capacity in decimal (base 10) and the OS measures capacity in binary.

What happens if the SATA standards for the drive and the motherboard don't match

The system will run at the slower speed

You discover Event Viewer has been reporting hard drive errors for about one month. What is the first solution you should try to fix the problem? ~Use the chkdsk command to repair the drive. ~Use Explorer to reformat the drive. ~Replace the drive with a known good one. ~Download and install firmware updates to the drive from the hard drive manufacturer.

Use the chkdsk command to repair the drive.

Formatting

Using windows to install a new file system on a device or logical drive. The process erases all existing data

You have four 2.5" hard drives on hand and need a replacement drive for a desktop system. The documentation for the motherboard installed in the system says the board has six SATA 3 Gb/s connectors and one IDE connector. Which of the four hard drives will work in the system and yield the best performance? ~Ultralock IDE ATA 4500-RPM 3.5" HDD ~WD 3.5" 7200-RPM SATA 3.0 HDD ~Seagate IDE ATA 4500-RPM 3.5" HDD ~WD 2.5" 4500-RPM SATA 6 Gb/s HDD

WD 3.5" 7200-RPM SATA 3.0 HDD RPM is revolutions per minute. It has the highest amount and will give the best performance.

Can you install a 2.5" drive in a 3.5" bay

Yes. With a Universal Bay kit adapter.

IDE Connector

aka PATA. Used 40 or 80 pin connector ribbon cable

hot swapping

allows you to connect and disconnect a device while the system is running.

How is a hardware RAID set up

by using an RAID-enabled motherboard that is managed in the BIOS/UEFI setup or by using a RAID controller card.

Which chkdsk command gives you a list of all available chkdsk parameter

chkdsk /? *adding /? to a windows command will list helpful information for that command

What does SMART monitor on a HDD

disk spin up time, distance between the the head and disk and other mechanical activities

What does SMART monitor on a SDD

number of write operations, which is the best measurement of when I drive might fail.

What is the life span of an SSD based on

number of written operations to the drive and is expressed in TBW (TeraBytes Written) or DWPD (Drive Writes Per Day) over its expected life.

How is a Hard Drive (HDD) rated

physical size, capacity, speed, technologies, interface standards