Civil War
What is the Union's reaction to the Confederates fighting at the Battle of Bull Run?
surprised by their ability
The Anaconda Plan
surround the South and "squeeze the life out of it": -Capture Richmond -Blockade the coastline -Control the MIssissippi River and divide the South
Siege
the act or process of surrounding and attacking to isolate it from help or supplies
Entrenched
to dig trenches (on mountains or hills) for defensive purposes
Why does Lincoln send troops to Fort Sumter, SC?
to supply a federal fort
In what battle was McClellan fired? Why?
"Burnside's Bridge" because new General Burnside won against Confederates whereas McClellan kept losing so Burnside is put in charge
Afternoon stage of Battle of Antietam?
"Burnside's" Bridge
Once North refocuses their efforts, South must go on offense and have two more goals...
-Capture Washington DC -Threaten Northern cities
Southern Advantages
-Fighting a defensive war -Better military leaders -Prepared for outdoor living -Believe in "King Cotton" and the European's desire for cotton -Have a clear goal!
Southern Disadvantages
-Less population=fewer free men to fight! -Lack of supplies=few factories and less food production
Northern Disadvantage
-Must invade and try to hold the hostile south-over 750,000 square miles!
South's "fighting a defensive war" plan
-Resist until the North gets tired of fighting
Union Blockade
-Union may be loosing battles in VA but blockade is successful -Reduces southern trade by 2/3
Northern advantages
-larger population -more economic (industries) and financial (gold and banks) resources -more transportation systems -have the Navy
How many Union casualties? Confederate?
13,000 Union, 11,000 Confederate
When is Abraham Lincoln elected?
1860
What time period is "Burnside's" Bridge in the Battle of Antietam?
1:00pm-5:00pm
How many casualties in the Battle of Antietam?
20,000 casualties
Why is the Sunken Road in the Battle of Antietam also known as the "Bloody Lane"?
5,000 soldiers die here
What time period is the Cornfield in the Battle of Antietam?
6:00am-9:00am
How many volunteers does Lincoln ask for to join the Union Army?
75,000 volunteers
What time period is the Sunken Road in the Battle of Antietam?
9:00am-1:00pm
What is established in the Confederate States of America?
A constitution
Which Union general caught New Orleans?
Admiral Farragut
What do the states that need to choose sides once the war begins decide to do?
All four states secede! They refuse attack other southern states
Bloodiest battle in the Civil War?
Battle of Antietam
How did McClellan mess up most? What battle?
Battle of Antietam-McClellan found Lee's plans and still delayed by thinking through and examining and as a result, lost the first two battles in Antietam
First official battle of the Civil War
Battle of Bull Run
Midday stage of Battle of Antietam?
Bloody Lane
Who dies in the Battle of Chancellorsville? Confederate or Union?
Confederate Stonewall Jackson wounded by friendly fire and later dies from his wounds
Who wins Day 1 of the Battle of Gettysburg?
Confederates
Who won the Battle of Chancellorsville?
Confederates
Who won the Battle of Fredricksburg? Why?
Confederates because of better battlefield position-entrenched
What does General Burnside do as a result of the Battle of Fredricksburg? Why?
Devastated, Burnside resigns
Who wins Day 2 of the Battle of Gettysburg?
Draw
North's second goal?
End slavery
South's strategy
Fight a defensive war-"win by not losing"
What do the states that secede from the Union form?
Form Confederate States of America
South's goal
Gain independence and right to govern themselves
How does Union General Grant win in the Siege of Vicksburg?
Gains control of Vicksburg after 6 week siege-Union control of Mississippi river
Who led Unions to victory in "Burnside's Bridge?"
General Burnside
Who is the Union Army lead by in the Battle of Shiloh?
General Grant
Who leads the Union forces in the Siege of Vicksburg?
General Grant
Who is the new Union general after Burnside resigns?
General Hooker
Who was the Union General in the Battle of Gettysburg?
General Meade
Who do the Rebels rally under?
General Thomas Jackson-Confederate
After loss at Bull Run, who is made the head general of the Union Army?
George McClellan
Why does Lincoln change the goals?
Goals evolve as President Lincoln needs to refocus northerners on the war
Why is "stonewall" General Thomas Jackson's nickname?
Jackson and his men are like a stonewall during the battle-could not be moved
Who becomes the president of the Confederate States of America?
Jefferson Davis
What does Confederate General Lee do in the Battle of Antietam?
Lee moves into MD to take war in to Northern states
What steps does Lincoln take to make sure that the border states do not secede?
Lincoln is careful not to make any decisions that might make these states secede
Emancipation Proclamation
Lincoln uses victory at Antietam to announce this statement that slaves in rebelling states shall be freed!
What are the four border states?
MD, DE, KY, and MO
When was Lincoln's inauguaration?
March 4, 1861
Peninsula Campaign
McClellan to capture Richmond but evaluates and delays-allows the Rebels to preprare! Unsuccessful
Does Abraham Lincoln get the popular vote?
No, he wins without a majority of the popular vote-only 40%
Is the Emancipation Proclamation actually a law?
No-only Abraham Lincoln announced this, Congress did not agree to it (it was not brought to Congress)
What does the Union win in the Battle of Shiloh?
Northern Mississippi River
Day 3 of the Battle of Gettysburg-name?
Pickett's Charge
North's first goal?
Preserve the Union
North's third goal?
Prove that a democracy can work and survive
MD had waited to see what VA would do but Union troops get there first...what does Lincoln do to ensure MD stays in the Union?
Puts MD under martial law
Another name for Confederates
Rebels
Why is the Emancipation Proclamation important?
Refocuses the Union's purpose for the war-to abolish slavery-keeps northerners involved in the war and gives them something else to fight for
What states secede from the Union after Lincoln's election and before he is even inauguarated?
SC, GA, FL, AL, MS, LA, and TX
What is the start of the Civil War?
Shooting at Fort Sumter
Friendly fire
Shot on own side
What happens when Lincoln's troops come into Fort Sumter to supply a federal fort?
South Carolina's militia fire upon the fort on April 12, 1861
Is the Confederate strong? Do they hold keeping Union from controlling entire Mississippi?
Strong-hold keeping Union from controlling entire Mississippi
North's strategy
The Anaconda Plan
Morning stage of Battle of Antietam?
The Cornfield
Where is the majority of the Battle of Antietam taken place?
The Cornfield
Why do the states secede from the Union?
They feel like they have no voice or representation in government and are afriad of what Lincoln might do
What nickname does Confederate General Thomas Jackson get nicknamed?
Thomas "Stonewall" Jackson-earns his reputation
Why do Union forces win in the Battle of Gettysburg?
Three days of fighting ends with Union victory because of more men and defensive positions on the battlefield
Who wins Day 3 of the Battle of Gettysburg?
Union
Who wins the Battle of Gettysburg?
Union
Who wins the siege of Vicksburg?
Union
Day 2 of the Battle of Gettysburg-name?
Union "fishhook"
Who wins at the Battle of Shiloh?
Union Army defeats the Confederates who withdraw
Day 1 of the Battle of Gettysburg-name?
Union Cavalry
Who retreats in the Battle of Bull Run?
Union retreats back to Washington DC.. Confederates do not follow-fighting a defensive war
Battle of Shiloh- goal for Union
Union wants to control Mississippi and Tennessee Rivers
What states still need to choose sides once the war begins?
VA, NC, AR, and TN
Admiral Farragut continues up Mississippi River capturing all Confederate held cities except for...
Vicksburg
War of Attrtion
War of wearing down- The Union has a greater population=more soldiers to replace those killed
Another name for Union
Yankees
George McClellan
best guy for organizing army-troops will be well trained and drilled -but too cautious!
